Core2 Quad Q9450 vs Core2 Extreme Q6800 — Hitman: Absolution ilə GTX 680 Performans müqayisə
GTX 680 with
Intel Core2 Quad Q9450 @ 2.66GHz
Hitman: Absolution
GTX 680 with
Intel Core2 Extreme Q6800 @ 2.93GHz
Core2 Quad Q9450
Core2 Extreme Q6800
Multi-Thread Performance
3762 Pts
3651 Pts
Single-Thread Performance
1132 Pts
1142 Pts
Hitman: Absolution
Core2 Quad Q9450 — Core2 Extreme Q6800 — Hitman: Absolution istifadə edərək, GTX 680 — 1080p, 1440p, Ultrawide, 4K qətnamələrlə Ultra, Yüksək, Orta və Aşağı Keyfiyyət Ayarlarında CPU Performansının müqayisəsi
Core2 Quad Q9450
Core2 Extreme Q6800
Ultra Keyfiyyət
| Görüntü imkanı | Çərşənbə axşamı çərçivələr |
|---|---|
| 1080p |
26.8 FPS |
| 1080p |
30.2 FPS |
| 1440p |
30. |
| 1440p |
34.2 FPS |
| 2160p | |
| 2160p | |
| w1440p | |
| w1440p |
Yüksək keyfiyyət
| Görüntü imkanı | Çərşənbə axşamı çərçivələr |
|---|---|
| 1080p |
51.0 FPS |
| 1080p |
56.6 FPS |
| 1440p |
56.9 FPS |
| 1440p |
63.1 FPS |
| 2160p |
nan FPS |
| 2160p |
nan FPS |
| w1440p |
nan FPS |
| w1440p |
nan FPS |
Orta keyfiyyət
| Görüntü imkanı | Çərşənbə axşamı çərçivələr |
|---|---|
| 1080p |
75.3 FPS |
| 1080p |
83.0 FPS |
| 1440p |
83. |
| 1440p |
91.9 FPS |
| 2160p |
nan FPS |
| 2160p |
nan FPS |
| w1440p |
nan FPS |
| w1440p |
nan FPS |
5 FPSAşağı keyfiyyət
| Görüntü imkanı | Çərşənbə axşamı çərçivələr |
|---|---|
| 1080p |
123.8 FPS |
| 1080p |
135.9 FPS |
| 1440p |
136.6 FPS |
| 1440p |
149.6 FPS |
| 2160p |
nan FPS |
| 2160p |
nan FPS |
| w1440p |
nan FPS |
| w1440p |
nan FPS |
Core2 Quad Q9450
Core2 Extreme Q6800
Compare Core2 Quad Q9450 vs Core2 Extreme Q6800 specifications
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Intel Core 2 Quad
Der Intel Core 2 Quad Prozessor integriert vier Rechenkerne (Cores) auf einem Chip.
Dieser Mehrkern-Prozessoren basiert auf der Core-Architektur von Intel, die auch schon beim Core 2 Duo und Core 2 Extreme verwendet wird. Aus diesem Grund hat Intel zwei Dual-Cores in einem Gehäuse zusammengepackt. Ein Core 2 Quad ist also kein «echter» Quad-Core. Der Grund dafür ist die Ausbeuteoptimierung von Intel. Je größer das Die, desto höher die Defektanfälligkeit. Deshalb baut Intel lieber zwei Core 2 Duos zu einem Core 2 Quad zusammen.
Der Quad-Core-Prozessoren kommt für PCs und Server (Intel Xeon) zum Einsatz. Durch die vier Rechenkerne sind Quadcore-basierte PCs besonders für rechenintensive Applikationen geeignet, die Threading nutzen. Mehrere rechenintensive Multimedia-Applikationen laufen damit problemlos parallel auf demselben PC.
Prozessor-Übersicht: Intel Core 2 Quad
Intel kennzeichnet energiesparende Prozessorversionen mit einem angehängten «S».
Stand: 15.
03.2011
| Modell | Kerne | Kerntakt | L2-Cache | FSB | Sonstiges |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intel Core 2 Quad (Kern: Kentsfield), 2 x 143 mm², 2 x 291 Mio. Transistoren, 65 nm, LGA775 | |||||
| Q6400 | 2+2 | 2,13 GHz | 2 x 4 MByte | FSB1066 | EM64T, NX, VT, TXT, C1E, EIST |
| Q6600 | 2+2 | 2,40 GHz | 2 x 4 MByte | FSB1066 | EM64T, NX, VT, TXT, C1E, EIST |
| Q6700 | 2+2 | 2,66 GHz | 2 x 4 MByte | FSB1066 | EM64T, NX, VT, TXT, C1E, EIST |
Intel Core 2 Extreme (Kern: Kentsfield), 2 x 143 mm², 2 x 291 Mio. Transistoren, 65 nm, LGA775 |
|||||
| QX6700 | 2+2 | 2,66 GHz | 2 x 4 MByte | FSB1066 | EM64T, NX, VT, C1E, EIST |
| QX6800 | 2+2 | 2,93 GHz | 2 x 4 MByte | FSB1066 | EM64T, NX, VT, C1E, EIST |
| QX6850 | 2+2 | 3,00 GHz | 2 x 4 MByte | FSB1333 | EM64T, NX, VT, C1E, EIST |
| Intel Core 2 Quad (Kern: Yorkfield), 2 x 107 mm², 2 x 410 Mio. Transistoren, 45 nm, LGA775 | |||||
| Q8200 (S) | 2+2 | 2,33 GHz | 2 x 2 MByte | FSB1333 | SSE4, EM64T, NX, C1E, EIST |
| Q8300 | 2+2 | 2,50 GHz | 2 x 2 MByte | FSB1333 | SSE4, EM64T, NX, C1E, EIST |
| Q8400 | 2+2 | 2,66 GHz | 2 x 2 MByte | FSB1333 | SSE4, EM64T, NX, C1E, EIST |
| Q9300 | 2+2 | 2,50 GHz | 2 x 3 MByte | FSB1333 | SSE4, EM64T, NX, VT, TXT, C1E, EIST |
| Q9400 (S) | 2+2 | 2,66 GHz | 2 x 3 MByte | FSB1333 | SSE4, EM64T, NX, VT, TXT, C1E, EIST |
| Q9450 | 2+2 | 2,66 GHz | 2 x 6 MByte | FSB1333 | SSE4, EM64T, NX, VT, TXT, C1E, EIST |
| Q9500 | 2+2 | 2,83 GHz | 2 x 3 MByte | FSB1333 | SSE4, EM64T, NX, VT, TXT, C1E, EIST |
| Q9505 | 2+2 | 2,83 GHz | 2 x 3 MByte | FSB1333 | SSE4, EM64T, NX, VT, TXT, C1E, EIST |
| Q9550 (S) | 2+2 | 2,83 GHz | 2 x 6 MByte | FSB1333 | SSE4, EM64T, NX, VT, TXT, C2E, EIST |
| Q9650 | 2+2 | 3,00 GHz | 2 x 6 MByte | FSB1333 | SSE4, EM64T, NX, VT, TXT, C2E, EIST |
Intel Core 2 Extreme (Kern: Yorkfield), 2 x 107 mm², 2 x 410 Mio. Transistoren, 45 nm, LGA775 |
|||||
| QX9650 | 2+2 | 3,00 GHz | 2 x 6 MByte | FSB1333 | SSE4, EM64T, NX, VT, C2E, EIST |
| QX9770 | 2+2 | 3,20 GHz | 2 x 6 MByte | FSB1333 | SSE4, EM64T, NX, VT, C2E, EIST |
Weitere verwandte Themen:
- Intel Prozessoren
- Intel Core 2 Duo / Extreme
- Intel Core i7 / i5 / i3
- Intel Centrino 2
- Multicore / Mehrkern-Prozessoren
- Quadcore / Vierkern-Prozessoren
Teilen:
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Intel Core 2 Quad QX6800 : meilleur prix, test et actualités
Intel Core 2 Quad QX6800 : meilleur prix, test et actualités — Les Numériques
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Marque : Intel
Testé le 31/10/08
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Intel Core 2 Quad QX6800 au meilleur prix
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Ce fut l’un des premiers processeurs quad-core et force est de constater qu’il est toujours dans la course.
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Fiche technique / caractéristiques
| Socket | 775 |
| Nombre de coeurs | 4 |
| Fréquence | 2.929999872 GHz |
| Cache | 8.0E-6 Mo |
| Thermal Design Power | 135 W |
Comparatif & Guides d’achat
Comparatif / 40 cpu processeurs testés
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Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6800 im Test: Schnelle Osterüberraschung
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- 1 Vorwort
- Technische Daten und Features
- 2 Testsysteme
- Benchmarks
- 3 Sandra 2007
- 4 Sciencemark
- PCMark05
- 5 System
- SYSmark 2004 SE
- 6 Photoshop
- 7-Zip
- WinRAR
- 7 Rendering
- Cinema4D
- 8 Lightwave
- 9 Videoencoding mit Nero Recode, Tsunami Video, Quicktime und Windows Movie Maker
- DVD zu DVD5
- H.
264 - 10 DivX 6.4
- MPEG2
- WMV
- WMV Adv. Prof.
- 11 Audioencoding mit iTunes, Lame und Oggdrop
- MP3
- AAC
- Ogg
- 12 Spiele
- 3DMark03
- 3DMark05
- 3DMark06
- 13 Battlefield 2
- FarCry
- Fear
- Half-Life 2
- 14 Quake 4
- Serious Sam 2
- Unreal Tournament 2004
- 15 Multitasking
- 16 Performance-Rating
- 17 Fazit und Preise
Vorwort
Quad-Core-Prozessoren bei AMD? Bis Mitte des Jahres Fehlanzeige! Einzig mit einer aus zwei Prozessoren „zusammen geschusterten“ Lösung, die den Namen QuadFX trägt und in Europa allenfalls auf dem Papier existiert, kann der in Dresden produzierende Halbleiterspezialist aufwarten.
Andererseits hat Intel im Desktop-Segment nicht nur den besonders teuren Core 2 Extreme QX6700 im Angebot, sondern kann auch in „normalen“ Preisregionen mit dem Core 2 Quad Q6600 einen Prozessor mit vier Rechenkernen anbieten – sofern ein Preis jenseits von 700 Euro irgendwas mit „normal“ zu tun hat.
Wie dem auch sei: Beide CPUs sind lieferbar und können auf einem breiten Mainboard-Portfolio betrieben werden. Zum Vergleich: QuadFX kann nur ein einziges Mainboard in die Waagschale legen.
Es scheint, als hätte Intel bis zur Vorstellung der K8L/K10-Prozessormikroarchitektur und ihrem Einsatz im Athlon 64 X4 (Agena) die Performancekrone gepachtet. Schneller als Intels Quad-Core-Prozessor Core 2 Extreme QX6700 ist – in den wenigen, verbliebenen Fällen – nur der Zwei-Kern-Bolide Core 2 Extreme X6800, der aus demselben Lager kommt. Oh je, Quad-Core geschlagen.
Mit der Vorstellung des 2,93 GHz schnellen Core 2 Extreme QX6800 soll nun auch dieses Problemchen gelöst werden. Bei Taktgleichheit mit dem X6800 und zwei zusätzlichen Prozessorkernen heißt das Ziel: unangefochtene Spitzenposition in allen Anwendungen.
Wir zeigen die Leistungsfähigkeit von Intels neuestem Prozessor und lassen diesen zusätzlich gegen ein Dual-Xeon-5160-System antreten, um den Wettkampf etwas interessanter zu gestalten.
Ein QuadFX-System stand uns leider ebenso wenig zur Verfügung wie Athlon 64 X2 über 5000+. Da selbst ein Athlon 64 X2 6000+ preislich gegen einen Core 2 Duo E6400 (800 MHz und zwei Kerne vom QX6800 entfernt) positioniert wird, wäre es ohnehin ein unfairer Vergleich.
Im folgenden Abschnitt stellen wir den Core 2 Extreme QX6800 vor und konzentrieren uns auf allen weiteren Seiten voll und ganz auf die Performance.
Technische Daten und Features
Die Prozessoren im Überblick
-
Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6800 (CPU-Z)
Bild 1 von 4
Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6800 (Draufsicht) Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6800 (Rückseite) Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6800 (Seite)
Im neuen Core 2 Extreme QX6800 verstecken sich keine Geheimnisse. Der Prozessor setzt weiterhin auf das normale Kentsfield-Stepping „B3“ und unterscheidet sich vom QX6700 nur durch einen 266 MHz höheren Standard-Takt. Der höhere Takt wird durch einen auf 11 gekletterten Multiplikator (vorher 10) erreicht.
Der Frontside-Bus bleibt mit 266 MHz (effektiv 1066) unverändert.
Für die astronomisch hohe Preisempfehlung von 999 US-Dollar bei der Abnahme von Großhandelsmengen (1000 Exemplare) erhält man auch weiterhin die Möglichkeit, den Multiplikator nach belieben zu ändern. Dieser „Bonus“ wurde mit der Vorstellung des noch Pentium 4/D-basierten Pentium Extreme Edition 955 eingeführt, um einen weiteren Anreiz zu schaffen. Inzwischen ist es das einzig verbliebene Extra, dass ein „Extreme“-Prozessor – abgesehen vom höheren Takt – vorweisen kann.
-
Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6800 (Overclocking) – 3,5 GHz (stabil) und 3,6 GHz (instabil) bei Luftkühlung
Bild 1 von 4
Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6800 Kentsfield – Cinebench 2003 – Overclocking 3600 MHz bei 1,4 Vcc 1,3 Vfsb 1,6 Vmch, Luftkühlung (instabil) Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6800 Kentsfield – Cinebench 2003 – Overclocking 3550 Mhz bei 1,4 Vcc 1,3 Vfsb 1,6 Vmch, Luftkühlung (instabil) Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6800 Kentsfield – Cinebench 2003 – Overclocking 3500 MHz bei 1,4 Vcc, 1,3 Vfsb 1,6 Vmch, Luftkühlung (anscheinend stabil)
Im Vergleich zum QX6700 kann der QX6800 nicht einem mit höheren Overclocking-Potential aufwarten.
Beide stoßen – außerhalb der Spezifikationen betrieben – mit Luftkühlung bei 3,5 GHz an ihre Grenzen. Höher hinaus geht es erst mit den in 45 nm gefertigten Produkten der Penryn-Generation. Die ersten Mitglieder diese Produktfamilie sollen zum Jahresende auch im Desktop-Bereich Einzug halten. Bis dahin wird der QX6800 Intels schnellster Desktop-Prozessor bleiben, da schnellere Quad-Core-Boliden – trotz des spielend leichten Overclockings – den Design-Point von 130 Watt für Mainboard und Kühllösungen übersteigen würden.
Stromverbrauch: Quad-Core-Prozessoren
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Core 2 Quad Q6600
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Core 2 Extreme QX6700
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Core 2 Extreme QX6800
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Core 2 Quad Q6600
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Core 2 Extreme QX6800
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Core 2 Extreme QX6700
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Einheit: Watt (W)
Gemessen am Gesamtstomverbrauch des Systems (gemessen bei Vcore 1,35 Volt) benötigt der QX6800 nur unwesentlich mehr.
Bei Nichtbelastung taktet er sich auf 6×266 MHz (1,6 GHz) herunter und übt sich im Stromsparen.
Seite 1/17
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Testsysteme
İntel Core 2 Quad Fiyatları
1 yorum
Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600 2.40 GHz 4 Çekirdekli 775Pin İşlemci
1 yorum
Intel Core 2 Quad Q8400 2.66 GHz 4 Çekirdekli 775Pin İşlemci
Intel Core 2 Quad Q8300 2.50 GHz 4 Çekirdekli İşlemci
Intel Core 2 Quad Q95502.83 GHz 4 Çekirdekli 775Pin İşlemci
Intel Core 2 Quad Q9400 2.66 GHz 4 Çekirdekli 775Pin İşlemci
Intel Core 2 Quad Q8300 2.
5 GHz 4 MB Cache 1333 MHz LGA775 İşlemci
Intel Core 2 Quad Işlemci Q9550 12m Cache, 2.83 Ghz, 1333mhz Fsb QuadQ95502
1 yorum
Intel Core 2 Quad Q9650 3.00 GHz 4 Çekirdekli İşlemci
En Ucuz Fiyatlarla Yakında Cimri.com’da
İntel Core 2 Quad Q9400 2.66 Ghz lga775
Intel Slbbl – işlemci (Intel Xeon E5420 Quad-Core, 2.5 GHz, 12 MB önbellek)
Intel Core 2 Quad Q8400 2.66 GHz 4 MB LGA 775 Tray Fansız İşlemci
inteI Intel Core 2 Quad Q9550 775 Pin 12mb Cache Işlemci q9550
Intel Core 2 Quad Q8200 2.
33Ghz 4Mb 4 Çekirdek 775P Fansız Tray İ
Intel Core 2 Quad Q8400 2.66Ghz 4Mb 4 Çekirdek 775P İşlemci + Termal Macun
Intel Core 2 Quad Q9500 2,8 GHz Dört Çekirdekli CPU İşlemci 6M 95W LGA 775 FAN YOK
Intel Core2 Quad Q8300 İşlemci ile Uyumlu chunx CPU 2.5GHz 4MB Önbellek Masaüstü LGA 775 CPU CPU’lar
chunx Intel Core 2 Quad Q9400 2.6GHz Dört Çekirdekli CPU İşlemci 6M 95W LGA 775 chunx için Uygundur
chunx Intel Core 2 Quad Q9500 2.8 GHz Dört Çekirdekli CPU İşlemci 6M 95W LGA 775 chunx için uygundur
Intel Core 2 Quad Q9400 2,6 GHz Dört Çekirdekli Dört İş parçacıklı CPU İşlemci 6M 95W LGA 775 FAN YOK
Intel Core 2 Quad Q8400 2,6 GHz Dört Çekirdekli Dört İş parçacıklı CPU İşlemci 4M 95W LGA 775 FAN YOK
inteI Intel Core 2 Quad Q8400 2.66ghz 4mb 4 Çekirdek 775p Işlemci + Termal Macun TKL8400
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Intel Core i7 – 3740QM SR0UV 2.7 GHz Quad Core Mobile CPU 988 6 MB HD Graphics 4000 Tray CPU ohne soğutucu
chunx CPU Intel Core 2 Quad Q9550 İşlemci ile Uyumlu 2.83GHz 12MB L2 Önbellek FSB 1333 Masaüstü LGA 775 CPU CPU’lar
Intel Core 2 Quad Q9650 3.
0 GHz Dört Çekirdekli Dört İş parçacıklı CPU İşlemci 12M 95W LGA 775 FAN YOK
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chunx 4 bölmeli işlemci Core 2 Quad Q9400 SOCKET LGA 775CPU Intel Q9400 2.66 GHz / 6m / 1333g Hz) CPU’lar ile uyumlu
Brightassistant G41 Desktop Motherboard For Intel Cpu Set With Quad Core 2.66G Cpu E5430 + 4G Memory + Fan Atx Computer Mainboard Assemble Set
Hundnsney G41 Desktop Motherboard For Intel Cpu Set With Quad Core 2.
66G Cpu E5430 + 4G Memory + Fan Atx Computer Mainboard Assemble Set
Au-Ja! — Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6850 — 4 Kerne, 3 GHz und FSB1333
Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6850 — 4 Kerne, 3 GHz und FSB1333 — 1/15
16.07.2007 by doelf
Der komplette Artikel als Druckversion
Am heutigen Montag fällt die Informationssperre für Intels erste FSB1333 Prozessoren. Vor ziemlich genau einem Jahr hatten wir im Rahmen eines ausführlichen Testberichtes die ersten Core 2 Duo und Core 2 Extreme CPUs vorgestellt, welche ihren Frontsidebus mit 4x 266 MHz (FSB1066) takteten. Damit ist die Bandbreite zwischen CPU, Chipsatz und Arbeitsspeicher deutlich geringer als die maximale Bandbreite von Dual-Channel DDR2-800 Arbeitsspeicher und der Frontsidebus stellt folglich ein Nadelöhr dar. Mit der Anhebung auf 4x 333 MHz (FSB1333) will Intel seinen Core 2 Prozessoren nun wieder etwas Luft verschaffen, was insbesondere für DDR3-Speicher auch bitter nötig ist. Wir werden heute Intels neues Vierkern-Spitzenmodell, den Core 2 Extreme QX6850, gegen seinen Vorgänger Core 2 Extreme QX6800 testen und dabei insbesondere einen Blick darauf werfen, ob sich die gesteigerte Bandbreite in Form von Mehrleistung auszahlt.
Sechs neue Core 2 Modelle
Obwohl die Informationssperre erst am heutigen Morgen abläuft und die Prozessoren erst ab dem 22. Juli verkauft werden dürfen, fanden sich die technischen Details bereits vor einem guten Monat in bekannten Preisvergleichen. Es ist somit keine wirkliche Neuigkeit, dass der Core 2 Extreme QX6850 mit 3 GHz taktet, FSB1333 unterstützt und über 8 MByte L2-Cache verfügt. Es handelt sich um einen 65 nm Kentsfield Kern im Stepping G0, bisher war die Version B3 aktuell. Zusätzlich zum Core 2 Extreme QX6850 wird Intel vier neue Dual-Core Prozessoren und eine weitere Quad-Core CPU auf den Markt bringen. Seit einigen Tagen ist zudem bereits das Modell Core 2 E4500 im Handel.
Höchste Zeit, dass wir uns einen Überblick verschaffen. In der folgenden Tabelle wurden die alten Modelle grau und die neuen Prozessoren weiß hinterlegt:
| CPU | Takt | FSB | L2-Cache |
| Quad-Core | |||
| Core 2 Extreme QX6850 | 3,00 GHz | FSB1333 | 2x 4MB |
| Core 2 Extreme QX6800 | 2,93 GHz | FSB1066 | 2x 4MB |
| Core 2 Extreme QX6700 | 2,66 GHz | FSB1066 | 2x 4MB |
| Core 2 Quad Q6700 | 2,66 GHz | FSB1066 | 2x 4MB |
| Core 2 Quad Q6600 | 2,40 GHz | FSB1066 | 2x 4MB | Dual-Core |
| Core 2 Duo E6850 | 3,00 GHz | FSB1333 | 4MB |
| Core 2 Extreme X6800 | 2,93 GHz | FSB1066 | 4MB |
| Core 2 Duo E6750 | 2,67 GHz | FSB1333 | 4MB |
| Core 2 Duo E6700 | 2,67 GHz | FSB1066 | 4MB |
| Core 2 Duo E6600 | 2,40 GHz | FSB1066 | 4MB |
| Core 2 Duo E6550 | 2,33 GHz | FSB1333 | 4MB |
| Core 2 Duo E6540 | 2,33 GHz | FSB1333 | 4MB |
| Core 2 Duo E6420 | 2,13 GHz | FSB1066 | 4MB |
| Core 2 Duo E6400 | 2,13 GHz | FSB1066 | 2MB |
| Core 2 Duo E6320 | 1,86 GHz | FSB1066 | 4MB |
| Core 2 Duo E6300 | 1,86 GHz | FSB1066 | 2MB |
| Core 2 Duo E4500 | 2,20 GHz | FSB800 | 2MB |
| Core 2 Duo E4400 | 2,00 GHz | FSB800 | 2MB |
| Core 2 Duo E4300 | 1,80 GHz | FSB800 | 2MB |
Der Core 2 Extreme QX6850 ist das neue Spitzenmodell und vereint vier Kerne, 3 GHz Taktrate und FSB1333 — mehr Leistung bietet Intel derzeit nicht.
Wie bei allen Prozessoren auf Basis des Kentsfield Kernes stecken auch unter dem Heatspreader des Core 2 Extreme QX6850 eigentlich zwei Dual-Core Conroes. Technische Details zum Kentsfield sowie zur Core-Mikroarchitektur werden wir an dieser Stelle überspringen und stattdessen auf den Test des Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600 verweisen, in dem diese Themen bereits ausführlich behandelt wurden. Vorerst bleibt der Core 2 Extreme QX6850 zudem das einzige Quad-Core Modell, welches FSB1333 beherrscht. Der Prozessor soll bei einer Abnahme von 1000 Stück 999 US-Dollar kosten — deutlich weniger als der Core 2 Extreme QX6800, welcher im Frühjahr mit einem Preis von 1199 US-Dollar eingeführt wurde. Die TDP beider Prozessoren liegt bei 130 Watt. Intels erster Quad-Core, der Core 2 Extreme QX6700, wird durch das Modell Core 2 Quad Q6700 ersetzt, welches gleich schnell taktet, aber keinen freien Multiplikator besitzt. Mit einem Preis von 530 US-Dollar ist der Core 2 Quad Q6700 ebenfalls günstiger als der Core 2 Extreme QX6700, für den Intel derzeit 999 US-Dollar in Rechnung stellt.
Bei den Zwei-Kern Prozessoren löst der Core 2 Duo E6850 mit 3 GHz Taktrate, FSB1333 und 4 MByte L2-Cache den Core 2 Extreme X6800 ab. Musste man bisher für 2,93 GHz satte 999 US-Dollar auf den Tisch legen, bekommt man nun eine schnellere CPU für lediglich 266 US-Dollar. Echtes Schnäppchenpotential bieten zudem die weiteren FSB1333 Dual-Cores namens Core 2 Duo E6750 (2,66 GHz) für 183 US-Dollar und Core 2 Duo E6550 (2,33 GHz) für 163 US-Dollar. Die Modelle Core 2 Duo E6550 und Core 2 Duo E6540 sind übrigens weitgehend identisch, letzterem fehlt lediglich die Trusted Execution Technology (LaGrande).
Intel hat bisher nur die Preise für die neuen Prozessoren bekannt gegeben, es ist jedoch sehr wahrscheinlich, dass auch die aktuellen Modelle am 22. Juli im Preis gesenkt werden. Hier noch einmal die Preise der neuen CPUs in der Übersicht:
- Core 2 Extreme QX6850: 999 US-Dollar
- Core 2 Quad Q6700: 530 US-Dollar
- Core 2 Duo E6850: 266 US-Dollar
- Core 2 Duo E6750: 183 US-Dollar
- Core 2 Duo E6550: 163 US-Dollar
- Core 2 Duo E6540: 163 US-Dollar
Extreme wird Mobile
Zudem wird Intel heute erstmals eine «Extreme» CPU für Notebooks einführen.
Da der Mobilsektor immer wichtiger wird, soll das Modell Core 2 Extreme X7800 Mobile im Hochpreissegment auf Kundenfang gehen. Auch dieser Prozessor hat einen verstellbaren Multiplikator und basiert auf dem 65 nm Merom Core. Er besitzt zwei Kerne, taktet mit 2,60 GHz und besitzt 4 MByte L2-Cache. Über die TDP ist leider nichts bekannt, der Preis beträgt bei einer Abnahme von 1000 Stück 851 US-Dollar. Im Gegensatz zu den Desktop Prozessoren, welche erst am 22. Juli in den Handel kommen, ist der Core 2 Extreme X7800 Mobile ab heute erhältlich.
Testumgebung
Bisher haben wir für den Test der Intel Dual- und Quad-Core Prozessoren das Biostar TForce 965PT verwendet, doch leider unterstützt der Intel P965 Chipsatz dieser Hauptplatine keinen FSB1333:
Aus diesem Grund werden wir den Core 2 Extreme QX6850 und den Core 2 Extreme QX6800 auf einem ASUS P5K Premium testen, welches auf Intels P35 Chipsatz basiert. Mit Hilfe des Core 2 Extreme QX6800 werden wir zudem den Core 2 Quad Q6700 emulieren.
Zudem verwendeten wir für unseren Test die folgende Hardware:
- Gehäuse: 19″ Servergehäuse
- Netzteil: be quiet! BQT P6-Pro 530 Watt
- Mainboard/CPU:
- Biostar TForce 965PT mit Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600, Intel Core 2 Extreme X6800, Intel Core 2 Duo E6600, Intel Core 2 Duo E6320, Intel Core 2 Duo E6300, Intel Core 2 Duo E4300
- ASUS P5K Premium mit Core 2 Extreme QX6850 und Core 2 Extreme QX6800
- CPU Cooler: Scythe Andy Samurai Master
- DDR-RAM Module: 2x Mushkin 1 GByte DDR2-800 (4-4-3-10), Corsair Dominator CM2X1024-8500C5D DDR2-1066 (5-5-5-18), Corsair Dominator CM2X1024-8888C4D DDR2-1111@1066 (4-4-4-12)
- Grafikkarte(n): MSI RX850XT-PE VT2D256E mit Catalyst 6.6
- Primary Master: CD-ROM Teac 40x
- Primary Slave: —
- Serial-ATA: Maxtor MaxLine III 250 GB SATA
- OS: Windows XP Pro SP2, DirectX 9c Juni 2007
Im Rahmen der Benchmarks wurden die fett hervorgehobenen Komponenten eingesetzt.
Weiter: 2. Stromverbrauch
1. Intels neue Prozessoren, Testsetup
2. Stromverbrauch
3. CPU-Leistung (synthetisch)
4. Multithreaded (synthetisch)
5. Datendurchsatz von Speicher und Cache
6. Primzahlen und Pi
7. Raytracing und Rendering
8. Kompression und mp3-Encoding
9. Video-Encoding
10. 3DMark06 und F.E.A.R.
11. Riddick und UT2004
12. QX6800 vs QX6850 @ 3 GHz
13. Übertakten
14. Übertakten: Benchmarks
15. Fazit
Diesen Testbericht diskutieren…
Core 2 quad best processor • Web cheat sheet for internet entrepreneurs!
- Socket T (LGA775)
Core 2 Quad is a quad-core processor from Intel. The processor under this brand appeared in January 2007 and was based on the design of the Kentsfield cores, which was produced according to the 65-nm process technology and was called the Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600, had a clock frequency of 2400 MHz, a 1066 MHz bus and a fairly large L2 cache size of 8 MB.
And the first quad-core Intel processor was announced back in the fall of 2006, the Core 2 Extreme QX6700 with a clock speed of 2667 MHz and an unlocked multiplier — it was really an extremely powerful processor at that time with no less extreme cost. A little later, in 2007, updated models Core 2 Quad Q6700 with a frequency of 2667 MHz and Core 2 Extreme QX6800 appeared 2933 MHz with a 1066 MHz bus, later in 2007 added the QX6850 at 3000 MHz with a fairly high 1333 MHz bus — this was the most powerful and latest of the Kentsfield design processors. Already in March 2009, Kentsfield chips stopped rolling off the assembly line. At the beginning of 2008, Intel significantly increased the range of quad-core processors for the LGA775 and the processor models of which started with the nine Q9400, Q9450 and Q9550, based on the updated design of the Yorkfield cores, which had already begun to be produced using the 45-nm process technology, went on sale. a set of SSE4.1 instructions, an increase in the L2 cache from 8 MB to 12 MB and a bus frequency of 1333 MHz up to 1600 MHz for Core 2 Extreme, also some Core 2 Quad and Core 2 Extreme models were produced for the LGA771 socket, which could be seen in expensive gaming computers Dell Alienware and Acer Predator.
In 2009Intel continued to fill the lineup of Core 2 Quad processors with Yorkfield design even despite the release at the end of 2008 of completely new processors that differed significantly from the design of Yorkfield cores under the new Core i7 brand with a new Bloomfield core design and a new LGA 1366 socket. Quads with Yorkfield core designs were produced until February 7, 2011.
The Intel Core 2 Quad family is the latest LGA775 solution.
Contents
Kentsfield [edit | edit code]
Kentsfield — the design of the cores that formed the basis of the quad-core processors, was announced on November 2, 2006. The announcement came only a couple of months after the announcement of the Conroe design, due to the fact that the development of these designs was going on at the same time. The main model based on the Kentsfield design is the Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600, which went on sale on January 8, 2007 for $851. It was the only model until July 22, 2007, when the Intel Core 2 Quad Q6700 and Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6850 went on sale for 530 and 9$99 respectively.
The Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6850 was based on the Kentsfield XE design. The price of the Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600 was further reduced to $266, making the processor available to the general public.
Kentsfield XE is an upgraded design of Kentsfield cores that has minor differences from the original, namely more efficient high frequency stability and free multiplier. This design was used in the Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6700, QX6800 and QX6850 processors.
Kentsfield nuclei design has an area of 286 mm² and 582 million transistors. The L1 cache is 32 KB for instructions and 32 KB for data per core. The volume of the total second-level cache is 8 MB. For the production of the design, the norms of the 65-nm semiconductor manufacturing process are used. Energy consumption is 95-105 for Kentsfield and 130 W at Kentsfield XE. The maximum supply voltage is 1.350 V. The last steppaper is G0.
Yorkfield [edit | edit code ]
Yorkfield — similar Kentsfield dual-chip core design but uses 45nm Wolfdale chips which are based on the new Intel Penryn architecture, however they do not carry significant architectural changes compared to the 65nm Conroe chips based on core microarchitecture.
The Yorkfield chips were originally scheduled to go on sale in January 2008, but the date had to be pushed back to March due to a design error. First models — Intel Core 2 Quad Q9300 and Q9450, which had frequencies of 2500 and 2667 MHz and were sold at a price of $266 and $316, respectively. In April, the 2833 MHz Intel Core 2 Quad Q9550 was released for $530.
The Yorkfield core design has an area of 214 mm² and 820 million transistors, the design uses 45 nm process standards to produce the design. The L1 cache is 32 KB for instructions and 32 KB for data per core. The total cache memory of the second level is 12 MB. The maximum supply voltage is 1.200 V. The power consumption is 65-95W for Yorkfield and Yorkfield 6M and 130W for Yorkfield XE. The last stepping is R0.
Yorkfield XE — the design that formed the basis of the Intel Core 2 Extreme QX9650, QX9770, QX9775 processors. The earliest — November 11, 2007, that is, even before the main Yorkfield design was released — went on sale Intel Core 2 Extreme QX9650.
This design is compatible with LGA771 server socket. Also, a design feature can be called a free multiplier, which is a natural characteristic of the Intel Core 2 Extreme line.
Yorkfield-6M is a core design based on a pair of Wolfdale-3M chips used in cheap Intel Core 2 Duo E7xxx models. The Yorkfield-6M design was used in the Intel Core 2 Quad Q9xxx which has 6MB L2 cache and the Q8xxx which has 4MB L2 cache. The number of transistors in this design was reduced to 548 million pieces, and the area was reduced to 162 mm².
Technology [edit | edit code]
Technologies supported by Intel Core 2 Quad processors:
- Intel Virtualization Technology (VT) (except Q8200, Q8200s, Q8300)
- Intel Streaming SIMD Extensions 4.1 (SSE 4.1) (45nm Yorkfield only)
- Intel Enhanced Virus Protection or Execute Disable Bit (EVP)
- Intel Extended Memory 64 Technology (EM64T)
- Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology
- Enhanced Halt State (C1E)
- Intel Thermal Monitor 2
Despite the fact that motherboards and processors for the scoet 775 were released a decade ago, in 2004, they still remain relevant for solving a certain range of tasks.
The best processors of that time can operate at fairly high frequencies, up to 3.5 GHz, and they are now very cheap, since the technology by which they were manufactured has long been outdated.
In this article, we’ll take a look at the best socket 775 processors you can use to upgrade your old computer or server. All models are located in random order and they are all suitable for this socket.
Best processors for 775 socket
Intel has released a lot of processors for socket 775. Several lines of Celeron, Core, Pentium and Xeon. Not all of them will fall into our article. We will try to select only the best lga775 processors that may interest you and be useful.
1. Intel Core 2 Extreme QX9770
This is one of the top Intel processors of that time. He was the first to teach the fastest data bus with a frequency of 1600 MHz; earlier, the company used buses with a frequency of 1333 MHz in its processors. However, due to the bus frequency, this processor will not maximize its capabilities on all motherboards with socket 775.
It requires an X48 chipset or another one with support for a 1600 MHz bus. This processor also has almost the highest clock speed of all those listed, it is second only to the Intel Core 2 Duo E8600, but has a high heat dissipation.
- Number of cores: 4;
- L2 cache: 12 MB;
- Clock frequency: 3.2 GHz;
- Bus frequency: 1600 MHz;
- Process: 45 nm;
- Heat dissipation: 130 watts.
2. Intel Core 2 Extreme X6800
A fairly good Intel processor of an older generation than the Intel Core 2 Extreme QX9770. It operates at a lower frequency — 2.93 GHz and the speed of its bus is only 1066 MHz. There are only two cores here, not four. And an older process.
- Number of cores: 2;
- L2 cache: 4 MB;
- Clock frequency: 2.
93 GHz; - Bus frequency: 1066 MHz;
- Process: 65 nm;
- Heat dissipation: 75 watts.
3. Intel Core 2 Quad Q9650
This processor has almost the same clock speed as the previous one, but is manufactured using a more modern process technology, has more L2 cache and a higher bus frequency. It has reduced heat dissipation, as well as optimized actuating units.
- Number of cores: 4;
- L2 cache: 12 MB;
- Clock frequency: 3 GHz;
- Bus frequency: 1333 MHz;
- Process: 45 nm;
- Heat dissipation: 95 watts.
4. Intel Core 2 Quad Q9550
This is a processor from the same line as the previous one and it differs from it only by a lower clock frequency. At the moment, the performance of this processor may not be enough, but at one time it was one of the best.
In benchmarks, the previous processor performs a little better, due to the increased frequency.
- Number of cores: 4;
- L2 cache: 12 MB;
- Clock frequency: 2.83 GHz;
- Bus frequency: 1333 MHz;
- Process: 45 nm;
- Heat dissipation: 95 watts.
5. Intel Core 2 Duo Extreme QX9775
This is one of the most powerful processors of its time using this socket. It was released in 2007 and has a clock speed of 3.2 GHz and four processing cores. Compared to the previous generation of processors, this product has increased the L2 cache to 12 megabytes, added support for the SSE4 instruction set, which provide a significant acceleration for multimedia applications. These improvements require more transistors, the previous generation of processors manufactured using the 65 nm process had 582 million transistors, and this one already has 820 million.
- Number of cores: 4;
- L2 cache: 12 MB;
- Clock frequency: 3.2 GHz;
- Bus frequency: 1600 MHz;
- Process: 45 nm;
- Heat dissipation: 150 watts.
6. Intel Core 2 Duo E8600
This is the most powerful processor for socket 775. It was released in 2008 and has the highest frequency among all personal computer processors on this socket. It is also faster than the previous generation processor — Core 2 Duo E8500 at 167 MHz. The processor is manufactured using the 45 nanometer process technology and has a very low heat dissipation for this frequency — only 65 watts. Of the shortcomings — there is only 6 megabytes of cache memory in the second level. In fact, this is the best dual-core processor of the time. You can put it on your motherboard if you need an economical low heat processor.
- Number of cores: 2;
- L2 cache: 6 MB;
- Clock frequency: 3.33 GHz;
- Bus frequency: 1333 MHz;
- Process: 45 nm;
- Heat dissipation: 65 watts.
7. Intel Core 2 Duo E8500
Prior to the release of the Core 2 Duo E8600, this processor was the fastest dual-core processor from Intel. Unlike the older model, here the frequency is slightly lower, and all other parameters are the same. The processor is also manufactured using the 45 nm process technology and has 6 megabytes of L2 cache.
- Number of cores: 2;
- L2 cache: 6 MB;
- Clock frequency: 3.16 GHz;
- Bus frequency: 1333 MHz;
- Process: 45 nm;
- Heat dissipation: 65 watts.
8. Intel Core 2 Duo E8400
Another model from the same processor line as the previous one. Here, the clock frequency is lower by 160 MHz, and all other parameters remain the same. It also supports bus operation at a frequency of 1333 MHz and instruction sets MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4.1, EM64T. The critical operating temperature of this processor is 72.4 degrees, which is the average value for processors of that time.
- Number of cores: 2;
- L2 cache: 6 MB;
- Clock frequency: 3 GHz;
- Bus frequency: 1333 MHz;
- Process: 45 nm;
- Heat dissipation: 65 watts.
9. Intel Celeron D 365
One of the oldest and most powerful processors. Despite the very high frequency for that time and low heat dissipation, this processor is far from the performance of the Core 2 Duo E8600.
It is made according to the old process technology and uses a bus with a frequency of 533 MHz, and also does not support the SSE4 instruction set, which cannot but affect its performance. This model is great for gaming.
- Number of cores: 2;
- L2 cache: 512 KB;
- Clock frequency: 3.6 GHz;
- Bus frequency: 533 MHz;
- Process: 65 nm;
- Heat dissipation: 65 watts.
10. Intel Pentium Extreme Edition 965
This is another processor similar to the previous one. It has a very high clock speed, but little L2 cache, not a very high processor bus frequency, and an old process technology. As a result, this processor has a very high heat dissipation — 130 watts. But despite the fact that there are two cores, applications will be able to use four threads.
- Number of cores: 2;
- Number of threads: 4;
- L2 cache: 4 MB;
- Clock frequency: 3.
73 GHz; - Bus frequency: 1066 MHz;
- Process: 65 nm;
- Heat dissipation: 130 watts.
Terminals
Now you can determine for yourself which processor is better on socket 775 and choose what you need. As you can see, there are a lot of processors and, perhaps, not all the best ones made it to the list. Which processor is better for you? Write in the comments!
Intel Core 2 Extreme — frwiki.wiki
The Intel Core 2 Extreme processors are a series of 64-bit x86 processors for the high-end market. These processors are derivatives of the Intel Core architecture as well as its shrinkage, the Enhanced Intel Core Architecture.
The Core 2 Extreme also features a $999 launch price compared to its mainstream Core 2 counterpart, the ability to increase the multiplier (whereas for the Core 2 it can only be reduced), which makes overclocking easier. (acceleration).
In addition, their thermal envelope is higher, from 10 to 35 watts, compared to lower frequency processors.
CV
-
1 Intel Core architecture
- 1.1 Conroe XE
- 1.2 Kentsfield XE
- 1.3 Measure XE
-
2 Improved Intel Core architecture
- 2.1 Yorkfield XE
- 2.2 Penryn XE
- 3 Notes and references
Intel Core
Conroe XE
| Model | Nb. hearts | Frequency | Hidden | Mult. | Voltage | Revision | TDP | FSB | Connector | Recommendations | Marketing | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L1 | L2 | Start | End | ||||||||||
| Core 2 Extreme — X6x00 | |||||||||||||
| X6800 | 2 | 2. 93 GHz |
2×64 KB | 4MB | × 11 | 0.85 — 1.5 V | 75 W | 1066 mt/s | LGA 775 | HH80557PH0774M | 4- cut. 2007 | ||
Kentsfield XE
Kentsfield XE is a quad-core processor from Intel. The first model was released as the Core 2 Extreme QX6700 at 2.66 GHz. A less expensive 2.4GHz version of the Core 2 Quad Q6600 was released in early 2007.
| Model | Nb. hearts | Frequency | Hidden | Mult. | Voltage | Revision | TDP | FSB | Connector | Recommendations | Marketing | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L1 | L2 | Start | End | ||||||||||
| Core 2 Extreme — QX6xx0 | |||||||||||||
| QX6850 | 4 | 3. 00 GHz |
4×64 KB | 2 × 4 MB | × 9 | 0.85 — 1.5 V | 130 W | 1333 mt/s | LGA 775 | HH80562XJ0808M | |||
| QX6800 | 4 | 2.93 GHz | 4×64 KB | 2 × 4 MB | × 11 | 0.85 — 1.5 V | 130 W | 1066 MT / s | LGA 775 | HH80562PH0778M | |||
| QX6700 | 4 | 2.66 GHz | 4×64 KB | 2 × 4 MB | × 10 | 0.85 — 1.5 V | 130 W | 1066 mt/s | LGA 775 | HH80562PH0678M | |||
By measure XE
Core 2 Extreme X7900 and X7800 are the only two models that can use Intel Dynamic Acceleration , they have replaced the Core 2 Duo T7600G.
| Model | Nb. hearts | Frequency | Hidden | Mult. | Voltage | Revision | TDP | FSB | Connector | Recommendations | Marketing | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L1 | L2 | Start | End | ||||||||||
| Core 2 Extreme Mobile — X7x00 | |||||||||||||
| X7900 | 2 | 2.80 GHz | 2×64 KB | 4MB | × 14 | 1.1 — 1.375 V | 44 W | 800 MT/s | socket P | LF80537GG0724M | |||
| X7800 | 2 | 2. 60 GHz |
2×64 KB | 4MB | × 13 | 1.1 — 1.375 V | 44 W | 800 MT/s | socket P | LF80537GG0644M | |||
Enhanced Intel Core Architecture / Penryn is the name of the new Intel processor architecture. This is a 45 nm reduction of the Core architecture, it should be equipped with a quad-pump 1333 MHz (later 1600 MHz) system bus and 6 MB of L2 cache, as well as a new SSE4 instruction. It will include dual and quad core, desktop and mobile versions.
Yorkfield XE
Yorkfield is a quad-core processor from Intel combining 2 Wolfdale cores on the same die that will therefore be equipped with a shared 2×6 MB L2 cache. According to information provided by Intel LaGrande Technology or TXT. The engraving will obviously be done in 45nm increments.
A version for the LGA 771 socket is planned to offer two-processor computers (which was not possible with Intel Pentiums after the Pentium 3) and eight-core, this is the platform: Intel Skulltrail.
| Model | Nb. hearts | Frequency | Hidden | Mult. | Voltage | Revision | TDP | FSB | Connector | Recommendations | Marketing | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L1 | L2 | Start | End | ||||||||||
| Core 2 Extreme — QX9xxx | |||||||||||||
| QX9775 | 4 | 3.20 GHz | 4×64 KB | 2 × 6 MB | × 8 | 0.85 — 1.3500 V | 150 W | 1600 MT/s | LGA 771 | EU80574XL088N | 1- cut. 2008 | ||
| QX9770 | 4 | 3. 20 GHz |
4×64 KB | 2 × 6 MB | × 8 | 0.85 — 1.3625 V | 136 W | 1600 MT/s | LGA 775 | EU80569XL088NL | 1- cut. 2008 | ||
| QX9650 | 4 | 3.00 GHz | 4×64 KB | 2 × 6 MB | × 9 | 0.85 — 1.3625 V | 130 W | 1333 mt/s | LGA 775 | EU80569XJ080NL | |||
Penryn XE
Penryn XE is a Merom XE notebook heat shrink matrix.
| Model | Nb. hearts | Frequency | Hidden | Mult. |
Voltage | Revision | TDP | FSB | Connector | Recommendations | Marketing | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L1 | L2 | Start | End | ||||||||||
| Core 2 Extreme Mobile — QX9x00 | |||||||||||||
| QX9300 | 4 | 2.53 GHz | 4×64 KB | 2 × 6 MB | × 9.5 | 0.9 — 1.25 V | 45 W | 1066 mt/s | socket P | AW80581ZH061003 | |||
| Core 2 Extreme Mobile — X9x00 | |||||||||||||
| X9100 | 2 | 3. 06 GHz |
2×64 KB | 6 MB | × 11.5 | 1 — 1.275 V | 44 W | 1066 mt/s | socket P | AW80576ZH0836M | |||
| X9000 | 2 | 2.80 GHz | 2×64 KB | 6 MB | × 14 | 1 — 1.275 V | 44 W | 800 MT/s | socket P | FF80576ZG0726M | |||
Notes and links
- ↑ 4 cores per chip: Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6700 (Clubic.com)
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↑ 4 hearts for all? Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600 (Clubic.
com)
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But in practice, the situation changes completely non-linearly. 
If it comes to calculating several completely different applications, then there are no questions, but when it comes to calculations within one program, it’s already worse: you have to regularly calculate completely different information, while not forgetting about the success of tasks and the absence of errors in calculations. 
The performance gain (in separate, HyperThreading-optimized applications) was about 10-20%. Whereas a full-fledged dual-core processor, which includes two «honest» physical cores, provides an increase in system performance by all 80-90% and even more (naturally, with the full use of the capabilities of both of its cores). 
The size of such a crystal, made according to 90nm process technology, reached 206 sq. mm, and the number of transistors is approaching 230 million. 
If we compare the Pentium D processors of the 800th and 900th series, in addition to a noticeable reduction in power consumption, the new processors received a doubling of the second-level cache (2 MB per core instead of 1 MB) and support for the promising Vanderpool virtualization technology (Intel Virtualization Technology). In addition, the Pentium Extreme Edition 9 processor was released55 with HyperThreading enabled and running at 1066MHz FSB. 
Core 2 eXtreme differs from Core 2 Duo only in increased clock speed. 
Each of the Athlon 64 X2 cores has its own set of execution units and a dedicated L2 cache, they have a common memory controller and HyperTransport bus controller. The differences between the cores are in the size of the L2 cache: Toledo has a L2 cache of 1 MB per core, while Manchester has half that size (512 KB each). All processors have 128 KB L1 cache, their maximum heat dissipation does not exceed 110 W. The Toledo core consists of approximately 233.2 million transistors and has an area of approximately 199 sq. mm. The core area of Manchester is noticeably smaller — 147 sq. mm., the number of transistors is 157 million. 
4 GB / s, and DDR2-800 (Socket AM2) , with a peak throughput of 12.8 GB/s. 
The promising AMD K8L architecture will be discussed in more detail in one of the next issues of our magazine. 
And there is nothing to say about real multiprocessing. 
So even advanced players who bought the most sophisticated video cards of those years did not wait for normal games that use all their capabilities. Approximately similar situation with dual-core processors is observed today. Today there are not so many games that really use even HyperThreading technology, despite the fact that mass processors with its support have been produced for many years now. 
This ensures high efficiency in the execution of numerous background programs. 
.. It has long been known that buying processors «for growth» is far from the most effective investment. 
But no one doubts that the future is for
However, a further increase in the clock
Wherein
..
This will allow the crystal to consume exactly as much electricity as
Thanks to the transition to 90- and 65-nm process technology, it became possible to create processors with a large number of cores. To a large extent, this was due to new options for adjusting heat dissipation, and the size of the cores, which is why today we are seeing the emergence of an increasing number of quad-core processors. But what about software? How well does it scale from one to two or four cores? 
There is a third option: the mechanism that distributes the load between the cores, namely the OS manager, can also become a bottleneck. 
This includes almost all processors from the inception of the 8086 architecture up to the Athlon 64 and Intel Pentium 4. Until the manufacturing process became thin enough to create two processing cores on a single chip, the transition to a smaller process technology was used to reduce operating voltage, increase clock speeds, or add function blocks and cache memory. 
Even DVD playback can stress a single core as much as a daunting task. The dual-core processor makes it easier to handle running multiple applications at the same time. 
One of the reasons is the limited optimization of programs for multiple threads, but there are also certain problems in the architecture. Although AMD today criticizes Intel for packing two dual-core dies in one processor, considering it not a «true» quad-core CPU, Intel’s approach works well because the processors do deliver quad-core performance. From a production standpoint, it’s easier to get a high die yield and produce more products with smaller cores that can then be put together for a new, more powerful product in a new process. As for performance, there are «bottlenecks» — two dies communicate with each other via the system bus, so it is very difficult to manage multiple cores distributed over several dies. Although the presence of multiple crystals allows for better energy savings and adjusting the frequencies of individual cores to the needs of the application. 
AMD will implement this approach by equipping 512KB of L2 cache per core and adding L3 cache for all cores. AMD’s advantage is that it will be possible to turn off individual cores and boost others to get better single-threaded performance. Intel will follow the same path, but not before introducing the Nehalem architecture in 2008. 
These two
For example,
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AMD and Intel compete in courts and labs The relationship between the two processor giants among journalists is called the history of endless litigation. Many experts noted in mid-2006 that with the advent of AMD Opteron, AMD secured a significant performance advantage among dual-processor systems. The solutions proposed by Intel at that time were considered by many to be far from perfect. Raised questions and heat dissipation of processors, and their clock frequency, and the number of cores under one case. For example, the Intel QX6700 processor combined two Intel Core 2 Duo E6700 dual-core set-top boxes on the Intel front-side bus (1066 MHz FSB). In the middle of 2006, AMD showed a steady lead over the competitor, constantly increasing the list of its customers. Even Intel’s traditional exclusive partner, Dell, after much deliberation, announced a «betrayal.» Experts predicted further strengthening of AMD’s position, predicted sales growth and excellent financial performance. However, the end of 2006 and the beginning of 2007 brought a number of surprises, as a result of which the situation in the alignment of forces changed again. In any case, technologically AMD is definitely not ahead of its main competitor. This statement is true both for the performance of processors and for the technology of their production. For example, Intel currently manufactures 45nm processors, while AMD has only recently switched to 65nm and does not plan to launch 45nm processors until mid-2008. However, AMD does not consider the production gap critical. According to repeated statements by management, the company adheres to its own development strategy: to concentrate efforts not on microprocessor production technology, which is still more advanced by Intel, but on innovation. In terms of innovation, Intel is moving forward quite actively, no matter what its main competitor says. In 2006, the company introduced many new chips to the server hardware market — in particular, the Extreme series, which was distinguished by significantly higher performance compared to conventional processors. The lineup of the series was updated rapidly, making processors more and more perfect and forcing AMD management to experience more and more concerns. Following the Pentium Extreme Edition 955 came the Pentium Extreme Edition 965, then the Intel Core 2 Extreme X6800 (Conroe), and then the first Intel Core 2 Extreme Quad-Core QX6700 (Kentsfield). Until recently, this processor remained a technological flagship, and the main bet was placed on it. Finally, just recently, Intel released a quad-core processor Core 2 Extreme QX6800. The processor operates at a clock frequency of 2.93 GHz with a bus frequency of 1066 MHz and is equipped with eight megabytes of L2 cache. Like its predecessor Core 2 Extreme QX6700, the processor is based on 65-nanometer technology. Through the transition to a new manufacturing technology, Intel plans in the third quarter of 2007 to implement a significant price reduction for the entire line of processors. Price cuts for Intel processors are likely to be another blow for AMD. Many experts point out that the company’s financial performance is by no means brilliant. AMD has become a victim of its own economic strategy, imposed on a competitor. It was not possible to “kill” Intel with low prices, but AMD’s losses in the fourth quarter of 2006 amounted to $547 million, and in the first quarter of 2007 — $611 million. Global processor market, Q2 2007
Source: iSuppli, 2007 Barcelona help cover losses? AMD is taking decisive steps to close the gap and cover financial losses. Rumors about the mysterious Penryn processor Generation of 45nm processors from Intel will appear not earlier than the second half of 2007. Intel said that Penryn chips, made using the new technology, AMD Barcelona’s main competitor, will be released as planned. Rumors about the transfer of Penryn in the news have not yet been observed. According to the latest data, the production sites for the production of new chips are actually ready to start work. Intel’s 45nm process is currently being implemented in Hillsboro, Oregon at the D1D factory. The company’s immediate plans include the launch of a 45 nm process technology at the new Fab 32 factory in Ocotillo, Arizona (starting mass production in 2007) and the Fab 28 factory in Israel (starting mass production in the first half of 2008). The 45nm Penryn family of chips will form the basis for the new Core 2-core Wolfdale and 4-core Yorkfield chips that will replace today’s 65nm Core 2 Duo and Core 2 Quad processors. The processors of the Penryn family will form the basis of the new generation of the Intel Centrino mobile platform, codenamed Montevina. The new mobile platform Montevina, scheduled for release in the first half of 2008, will replace the Santa Rosa version. The operating frequencies of the processors will exceed the bar of 3 GHz, which was demonstrated at the ongoing IDF conference in Beijing. The samples shown here were clocked at 3.33 GHz with a 1333 MHz FSB. At the same time, each core had 3 MB of cache memory. According to preliminary information, like AMD Barcelona, the Penryn family of chips will initially be presented in the usual Socket 775 form, and, quite possibly, a BIOS flashing will be enough to use existing boards, but the manufacturer has not yet received exact data on this from the manufacturer. Everything is still at the level of rumors. Obviously, in the very near future we will be bombarded with a whole avalanche of revelations about new Intel and AMD processors, as it always happens before a «loud premiere». Analysts predict an escalation of «warfare» between the processor giants in late 2007 — early 2008. At the moment, the balance of power is equal. Both companies are focused on winning and are confident in the superiority of their own solutions. |
Mutual claims from Intel and AMD arise with the same stability with which the sun rises and the seasons change. 2006 and early 2007 were no exception. The lawsuits continue with the same intensity, the lawyers of both sides break their spears, the paperwork grows and expands, already numbering many volumes, and bitter rivals find more and more reasons to file suits against each other. No less tough struggle unfolded on the technological front. Both companies understand that courts are courts, but the future belongs to those who will offer manufacturers a fundamentally new platform solution. 
Intel’s quad-core processors deliver record-breaking performance, up to 50% faster than cutting-edge dual-core Intel Xeon processors at the same power level, and up to 150% faster than competing systems, according to Intel. 
The company pins great hopes on the new AMD Barcelona quad-core processors. Servers based on the Barcelona engineering prototype were demonstrated at Taiwan’s Computex 2007. At the same time, all demonstration systems were deprived of a keyboard and mouse to avoid information leakage — Intel agents see AMD everywhere. And not without reason — after all, the war is on all fronts. The configuration of the new servers based on the Barcelona platform remains a secret behind seven seals. So in the Second World War, encryption machines were guarded from the enemy. Probably, it is the thick veil of secrecy that causes rumors that cannot please the AMD management. Rumors, none other than inspired by the age-old competitor, leaked onto the market. In particular, a number of analytical groups, among which the most famous is Citigroup, recently published a report in which it became known that the new AMD quad-core server processor, codenamed Barcelona, will not be released in July, as originally planned, but only in October.
However, AMD claimed that the processor, manufactured using 65-nanometer technology, will go into mass production in the summer. The chips will work at clock frequencies from 1.9GHz up to 2.6 GHz. At the same time, at the initial stage, models with frequencies up to 2.3 GHz will go on sale, and AMD intends to introduce more productive chips later. According to a pre-release, Barcelona processors can achieve a 50-80% improvement in performance per watt of power compared to current Opteron chips. The Opteron and Barcelona processors are designed to fit in the same socket, and to use the new quad-core chips in today’s servers, you only need to update the basic input/output system (BIOS). 
But there is no doubt that they will certainly be. In love and war, as you know, all means are good. AMD will not miss such a great opportunity to prick a hated competitor. 
