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Buy Axle3D Nvidia GeForce GT 520 2GB DDR3 PCI Express w/ VGA + DVI + HDMI Silent Video Card
Brand : Axle 3 D
Brand : Axle 3 D
from USA
to LEBANON
Description
- About this item.
- Low Profile Ready — NVIDIA PureVideo Technology — NVIDIA PhysX-ready.
- Microsoft DirectX 11 — Hardware Video Decode Acceleration — NVIDIA CUDA Technology.
- Certified drivers for Windows 7 — Windows Vista — Windows XP.
- Hardware Video Decode Acceleration — PCI Express 2.0 Support.
- TrueHD and DTS-HD Audio Bitstreaming Support — OpenGL 4.1.
- Imported from USA.
BUY FROM FOOKBUY is an Authorized Axle3D Reseller in USA!
Whether you stream 1080p online videos from sites like YouTube or
Hulu or prefer immersive Blu-Ray 3D, the power of the GeForce GT
520 Video Card makes your video playback fast and smooth. In
addition to rendering your high-res photos instantly, the GeForce
GT 520 Video Card also speeds up the editing of your videos. And
when you share photos and videos online, you’ll enjoy a richer
web experience with GPU accelerated browsers like Google Chrome
and Internet Explorer 9. Go beyond photos and videos and take
your gaming to the next level.
Technical Specifications & Features:
Chipset: GeForce GT 520
Memory: 2 GB DDR3
Core Frequency: 810 MHz
Memory Frequency: 1000 MHz
Bus Support: PCI-E 2.0 x 16 (Compatible with 1.1)
Memory Bus: 64 Bit
Video Output: DVI + CRT + HDMI
CUDA Cores: 48
Maximum Digital Resolution: 2560×1600
Maximum VGA Resolution: 2048×1536
NVIDIA PureVideo Technology: HD
NVIDIA PhysX-ready
NVIDIA CUDA Technology
Microsoft DirectX 11
OpenGL 4.1
System Requirements:
300 Watt or greater power supply recommended (Minimum recommended
power supply with +12 Volt current rating of 18 Amps.)
PCI Express based PC is required with one X16 lane graphics slot
available on the motherboard
Support for Windows XP/Vista/Windows 7/windows 8 or above system
Package Included:
1 x Axle3D GeForce GT 520 2GB DDR3 PCIE w/ VGA + DVI + HDMI Video
Card
1 x Low Profile / Half Height Bracket
1 x Installation driver CD
1 x Quick Installation Guide
Show More
Related Pages
Electronics › Computers And Accessories › Computer Components › Internal Components
Disclaimer: The price shown above includes all applicable taxes and fees.
The information provided above is for reference purposes only. Products may go out of stock and delivery estimates may change at any time. desertcart does not validate any claims made in the product descriptions above. For additional information, please contact the manufacturer or desertcart customer service. While desertcart makes reasonable efforts to only show products available in your country, some items may be cancelled if they are prohibited for import in Lebanon. For more details, please visit our Support Page.
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Defending the Endangered — Land Rover Defender
Since the last several years, SUVs are the favourite vehicle body style and they almost completely dominate the automotive market, not just in India, but also globally. They come in various forms and all sizes, and though almost every manufacturer is now making SUVs, the ones with serious off-road capability can be counted on the fingers of a hand. Yes, SUVs with 4×4 that can truly tackle tough terrains and trails are extremely rare and threatened with extinction.
As a matter of fact, a transfer case with an additional set of lower gears is now an endangered species too.
The Defender is one of the few SUVs with serious off-road capabilities.
So when Land Rover stopped the production of the body on ladder frame Defender in 2016, and said they would be introducing a completely new one with a monocoque chassis, there were many of us who feared that this iconic off-roader would also lose some of its all-terrain capability, and become softer too. But to the credit of Land Rover, they proved us skeptics wrong, and the Defender that was introduced in its new «monocoque avatar» at the Frankfurt Motor Show in 2019, adroitly carries forward the «drive anywhere» legacy of its illustrious predecessors.
Though it now has a monocoque chassis, this has by no means affected its off-road performance.
While present day SUVs sport the trademark two box body style and also have a higher stance than sedans and hatchbacks, most are soft-roaders or crossovers, with limited off-road capacity.
Some do come with all-wheel drive, which is in my opinion, an essential requirement in a SUV, but few have a transfer case with an additional set of lower gears.
But the shift to a monocoque platform has resulted in better on road ride comfort and handling.
Given all this, the Land Rover Defender with its tremendous off-roading proficiency, is certainly the «Last of the Mohicans». And amongst the 3 Defenders on offer-the 90, 110 and 130, the Defender 90 is the most fun to drive, both on-road and off-road, and in my view is the one to opt for. But I doubt if most people, particularly Indian buyers, will agree with me. And there are several reasons for this. To start with, there is only a minor difference in the ex-showroom price of the Defender 90 (Rs 80.7 lakhs) and 110 (Rs 82.25 lakhs).
The shorter and lighter Defender 90 is far more nimble and like its ancestors it can rove the land, regardless of conditions.
The Land Rover Defender 90 (4583mm) is also significantly shorter than the 110 (5018mm) and there is a huge difference in their wheelbases — Defender 90 (2587mm) and 110 (3022mm).
This means the Defender 110 has lots more room and also the option of a 5+2 seating configuration. Even with the 5-seater option, the rear seat legroom is 63mm more. Obviously the Defender 110 also has better boot space. So why in the name of heaven, am I saying the Defender 90 is the one to pick?
Its great fun to drive both on paved roads and off-road trails.
Ah, now we are talking. As mentioned, the Defender 90 is much shorter in length, due to which it’s far more nimble. The 90’s turning circle of 11.3 meters is also tighter than the 12.84 metres of the Defender 110. It weighs 119 kgs less than the 110, and this combination of shorter turning circle, tinier overall length and lower weight, makes a massive difference in the driving experience. The Defender 90 is agile and can «Float like a butterfly and sting like a bee». It also accelerates faster and gets to 100 kmph in 7.1 seconds, with the Defender 110 taking 7.4 seconds for this sprint. Thanks to the shorter wheelbase, the 90 has a higher breakover angle of 30.
7 degrees, whereas the Defender 110’s breakover angle is 27.8 degrees. And this difference of almost 3 degrees can be an immense advantage while off-roading, as a higher breakover angle allows the vehicle to traverse a steeper-angled crest or ridge.
The under floor management is very good and the air suspension allows the ground clearance to be increased to 290 mm when required.
After driving the new Defender 90, I was left marveling at how well Land Rover designers and engineers have done in creating this modern version of the iconic Series I, subsequently christened the Defender. The original Land Rover was designed to rove the land, regardless of conditions. And the new recreated or reimagined Defender can clearly do that. It also has the instantly identifiable distinct silhouette, with minimal front and rear overhangs that provide excellent approach and departure angles. The new Defender also has the signature Alpine light windows in the roof and retains the side-hinged rear tailgate and externally-mounted spare wheel that make the original so recognizable.
A vehicle like the Defender allows you to truly go off the beaten path.
The biggest difference of course, and one that had hardcore fans worried was the shift to a monocoque chassis. Land Rover was very conscious of this concern and worked hard to ensure that though the new Defender is based on a lightweight aluminium monocoque construction, it has a stiff body structure. In fact Land Rover says that with a torsional rigidity of 29kNm/Degree, it is three times stiffer than traditional body-on-frame designs. They also claim that this strong foundation provides the perfect basis for the fully independent suspension, twin-speed transfer case and an intelligent all-wheel drive system. The Defender 90 I drove also had electronic air suspension with adaptive dynamics and it completely transforms the on road ride comfort and handling.
To be honest, the earlier ladder on frame Defenders were never really good long distance cruisers or comfortable to travel in, as the ride and handling left much to be desired.
But the move to a monocoque platform and the new suspension system, has worked wonders and now the Defender is actually both agile and comfortable on the road. Never thought I would say that for a Defender.
Fortunately, this has not come at the cost of off-road capability. In fact the air suspension also aids this and when needed, at the push of a button, increases the ground clearance to a maximum height of 290mm. And when required, the «Elegant Arrival» feature automatically lowers the body by 40mm to improve ingress and egress. While driving the Defender off-road, one cannot help but be impressed by the 500mm articulation of each wheel and the Defender’s ability to successfully tackle steep inclines and declines. And when the going gets truly tough, you can engage 4WD Low and use the additional set of lower gears housed in the twin-speed transfer case.
The entire cabin is designed to be practical and comfortable.
There is also a configurable terrain response system that allows both experts and novices to augment traction in all conditions.
The under floor management is also top-class with proper protection for the completely flat underside, which is designed to ensure that no part of the drivetrain gets tangled in obstacles. A center differential and optional active locking rear differential makes sure the Defender has all the hardware to comfortably and confidently, venture off-road. If that is not enough, then chew on this. The Defender has higher ground clearance, deeper water-fording ability, and larger breakover and departure angles, than even the other off-roading icon, the Rambo of off-roading, the Jeep Wrangler.
It’s equipped with several external cameras, which in off-road mode show you things normally hidden by the bonnet.
One feature that I found really useful while off-roading is the All-Terrain Progress Control and ClearSight Ground View 2 technologies, which give you various camera views to choose from. Yes, on the large central touchscreen you can select several external camera angles that show you things normally hidden by the bonnet.
You can even look under the Defender while driving and also see what is in the path of the front wheels. It’s almost like having several additional eyes on the outside to guide and help you determine the ideal course.
With its new monocoque chassis, the Defender has transformed and can now tackle turns in quite an athletic manner.
Another impressive feature is the Defender’s water wade system. Once you select it in the terrain response menu, it automatically moderates the throttle response, sets the climate control to recirculate cabin air, locks the driveline and adjusts the ride height to its off-road setting while triggering the Wade Sensing screen on the infotainment system. This enables drivers to see the depth of surrounding water in real time and provides confidence when driving through deep water. And you can afford to be supremely confident, because the Defender has a world class maximum water wading depth of 900mm! Given how often our cities and even countryside flood now, this is definitely a must have feature.
The Defender has a smart water wade system that shows the depth of the water in real time, and it also has a world class maximum water wading depth of 900 mm.
In conclusion, I must say I really like these new generation Defender’s, not only because they superbly carry the bloodline of their ancestors, but also because they look like them and still retain the off-road capabilities. The Defender also comes with lots of personalization options and various accessory packs, and I particularly like the fact that you can also go in for strong and utilitarian 18-inch white steel rims. Land Rover also offers a proper foldable rooftop tent that sleeps two adults and includes a full-size luxury mattress, pillows, interior LED light, rear canopy and compact aluminium ladder.
The extensive accessory list includes an easy to use rooftop tent for two.
As for the Defender 90, while it makes little practical sense when compared with its bigger siblings, it is certainly more fun and capable both on-road and off-road.
Sometimes, big is not better. Instead, like with the Defender 90, small is definitely more pleasurable and rewarding.
When not in use, the tent can be stowed flat for maximum stability and aerodynamic efficiency while driving.
Price (Ex-Delhi)
Starts Rs 73.98 Lakhs
Displacement
2996cc
Transmission
Automatic
Max Power(ps)
300
Max Torque(Nm)
650
Mileage
-NA-
Price (Ex-Delhi)
Starts Rs 53.9 Lakhs
Displacement
1995cc
Transmission
Automatic
Max Power(ps)
268
Max Torque(Nm)
400
Mileage
-NA-
Subtlety is power! Caliber 0.09, salvo from California:NVIDIA GeForce 7900 GTX/GT (G71),GeForce 7600 GT (G73)
Part 1: Theory and architecture
The more transistors per drawn pixel —
Especially it is anisotropic and anti-aliased
(almost rap)
G71 — all the same, only noticeably better
(a phrase to be verified in the course of the article).
Microsoft Windows Vista is just around the corner, and with it new technologies in 3D. But until this moment, more than six months, and companies continue to master new technical processes, reduce, refine and optimize their profits. Faster, better, cheaper — what is the non-Olympic slogan?
If at the time ATI did pretty well with the transition from 0.15 µm to 0.13 low-k process technology, and new products (RADEON X800 (R420)) had very good characteristics, primarily in terms of power consumption compared to competitors, then starting from 0.11 µm, things didn’t work out for the Canadian company. The R430 was unsuccessful and was discontinued (if we talk about top products). ATI didn’t manage to achieve the top at 0.11, and the transition to 0.09 µm was even more painful. The R520 was delayed by several months, which allowed NVIDIA, which easily switched to the same 0.11 micron process technology, to overtake its rival by releasing the G70 (7800 GTX).
As we saw earlier, the most powerful accelerator ATI X1900 XTX released not so long ago, despite the fact that the core is made according to the 0.
09 micron process technology, gets very hot and has a record power consumption. It has already become customary that the transition to new technical processes is more painful for Canadians, and ultimately leads to a very high cost of graphics cores, which means a significant decrease in profits or reduces flexibility when launching and / or positioning products on the market.
Fighting excess transistor weight and reducing its process technology, NVIDIA, as shown by the investigation below, easily copes with both power consumption and heat dissipation, while not forgetting to deliver excellent performance. Yes, in our time, this very elegant lady has very enviable power qualities. There she is, a serious opponent against RUBY.
Nobody argues that the RADEON X1900 XTX is a colossal power, 48 pixel pipelines are not childish pranks. And it may very well be that in the near future we are waiting for games where this computing potential will become in demand. Then no one will catch up with RUBY in her swift jump.
But who knows what is better: an enviable potential, along with huge heat dissipation and power consumption, or a product with a less modest potential, but quiet and much less demanding on the power of the power supply … And most importantly, much cheaper in terms of cost. And how to compare the potentials: no one knows what will be most in demand in six months, and even more so in a year. Numbers, around only numbers and guesses: 48 and 16 or 24 and 24 … Which is better?
Our material will help you understand a little (for yourself) this confrontation. We have already studied the RADEON X1900/1800 XT/XTX, today a new guard from NVIDIA has been released. She also promises to show interesting moments, and even records.
We pass the floor to our colleague Alexander Medvedev, he will tell about the new products:
Quite a bit of time has passed since the announcement of the RADEON X1900 (R580), a solution not as controversial as the R520, and even claiming to be the leader, when NVIDIA decided to add another carnation into the vagueness of ATI’s market prospects this season.
No one disputes that ATI is technologically at the forefront of graphics acceleration, but will its steps be successful in terms of commercial return and recognition among the masses of buyers?
NVIDIA announced two new chips today. The highlight is the 90nm (=0.09µm) technology — and now it is not ATI’s prerogative. One of the chips is a top-level solution, although it is called G71, but it is actually positioned as a stronger solution than the G70 (under the brand name GeForce 7900). Next, we will discuss this fact in detail. The second new chip — G73 (branded as GeForce 7600) — is a cropped version of the G71, designed to seriously move all competitors in the middle price segment, especially in terms of price-performance ratio. So, without further ado, let’s get to the specs:
Specifications for the
families GeForce 7900 (codename G71)
and GeForce 7600 (G73)
Before reading, we recommend that you carefully read the basic materials DX Current, DX Next and Longhorn, which describe various aspects of modern hardware graphics accelerators in general, and the architectural features of products NVIDIA and ATI in particular.
Information about NVIDIA’s flagship architecture and the previous G70 chip can be found in the corresponding article:
NVIDIA GeForce 7800 GTX (G70).
And now, the specifications of the new product:
Official specifications of the GeForce 7900
- Chip code name G71
- 90 nm technology (proposed manufacturer TSMC)
- 279 million transistors (attention, less than the G70 FC package!) 00047 flip-chip, flipped chip without metal cover)
- 256 bit memory interface (4-channel controller)
- Up to 1 gigabyte GDDR-3 memory
- PCI Express 16x bus interface
- 24 Pixel processors, one texture unit each, with arbitrary filtering of integer and floating FP16 textures (including anisotropy, degrees up to 16x inclusive) and free normalization of FP16 vectors (improved compared to NV4X — increased number of ALUs, possibly effective performing a MAD operation).
- 8 vertex processors, one texture unit each, no filtering of selected values (discrete sampling).
- Calculate, blend and record up to 16 full (color, depth, pattern buffer) pixels per clock
- Calculate and write up to 32 depth and pattern buffer values per clock (when no color operations are performed)
- Support for «two-sided» pattern buffer
- Support for special geometry rendering optimizations to speed up shadow algorithms based on the pattern buffer and hardware shadow maps ( so-called Ultra Shadow II technology)
- Everything needed to support pixel and vertex shaders version 3.0, including dynamic branching in pixel and vertex processors, selection of texture values from vertex processors, etc.
- FP16 floating texture filtering.
- Hardware texture filtering is not supported in vertex shaders, only value sampling without filtering is available.
- Floating framebuffer supported (including blending operations in FP16 component format and only recording in FP32 format)
- MRT (Multiple Render Targets)
- both DualLink up to 2560×1600, interfaces are integrated into G71 and external interface chips are not needed)
- TV-Out and HDTV-Out interfaces built into accelerator chip
- TV-In interface (requires separate interface chip for video capture) , sufficient for high-quality HDTV deinterlacing.
Full hardware acceleration of H.264 (!), WMV-HD, etc. - 2D accelerator with full GDI+ functionality
- Support for important special features of the Longhorn graphics driver model (extent of support not yet known)
- SLI and Quad-SLI support
GeForce 7900 GTX reference card specs
- 650 MHz core clock (pixel processors and blending)
- 700 MHz vertex clock
- effective memory clock (2*1.6 GHz 800 MHz)
- Memory type GDDR-3, 1.1 ns (standard frequency up to 2*900 MHz)
- Memory size 512 MB
- Memory bandwidth 51.2 GB/sec.
- Theoretical maximum fill rate 10.4 gigapixels per second.
- Theoretical texture fetch rate is 15.6 gigatexels per second.
- Two DVI-I connectors (DualLink — support for 1920×1200 and 2560×1600)
- SLI connector
- PCI-Express 16x bus
- TV-Out, HDTV-Out, HDCP support 70-80 watts, but the exact data is not declared).
- Predicted price range $649-$499
- Competitors: RADEON X1900 XTX and XT
GeForce 79 reference card specifications00 GT
- Core frequency 450 MHz (pixel processors and blending)
- Vertex unit frequency 470 MHz
- Effective memory frequency 1.
32 GHz (2*660 MHz) - Memory type GDDR-3, 1.4ns (standard frequency) up to 2*700 MHz)
- Memory capacity 256 megabytes
- Memory bandwidth 42.2 gigabytes per second.
- Theoretical maximum fill rate 7.2 gigapixels per second.
- Theoretical texture fetch rate is 10.8 gigatexels per second.
- Two DVI-I connectors (DualLink — support for 1920×1200 and 2560×1600)
- SLI connector
- PCI-Express 16x bus
- TV-Out, HDTV-Out, HDCP support -60 watts, but the exact data is not declared).
- Predicted price range $399-$249
- Competitors: RADEON X1800 XL and GTO0 nm and with minor changes (highlighted in blue). Although, wait — what about the minor ones? — Why have transistors become noticeably smaller? Will it affect speed?
Looking ahead, we note that it will not affect. It is possible that a certain number of blocks were reserved in the G70 (for example, there were not 6 quad pixel processors, but 7 or 8 and not 8 vertex processors, but 9 or 10) to increase the yield of good chips or even a potential Ultra version, if only ATI once released something overwhelming in terms of performance.
In the new G71, blocks seem to be out of stock — either the yield at 90nm production is so good, or NVIDIA can afford more rejects (since the cost of the chip has fallen due to the significantly smaller area). Another answer to this question — significant optimization — is also likely, but less so, since it is difficult to reduce the number of transistors by 25 million without any loss in speed with exactly the same architecture. But, it may be possible, we will not reject such a version right away. So, the indirect reasons point to a high yield and the absence of production problems, as well as a noticeably lower cost of the new chip compared to the G70. Thus, its code number — G71 — becomes and is clear — the chip is really simpler in terms of transistors, although in the end it is faster due to the higher frequency — a paradox.
So, from the point of view of architecture, there are all the same features and the same number of active blocks. That is, everything will be determined by the clock frequency, which is noticeably higher, and the price, which, thanks to thinner technology and fewer transistors, can potentially drop noticeably lower than in the case of the G70.
Typical consumption of the GeForce 7800 was, as we know, less than 100 watts, and the new card heats up much less. For comparison, the consumption of the X1900 XT is about 120 watts, which is almost twice as high. This is also noticeable in practice — just touch the cards (not during operation, it is dangerous, but after a short time after the system is turned off). The chip area is noticeably smaller than the competitor from ATI (R580) and the previous flagship NVIDIA (G70):
Let’s pay attention to two integrated DualLink DVI interfaces — the time of external interface chips has gone into oblivion and the same 400 MHz specification on RAMDAC — and why more, because analog monitors have long ceased development.
Another interesting innovation is Quad-SLI technology. The astute reader will guess its purpose by its name, and we will discuss it in more detail later.
Declares hardware support for H.264 and other latest generation video compression standards designed for HD, blue beam, and others.
new chips — NV42, 43, etc. it will also be included in new drivers. In addition to decoding, they promise once again an improved deinterlacing algorithm and a new post-processing with increased clarity and improved color reproduction. Let’s wait and see — even more materials in HD quality would be produced, there is already something to lose on, but here’s what … GeForce 7600 official specifications
- Chip code name G73
- 90nm technology (reputed manufacturer TSMC)
- ~150 million transistors
- FC package (flip-chip, flip-chip, no metal interface) 904 8 bit 904 memory (dual-channel controller)
- Up to 512 MB GDDR-3 memory
- PCI Express 16x bus interface
- 16x inclusive) and free normalization of FP16 vectors (improved compared to NV4X — increased number of ALUs, efficient MAD operation possible).
- 5 vertex processors, one texture unit each, no filtering of selected values (discrete sampling).
- Calculate, blend and write up to 8 full (color, depth, pattern buffer) pixels per clock
- Calculate and store up to 16 depth and pattern buffer values per clock (when no color operations are performed)
- Double-sided buffer support templates
- Support for special geometry rendering optimizations to accelerate shadow algorithms based on the template buffer and hardware shadow maps (so-called Ultra Shadow II technology)
- Everything needed to support pixel and vertex shaders version 3.0, including dynamic branching in pixel and vertex processors, selecting texture values from vertex processors, etc.
- FP16 floating texture filtering.
- Hardware texture filtering is not supported in vertex shaders, only value sampling without filtering is available.
- Floating framebuffer supported (including blending operations in FP16 component format and only recording in FP32 format)
- MRT (Multiple Render Targets — rendering to multiple buffers)
- 2 × RAMDAC 400 MHz
- 2 × DVI interfaces (both DualLink up to 2560×1600, interfaces are integrated into the G73 and external interface chips are not needed)
- TV-Out and HDTV -Out interfaces are built into the accelerator chip
- TV-In interface (requires a separate interface chip for video capture)
- Programmable hardware video stream processor (for video compression, decompression and post-processing tasks), new generation, with sufficient performance for high-quality HDTV deinterlacing.
Full hardware acceleration of H.264 (!), WMV-HD, etc. - 2D accelerator with support for all GDI+ features
- Support for important special features of the Longhorn graphics driver model (degree of support not yet known)
- Support for SLI and Quad-SLI technology
GeForce 7600 GT reference card specifications
- MHz Core frequency
- MHz (pixel processors and blending)
- Vertex unit frequency 560 MHz
- Effective memory frequency 1.4 GHz (2*700 MHz)
- Memory type GDDR-3, 1.4ns (standard frequency up to 2*700 MHz)
- Memory capacity 256 megabytes
- Memory bandwidth 22.4 gigabytes per second.
- Theoretical maximum fill rate 4.48 gigapixels per second.
- Theoretical texture fetch rate is 6.72 gigatexels per second.
- Two DVI-I connectors (DualLink — support for 1920×1200 and 2560×1600)
- SLI connector
- 16x PCI-Express bus
- TV-Out, HDTV-Out, HDCP support 60 watts, but the exact data is not declared).
- Predicted price range $229-$179
- Competitors: RADEON X1600 XT
Differences from G71 are marked in blue. So, it is obvious that G73 is almost even (except for 5 vertex blocks instead of 4) half of G71. Both in terms of the memory controller and the pixel part. However, even here it is necessary to make some amendments — according to our research, the G73 physically has 16 pixel processors, not 12 (that is, there are 4 quads). One quad is left to fight for the release of suitable chips or (what the market is not joking with) to release a solution with 16 pixel blocks that can respond to new competition in the niche. The chip is smaller in area than NV43 — but many times more productive!!! (left NV43 right G73)
Codename G74 has not yet been used — apparently, an even more inexpensive reincarnation of G71 can be released under this name if necessary, and it can also be aimed at 20 or 16 pixel pipelines. Let’s wait and see, looking ahead — so far NVIDIA has nothing to worry about in this area and the G73 in its current 12-pipeline incarnation is more than enough.
The bottom line is that the G73 looks VERY attractive, and its competitiveness is no doubt here and now, after reading the specs and before any practical tests. Further we will find numerous practical confirmations of these words.
Quad-SLI — SUV marketing fields
So, the new old technology is SLI for four chips. Of course, such solutions have existed before, for example, in industrial simulators for pilot training or, perhaps, in gaming machines. However, this is the first time we are dealing with such technology on a typical consumer PC. And also, with a dual-chip GeForce-based card from NVIDIA inserted into one slot. These cards will have a special «GT2» suffix.
Of course, there was no point in making Quad-SLI a solution for four full-fledged PCI-E 16x slots — such motherboards would be too exotic, and buying four identical cards looks unjustified even in the case of linear performance growth. NVIDIA’s decision looks more reasonable — to release cards with two chips, which in itself is an SLI solution, and allow two such dual-chip cards to be installed in an SLI-supporting motherboard. Thus, NVIDIA kills two birds with one stone — it offers a single SLI solution on one card, as well as the ability to upgrade it to Quad-SLI by installing a second similar card. There is no doubt that the performance will be high, and sometimes record breaking. In the future, we will devote a separate material to Quad-SLI and examine its speed in various applications in detail. For now, we note that only the low power consumption and heat dissipation of the G71 (as well as the low cost, let’s not forget about this factor) made it possible to release such a two-chip flagship card. Since neither the G70 nor the R580 would allow physically creating such a card within the framework of modern PC specifications for power consumption and heat generation.
The card consists of a base and daughter cards, occupies a width of two slots and, when operating in Quad-SLI mode, is connected by two links to an adjacent dual-chip card. Thus, we get the topology of a square — both card chips are connected to each other and each is connected to another chip of the adjacent card.
In addition, each dual-chip card has a PCI-E x16 bridge that provides arbitration and system access to both accelerators.
The work is built as before — there are three modes of joint work — AFR (interleaving the calculation of frames between accelerators), zonal rendering (the screen is now divided into 4 zones) and SLI-AA — using accelerators to calculate different AA samples within one pixel. In addition, it becomes logical to combine modes — for example, 2xAFR from two dual-zone frames (frame interleaving, each of which is built by the SLI method of zone separation) or zone separation of 2x SLI-AA, etc. There can be many combinations, no new architectural changes are needed for this, various features are already included in SLI, and the driver controls the combination. As before, optimal settings for applications can be selected, both by the user and pre-set. Once again, NVIDIA emphasizes that the number of such recognized SLI applications is much higher than in the case of ATI CrossFire and that, unlike ATI, no special master card is required — all NVIDIA cards with SLI support are ready to work together, and all GT2 (Quad-SLI) cards can work with each other.
Mobile Issues
Interestingly, the G71’s low power consumption justified the wide mobile use of this chip, and moreover, opened the way for such exotic solutions as SLI notebooks! A photo of the motherboard of such a notebook showing two accelerators based on the mobile G71 (GeForce Go 7900):
Soon we will see announcements of various G7900 Go-based solutions from leading notebook manufacturers, including SLI solutions. Of course, the clock frequency of the chip will be lower than in desktop versions, especially with autonomous power supply, but even in the most compact laptops, where such powerful graphics will appear for the first time, it will be about 375 for the core (GeForce Go 7900 GS) and 500 (GeForce Go 7900 GTX) MHz. Which is comparable in performance with modern desktop solutions based on the GeForce 7800, that is, it lags behind desktop PCs by only half a year.
Yes, the obvious margin is obvious — there is no doubt that if NVIDIA is needed, then more powerful desktop solutions will appear.
How to calculate ALU or a few thoughts about R580
Recently there has been a lot of confusion related to the change in approaches to building pixel processors. If before everything was quite simple and isolated — here is a pipeline, one per quad (four pixels), it has a TMU and then, say, two ALUs in a row:
4 *( TMU -> VecALU -> VecALU )
and thus for a cycle for four pixels it can make one texture sampling and two vector mathematical operations (at best) now this description scheme is still applicable to the G7X, but no longer applicable to the R5XX family.
For now the texture units are moved aside, and the computational ALUs exist separately. It can be stated that the number of pixel processors is the number of texture units. It is possible — and so it will be more profitable for the manufacturer — that this is the number of arithmetic ALUs. Although, to be honest, this is rather the number of quads that are independently processed by different operations at one point in time, and more precisely, the processor is now ONE, and its width (the ability to perform a certain number of operations at a time) is the characteristic that needs to be operated on.
The concept of a traditional pixel pipeline has been fragmented into parts, and is losing its single meaning, the only thing you can cling to for an adequate comparison is the number of texture and arithmetic operations per clock, on the one hand, and the number of pixels that can be written at the output of the pixel part — with another. At the same time, as in the CPU, the concept of efficiency appears — after all, not always all blocks will be loaded at 100% and, say, ALUs in the R580 will often be idle waiting for data from texture units.
Now more specifically — it’s hard to say whether it is really possible to process 12 independent quads in the R580, that is, the configuration takes place:
4 * TMU -> [conductor] 12 * ( 4*VecALU ),
as stated, or there is a more reasonable configuration from the point of view of the chip design:
4 * TMU -> [conductor] 4 * ( VecALU -> VecALU -> VecALU )
2 ALUs in G7X)?
It is difficult to verify this fact, but we will try to do it in the future.
For now, we note that NVIDIA has a scheme in this notation:
6 * ( 4*TMU -> VecALU -> VecALU )
and judging in a good way, the ratio of operations in the shader, which is optimal for the chip, differs not three times, but :
- 1 TEX to 2 MATH for NVIDIA G7X
- 1 TEX to 3 MATH for R580
At the same time, ATI efficiency depends much less on conditions and transitions, since the latent texture units are placed aside and can work independently, but much more dependent on the shader code! More specifically, how efficiently it compiles and how well it separates math instructions from texture instructions. If our assumption of 16 real units with three cascaded ALUs is correct, then this fact will only be strengthened.
Besides, don’t forget about a side fact — temporary registers are critical for NVIDIA, the more of them, the lower the efficiency, but not for ATI.
Nowadays it makes no sense to talk about the number of pixel processors, just as in the case of the CPU it makes no sense to talk about the number of instructions per clock — there are only maximum limits (N texture fetches and M ALU operations).
But, in addition, the efficiency of loading these blocks also plays a role, which depends on the shader and the architecture of the control logic of the pixel part. In addition, there is also an upper limit — the number of pixels that can be written to the framebuffer in one clock cycle.
In the final: From this point of view, the optimal ratio of operations looks like 1:2 for G7X and 1:3 for ATI. In addition, we know that ATI is more demanding on shader code in terms of their complexity (doesn’t like simple shaders), but is less dependent on transitions and branches. We also know that ATI has 16 pipelines and NVIDIA has 24, which largely equalizes their chances on average shaders and makes NVIDIA a favorite on simple ones. Everything else will show the tests.
G71 and G73 architecture
Due to the absence of changes, we omit this part, everything said in the GeForce 7800 review remains valid. !NVIDIA GeForce 7900 GTX/GT (G71), GeForce 7600 GT (G73) — Part 2: Graphics card features and synthetic tests
PATRIOT GT 520 IMPERIAL pressure washer 322306020
Description
Review
Characteristics
Guarantee
Spare parts
PATRIOT GT 520 IMPERIAL pressure washer 322306020 — easy to use and maintain.
Designed for washing bicycles, motorcycles and cars. It comes with a lightweight closed-form plastic gun, an adjustable nozzle, a shampoo tank and a filter.
Download manual
Contents :
- High pressure washer 1 pc.
- Lance nozzle spray 1 pc.
- Adjustable gun 1 pc.
- High pressure hose 1 pc.
- Filter 1 pc.
- Cleaning needle 1 pc.
- Instruction manual 1 pc.
- Pack of 1
| Power type | electric |
| Network parameters, V/Hz | 220/50 |
Max. power, kWt
|
1.9 |
| Max. productivity, l/h | 420 |
| Max. working pressure, bar | 100 |
Max. system pressure, bar
|
120 |
| Max. inlet water temperature, °C | 40 |
| pump material | aluminum |
| Detergent tank volume, l |
0. 75
|
| Presence of water heating | No |
| The presence of a pressure gauge | No |
| The presence of wheels | Yes |
| Possibility of water intake | Yes |
| Hose length, m | 6 |
| Cable length, m | 2 |
| Dimensions without packaging (LxWxH), mm | 353x282x782 |
| Net weight, kg |
7. 5
|
| Gross weight, kg | 8.35 |
Factory warranty
The warranty covers defects in products supplied by TSSP Kazakhstan caused by defective material or workmanship. The warranty covers only defects revealed within the warranty period specified by the Agreement, but not more than 12 (twelve) months from the date of delivery. The factory warranty is only valid if the product is used for the purposes for which it was designed and if the product is put into service, used and maintained in accordance with the original manufacturer’s instructions and operating instructions.
Warranty covers repair by qualified service personnel authorized by TSSP Kazakhstan of any defect covered by the manufacturer’s warranty. The warranty also covers the cost of spare parts and labor required to replace or repair a defective product.
Special Warranty Terms, Exclusions and Limitations
A number of types and models of equipment are subject to special warranty terms from manufacturers or from TSSP Kazakhstan.
Please check before purchasing if any special terms, exclusions or limitations apply to the product you have selected.
The credo of our service is extremely simple and capacious: “Technology must work”.
In Nur-Sultan (Astana), Almaty, Shymkent, Atyrau and Ust-Kamenogorsk there are service centers with masters for repair work in the workshop and on the road. Division by specialization allows us to grow and develop specialized service specialists who are able to quickly resolve issues related to the repair and maintenance of equipment.
In preparation for the promotion of the equipment line, we carry out preliminary work on the selection and formation of a warehouse of spare parts for maintenance and repair. More than 5,000 items of spare parts are stored in the warehouses of TSSP Kazakhstan, and we work tirelessly to improve the quality of the warehouse and ensure the constant availability of critical items for the smooth operation of our customers.
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3.2 sec. 575 HP 
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