Thin itx amd: Computer parts, laptops, electronics, and more

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Cooler Master Susurro — a quiet copper miracle for AMD64

One of the arguments in the heated debate between fans of AMD and Intel products has recently become the hotness factor. That is, some argue (and others are trying hard to refute) that the latest generation of AMD Athlon 64 processors has significantly lower power consumption and heat dissipation than the latest competitor products in the Desktop segment. At the risk of incurring the disgrace of both, we will not now discuss who is actually right;). And let’s talk, in particular, about what exactly the advantages of using energy-saving technologies in AMD K8 processors promise to an ordinary user, except for, in fact, a smaller fee for an electric meter. 🙂 And another reason for such a conversation was the release by the eminent Cooler Master (Cooler Master company) of a new cooler model for the AMD platform — with the sonorous name Susurro.

We have already discussed in our publications more than once what are the features and benefits of AMD Cool’n’Quiet power-saving technology used in AMD K8 architecture processors. Briefly, its essence is that while the processor is idle, the frequency of the Athlon 64 core can be reduced up to 1000 MHz with a simultaneous decrease in the supply voltage. As a result, if at full frequency under load such a processor consumes, say, 60-80 watts, then when idle, its heat dissipation drops to 10-20 watts! The key point here is that in AMD Cool’n’Quiet processor switching between modes with different frequency and supply voltage occurs in our experience almost instantly (on a microsecond scale), that is, if the PC processor is busy working occasionally (for example, when working in office programs, with graphic, audio and video editors, when listening to music or watching videos, as well as in many games), and not full time, then in those, even small, millisecond periods of time when it is idle, it switches to economy mode. As a result, the average heat dissipation of the processor becomes proportional to the percentage of its workload. That is, if, say, during active office work, the processor is loaded on average by about 10%, and when working with multimedia content, by 20-30 percent (judging by the CPU load measurements averaged over the time of passing the corresponding scenarios in the SYSmark 2004 package ), then the average processor heating will be conditionally proportional to these percentages (strictly speaking, when calculating the average heat dissipation, one should take into account not only the initial and final core frequencies and supply voltages, but also the time intervals during which the processor was in these states, but also , that in the first approximation, the processor consumption is proportional to square clock frequency, and there are also areas of the crystal where the frequency does not decrease — the memory controller, system bus, etc.).

In these categories of reasoning, the bulk of the PC is simply idle most of the time , which means that processors with modern energy-saving technology (be it AMD Cool’n’Quiet or Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology) emit significantly less heat than at maximum. In order to translate this bonus not only into lower material costs for electricity, but also into simple human comfort — that is, to reduce the noise of computers — many manufacturers have long begun to equip their cooler models with special circuits that control the propeller speed from a temperature sensor — the colder it is the lower the speed and the noise emitted by the cooler. Indeed, why turn the impeller at full speed, if only a small fraction of the full (at full speed) passport heat transfer of the cooler is enough to cool the processor at idle or at low load (see above)? Yes, and in the BIOS of motherboards they began to build in the functions of controlling the speed of rotation of the cooler depending on temperature.

The trouble with most coolers with thermal sensors (including the so-called boxed coolers) is that they have a thermistor, as a rule, located on the fan stator board and at the same time measures the temperature of the air injected into the cooler (which, as a rule, is enough cold). As a result, the whole idea of ​​thermal speed control is leveled and the control itself becomes not very effective, which has been repeatedly noted (see, for example, articles here, here and here). It would be much more correct to regulate the speed depending on the temperature of the processor core, which is done through the BIOS of a number of motherboards. However, this is also not a very optimal approach, since a dynamically changing core temperature with an incorrect regulation characteristic will make the fan often “howl”, quickly changing the rotation speed. In addition, if it is possible for a circuit placed in a cooler to change the speed several times, then it is problematic to reduce the speed even by half through the BIOS of motherboards (as a rule, the motherboard allows you to change the voltage on the propeller from +12 to +7 (less often +6 ) volts), and the noise level of the cooler due to such a “half-change” does not drop so drastically (although it’s a bird in the absence of fish and cancer). Moreover, with coolers that already have a built-in speed control circuit from the thermistor, voltage regulation from the motherboard is often simply problematic (the exception is the new four-wire fan control standard on LGA775 boards). As a result of all this, we get a typical situation when «the bottom wants, but the top cannot.» 🙂

The problem with a cardinal reduction in the noise of the CPU cooling system at low load calculations can be solved by a cooler, where a thermal sensor measures the temperature of the radiator near its base: here the temperature does not change so dynamically (so that there are no howls) and well reflects the situation with the current, but average heat dissipation processor and, at the same time, the efficiency of its cooling by a specific cooler, depending on the air temperature and other factors. And in this case, the fan speed can be changed more than twice, providing a very significant reduction in noise when the processor is idle. This approach, of course, is not new. For example, back in 2000 (when there were no such hot processors ;)) I made an electronic FAN Speed ​​circuit to control the fan speed from a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the cooler heatsink. And for me all these years it was extremely strange to see that the majority of cooler manufacturers continue to sculpt a thermal sensor “in the air”. It is all the more pleasant to see a competent product from a well-known manufacturer that implements the idea of ​​achieving silence in the right direction and achieves excellent results.

Susurro cooler and its characteristics

Susurro in Latin means whisper, rustle, rustle. By the way, this name is very popular in Latinophone countries and, in particular, in Latin America: there they call it various “quiet and secluded places”, where the soul finds peace (not in that sense ;)) and comfort.

Cooler Master’s Susurro cooler for AMD K8 processors

Information about the new Susurro cooler is now placed on the main page of the Cooler Master website, so it’s the company’s pride at the moment. And deservedly so, because a fairly compact cooler for the oldest and even future (including Socket M2) dual-core and single-core AMD processors provides effective cooling with a noise level of 16 dBA! It is intended, as already mentioned, for AMD processors with Socket 754/939/940/M2. Among such processors, AMD Athlon 64 X2 5000+ and higher, defunct Athlon 64 FX-59 (and higher), Athlon 64 4200+ and higher, AMD Sempron 3800+ and higher models and all Opteron series are noted on the package.

The Susurro box proudly and almost on every side says: The Spirit of Silence, the world’s first (in the sense — the best) solution for AMD Dual Core (Socket M2) and Opteron CPU, specially optimized for systems small thickness, the best solution for Slim-systems.

The design of the compact but weighty (almost 700 grams) Susurro heatsink is quite primitive and traditional for modern advanced but not very expensive coolers — thin fins are welded onto a thick copper base.

Moreover, in this case they are oriented only in one direction — accordingly, the air from the cooler comes out only from two sides on the sides of the cooler. However, the manufacturer claims that the special «stepped» shape of the fins at the base allows air to escape both on the sides and below to improve the cooling of the periphery (see diagram).

Among the main design features of this cooler is an ultra-quiet 92mm fan on a patented threaded plain bearing, which, according to the manufacturer, has better silence characteristics (with comparable durability) than popular rolling bearings (I remind you that conventional plain bearings have complaints about fragility).

Another progressive solution is a frameless fan (only a thin wire grill on top and sides). As a result, the cooler is perfect for slim-systems with a limited case thickness, where the main air intake is carried out not from the front, but from the sides of the cooler (see the diagram above).

I was somewhat surprised by the inscription on the fan — its maximum current consumption is 0.83 amperes, which is unexpectedly high for low-speed systems of this class (see table below). However, apparently this value also includes the current consumption by the built-in rotation speed control circuit from the temperature sensor.

The fan speed itself is regulated (from 800 to 2800 rpm) by a built-in circuit controlled by a thermistor placed (attention!) on the cooler heatsink near its base, and not on the incoming air flow, as is usually the case in similar cases.

This allows you to control the fan speed more intelligently and optimally, see above (adjustment based on the temperature of the air blown into the cooler often causes considerable complaints and does not provide the proper efficiency and quietness of cooling). Unfortunately, the sensitive head of the temperature sensor, as it turned out, does not touch the copper base of the cooler itself (to be the most correct), but only a thin radiator fin at a distance of about 12 mm above the radiator, that is, it measures a deliberately lower temperature. Let’s hope that the control scheme takes this into account. 🙂

A feature of this design and the initially low-speed fan (less than 800 rpm with a cold heatsink) is that when the processor switches from low load (or inactivity) to high load, the temperature of its crystal first rises very quickly (faster, than with many other coolers). The matter is that the fan spin-up is a bit «late» in relation to the crystal temperature, since it is guided by the temperature not even of the cooler base, but of a thin radiator fin, which heats up with some time lag relative to the crystal. However, due to the massive base of the heatsink, this is not dangerous, that is, even at minimum speeds and a sharp jump in processor load, its crystal never has time to warm up to a level higher than the subsequent steady-state temperature value during long tests under this load (see, for example, the graph CPU warm-up dynamics in the desktop screenshot below, taken just for such a case). In general, this dynamic regulation also plays into the hands of ensuring maximum silence with an ample degree of cooling.

By the way, this cooler is protected by US, Taiwan and China patents (Taiwan Patent No. 225599, American Patent No. 6,731,504 and PRC Patent No. ZL3201417.1). More photos of this interesting product can be viewed on the manufacturer’s website.

Inside the cooler box is the cooler itself with a plastic protective cover, a user manual and a tube of branded and relatively thick thermal paste.

In my opinion, for AMD Athlon 64 processors with an already existing good heat spreader, it would be more preferable to use a less thick and thinner layer of thermal paste (including so that its excess is squeezed out from under the cooler under the pressure of the cooler to the processor).

Like the one, for example, with which the Zalmans are equipped. This will provide a better pressing of the processor to the base of the cooler and improve heat dissipation.

Technical characteristics of Susurro in comparison with two other participants in this comparison, who also claim low-noise cooling AMD Athlon 64, are shown in the table.

Table 1. Technical characteristics of the considered coolers.

9043 8 Aluminum alloy

9 0424

Model		Cooler Master Susurro (RR-KCT-T9E1)	GlacialTech Igloo 7200 Light	Titan Vanessa S-type
Processors supported		AMD Socket 754/939/940/M2 9 0437	AMD with Socket 754/939/ 940	AMD Socket A/754/939/940/M2, Intel Socket 478 and LGA775
		n/a
Weight, g		685	398	550
Radiator
mm		77x92x40	77x68x60	92x85x144
Material		Copper 99.97%	Aluminum fins + copper base and three copper heat pipes
Fan
Dimensions, cube mm		92x92x25 (weight 75g)	80x80x18	92x92x25
Bearing		plain bearing with screw thread (patented Rifle bearing)	rolling bearing	one rolling bearing
Speed, rpm, ±10%		800-2800 ( controlled by thermistor)	1900	1200-2400
Maximum capacity, CFM		n. a. 1.96-46.14
Max. air pressure		n.a.	12	12	12
Current consumption, A		0.83	0.19	0.21
Noise level, dBA		16 (sound pressure at a distance of 1 m at medium load)	20	20-29
Lifetime, thousand hours there are doubts how they were able to measure it with guarantee if the background level of the best quiet anechoic rooms is the same 16-17 dBA ;)). However, this noise level is ensured, of course, only at the lowest fan speeds (about 800 rpm, which is also quite low even for such coolers!), while at higher speeds the cooler makes much more noise. Heat dissipation tests In order not to mess with the results, posting page and a half listings for each of the parameters, 🙂 in this case, for comparison with Susurro, we decided to limit ourselves to only two typical representatives of the «silent cooling» tactics of AMD processors: a budget solution with an all-aluminum (copper-free) heatsink and a low-speed (but without built-in speed control) fan is our popular cooler GlacialTech Igloo 7200 Light, GlacialTech Igloo 7200 Light cooler. and a more expensive, bulky and universal (in terms of applicability to various platforms) solution is a rather fresh Titan Vanessa S-type cooler on thermotubes Titan Vanessa S-type cooler. with «overhead» fan and block (resistor) for manual speed control. In the position of maximum speed of this regulator, the rotation speed of this copy of Vanessa was 2800 rpm, and in the position of minimum speed — about 2000 rpm. We tested it only in the last mode (that is, at the minimum standard speed), because we want to get less noise out of nothing here. 😉 Tests were performed with an AMD Athlon 64 4000+ processor on a Foxconn WinFast NF4SK8A8KRS motherboard in standard modes with a fanless video card from S3 on the PCI bus. The board was located inside a standard (closed) middle-ATX case (model R202 Li from 3R System), which has a built-in indicator measuring three additional temperatures controlled the ambient temperature — at the “entrance” to the cooler near its fan and outside the case). The «inlet» temperature during the measurements was maintained at 22 degrees Celsius. To measure the temperature of the processor and motherboard, the temperature sensors built into them were used, registration was carried out using the SuperStep programs (complete board utility) and S&M 1.7.6 (with simultaneous monitoring of a number of other system parameters, see screenshot). The computational load of the processor was simulated in the S&M program for three different load levels: 100% (the maximum possible warm-up, which is practically not encountered in real work), 75% (approximately corresponds to the situation when playing 3D shooters) and 50% (according to the creator S&M is the level of typical office work, although such a statement needs further verification). Of course, measurements were also taken with the system and processor completely idle (0%), when the processor frequency was always 1000 MHz instead of the prescribed 2.4 GHz. At the same time, the speed of the cooler’s fan was also registered — for our hero’s rivals it was constant by definition (2280 and 2000 rpm, respectively), while for the Susurro cooler it varied depending on the degree of heating/loading (see diagrams). Let’s start with the hottest case of 100% load in S&M. Yes, the Susurro cooler is outperformed by both rivals here (4 and 7 degrees, respectively), but you shouldn’t immediately shout “Atu him!”. Let’s think about it — the maximum temperature of the processor, even with such an unrealistic load, did not exceed the quite permissible 65 degrees, leaving some margin for additional heating. But the fan speed increased relative to the minimum level very slightly — only up to 1360 rpm. And the cooler worked very quietly (see below). Although if the Susurro propeller buzzed at all its 2800 rpm, then the cooler would surely overtake these two rivals. But it would cease to justify its name! That is, Susurro competently provided the system with exactly the cooling that it needs at the moment, and at the same time cooled the motherboard even better than the much faster GlacialTech Igloo 7200 Light. The situation in “games” (that is, at 75% load) resembles the previous one with the difference that this time Susurro lost even more to his rivals in temperature (6 and 8 degrees, respectively), but it’s a sin to reproach him with this, because 51 degrees of the processor is quite normal, but the fan speed has dropped to an almost inaudible 770 rpm! And the board is again cooled better than with the Igloo 7200 Light. Supposedly office work (50% load in S&M) continues the good tradition of Susurro’s silent operation, and you don’t have to worry about the temperature here at all. And finally, in idle mode, the only difference between these three coolers is the temperature of the motherboard near the processor, which is quite decent for Susurro. Acoustics tests Noise measurements of coolers were carried out using a standard state-of-the-art (GOST 17187-81) sound level meter of the 1st accuracy class VShV-003-M3 of domestic production and a complete condenser measuring capsule M-101. The sound pressure level was measured at a distance equivalent to 1 meter (according to GOST), weighted by the “A” type spectral curve. Because special we did not have an anechoic acoustic chamber for these measurements, and the background level of our quiet room according to this device was 20-21 dBA during the measurements (which in some cases exceeded the expected noise level of coolers, see the specifications above; believe me — 20 dBA this is very quiet ! :)), it was decided to proceed as follows. Physically, sound level (pressure) measurements were carried out in the near (and diffuse) field at a distance of 25 cm from the surface of the cooler fan (the values ​​obtained in this case exceed the background level of the room with a margin and quite reasonable measurement error), and then the data were recalculated to an equivalent distance of 1 meter subtracting 12 dB from them. The scalability of the results for the sound level was further verified by measurements at distances of 25, 50 and 100 cm and confirmed the validity of this approach. (Of course, all other sources of PC noise, fans and hard drives, were excluded during such tests.) It is clear that this approach has a number of pitfalls, however, apparently, this is exactly what cooler manufacturers themselves do, measuring levels in the region of 16-20 dBA, because otherwise it would be very problematic to register them with guarantee ;). The sound pressure level of coolers measured by us at an equivalent distance of 1 meter cannot always be exactly compared with the values ​​indicated in the specifications of coolers, since the latter reflect the sound power level measured by several microphones in a hemispherical free field, and not pressure (usually for pressure readings are slightly higher than for power). (By the way, in our measurements, switching the device to a free field, we got readings 1-1.5 dBA lower!) Nevertheless, the results we obtained at the lowest noise levels (the most critical for the error) differ from the specifications of coolers by 2 dBA (upward), which allows us to conclude that the concept of the approach we used in this case is correct and that we obtain quite realistic figures for the noise level of coolers. The results of our noise measurements are shown in the following diagram along with the fan tachometer readings. The first obvious pattern is that the faster we rotate, the more noise. 🙂 And vice versa — almost proportionally, regardless of the cooler. 😉 Looking deeper into these data, we come to the conclusion that even at 100% CPU load, Cooler Master Susurro left its rivals far behind in noiselessness: 24 dBA against 31-32 dBA — that’s impressive. Moreover, already at 75% load (that is, in games, not to mention office work), Susurro is enough 800 rpm to effectively cool a very powerful system based on Athlon 64 4000+ and at the same time emit those same almost inaudible 16-18 dBA, which is stated in its specifications. Whereas its competitors, even if they work at the minimum standard speed for themselves, are oh so far from it in terms of noiselessness. In fairness, we measured the noise of the Igloo 7200 Light and at speeds as low as 1400 rpm. using the BIOS of the motherboard. The difference is still noticeable (18 dBA vs 22 dBA), although the Igloo’s cooling efficiency drops dramatically. To complete the picture, we artificially warmed up the Susurro to measure its noise at full 2800 rpm. The result was not surprising — 45 dBA is quite consistent with powerful cooling systems, but, as it turns out, are they really necessary in this case? Conclusion The conclusions will not be lengthy: modern AMD Athlon 64 processors, having a fairly high heat dissipation at the maximum, are able to save significant power in real operation, effectively using AMD Cool’n’Quiet technology. And these are not empty advertising words, but reality (given to us in sensations and figures;)). However, in order for this saving to be more tangible for us, we should use correct cooling systems — there is no need to lower the “processor degree” by any means (lowering the degree is not recommended at all;)). You can simply keep the processor temperature at an acceptable (permissible by specifications) level, but at the same time not shake the air with insanely rotating propellers, but limit yourself to the minimum sufficient rotation speed of the processor cooler fan, regulated from the “correctly taken” temperature. And it is precisely for this — that is, for the fact that it does not waste air and provides an unprecedentedly low level of noise in real user work with the right level of cooling — we with a clear conscience give our original design award to Cooler Master’s Susurro cooler. He deserved it! And finally — a couple of spoons in a barrel… Cooler Master does not value its originality cheaply, asking for Susurro a price of around 30-35 dollars. However, in my opinion, it’s worth it.