Displayport gaming monitor: Computer parts, laptops, electronics, and more

Which Is Best for Gaming?

HDMI and DisplayPort have become two of the most popular connectors for linking your display to your PC. Both technologies have continued to evolve throughout the years, providing high bandwidth transfers at sub-millisecond latencies.

The newer versions of HDMI and DisplayPort have become so advanced that most consumers won’t even use them at their maximum capacity. However, if you’re a gamer whose aim is for the best possible gaming experience, choosing the right connector is absolutely necessary. Let’s dive in.

What Is HDMI?

To answer which connector is best suited for gaming, it is important that you first understand what both connectors have got to offer. Let’s start with HDMI since it’s the first to come out of the market.

HDMI, or High Definition Multimedia Interface, is a popular all-around connector used for media consumption, productivity, and gaming. HDMI connectors are composed of 19 pins capable of transmitting video, audio, and Ethernet data.

Image Credit: Mobius/Wikimedia Commons

There are five types of HDMI connectors, but since we’re mainly talking about gaming, we will focus on the standard Type-A HDMI.

Since HDMI has been in the market since 2003, it has undergone many updates, making HDMI faster and better each time. To know which version of HDMI suites your needs, here is a table of the latest versions and their capabilities (up to May 2022):

Version

Resolution

Refresh Rate

Bandwidth

HDMI 1.4

4K (4096 x 2160 pixels)

24 Hz

10.2 Gbps

HDMI 2.0

4K (4096 x 2160 pixels)

60 Hz

18 Gbps

HDMI 2.1

4K (3840 x 2190 pixels), 10K (10240 × 4320 pixels)

144 Hz, 120 Hz

48 Gbps

Aside from types and variations of connectors, HDMI also has four different cables, which significantly differ in performance and features. These cables would be:

  • Standard HDMI Cable-Most basic cable type, suitable for 1080i gaming.
  • Standard HDMI plus Ethernet-A capable 1080i gaming cable with Ethernet support.
  • High-Speed HDMI Cable-Supports higher resolutions besides 1080p.
  • High-Speed HDMI Cable plus Ethernet-Capable high-resolution gaming cable with Ethernet support.

HDMI with high-speed cables are capable gaming connectors. They support AMD’s FreeSync technology, capable of 1080p to 10K gaming (if supported), and provide a high-speed 100Mbps Ethernet connection for downloading games and easy cable management.

Some of the biggest downsides to using HDMI for gaming are its lack of G-Sync support, lower performances for cables more than two meters, and the lack of multi-monitor support.

Note that gaming consoles like the Xbox Series X and PlayStation 5 only support HDMI. So this comparison only really applies to PC gamers.

What Is DisplayPort?

DisplayPort is yet another popular connector primarily used in PCs. DisplayPort looks like an HDMI but with locking mechanisms and a 20-pin connector that can transmit both video and audio.

Image Credit: Woookie/Wikimedia Commons

There are two types of DisplayPort: Standard DisplayPort and Mini DisplayPort. DisplayPort has also been in the market for over a decade now, which is why it has several variations. Here is a table of the most recent ones (up to May 2022):

Version

Resolution

Refresh Rate

Number of Display

Bandwidth

DisplayPort 1.2

4K (3840 x 2190 pixels)

60 Hz

2

17.28 Gbps

DisplayPort 1.3

4K (3840 x 2190 pixels), 8K(7680 × 4320 pixels)

120 Hz, 30 Hz

2,2

32. 4 Gbps

DisplayPort 1.4

4K (3840 x 2190 pixels), 8K (7680 × 4320 pixels)

120 Hz, 60 Hz

2, 2

32.4 Gbps

DisplayPort 2.0

4K (3840 x 2190 pixels), 8K (7680 × 4320 pixels),10K (10240 × 4320), 16K (15360 × 8640)

144 Hz, 120 Hz, 30 Hz, 30 Hz

3, 2, 2, 2

77.37 Gbps

DisplayPort is currently the most popular gaming connector in the market. It offers support for both G-Sync and FreeSync, support for 240Hz gaming at lower resolutions, 4K HDR gaming at 144 Hz, and support for multi-monitor setup.

Which Connector Is Best for Gaming?

As you can see, both DisplayPort and HDMI are capable connectors suitable for gaming. But if you’re playing popular FPS titles at higher resolutions, having the right connector will save you from any performance loss.

So, which connector is best suited for gaming? Without a doubt, it’s the DisplayPort!

DisplayPort is the best gaming connector in the market because of its optimized versatility aimed at gamers. Its support for both FreeSync and G-Sync allows a wide variety of gamers to enjoy adaptive sync technology. If your gaming rig uses NVIDIA graphics, then you really don’t have an option: either use DisplayPort or have a cable bottleneck.

DisplayPort’s support for multi-screen monitors is also a big plus for many gaming rigs that double as personal workstations. As a multi-monitor setup helps with productivity and streaming, and can be a separate monitor to chat with friends, play music, peek at user profiles, and look up game guides online.

Get the Best Gaming Experience With DisplayPort

Now that you know why DisplayPort is the best gaming connector, keep in mind that changing your cables from HDMI to DisplayPort doesn’t necessarily mean better gaming performance. Cables and connectors cannot add performance that your current PC build doesn’t already have.

But if you do have a capable gaming rig, then hopefully, this article convinces you to switch to DisplayPort and enjoy all the performance your gaming rig can provide.

DisplayPort vs HDMI | PC Gamer

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Where should you stand on the DisplayPort vs HDMI debate? Depending on the specs of your rig and monitor resolution, it’s not always easy to know which you ought to pick. Is it even worth using a DVI cable anymore? Go deep enough and it’s easy to get lost in specifications, version numbers, and other hardware trivia.

Fortunately, there is a definite hierarchy for gamers when it comes to picking video ports. The simple answer is that you should probably be using a DisplayPort cable to connect your graphics card to your monitor. It offers the best bandwidth and full support for adaptive refresh features like G-Sync and FreeSync.

Of course, the longer answer is that sometimes another cable will serve you better. Some video cards won’t have the right port, and some monitors won’t be able to display the best signal, so it’s a good idea to know the pecking order and best alternatives.  

Below we’ve broken down the advantages and disadvantages of HDMI, DisplayPort, and DVI, and what their various specifications are capable of.

Full-size DisplayPort (left) and Mini-DisplayPort (right) support the exact same features. (Image credit: Future)

DisplayPort: The first choice

For reasons practical and otherwise, DisplayPort is the first choice for hooking up a monitor to a PC. You won’t find these ports on TV sets or non-computer gear, but they are regularly found on modern graphics cards and gaming laptops. 

DisplayPort’s superior bandwidth has given it the edge over HDMI at each step of the standard’s evolution. Even the earliest 1.0 and 1.1 versions support 144Hz refresh rates at 1080p, along with audio. Version 1.3 upped the speed to 26 GBps.

Although VESA announced DisplayPort 2.0 in 2019, the current, widely used version is DisplayPort 1.4. This version supports HDR, compression, and 32-channel audio support. This swift data rate allows 4K resolutions to enjoy 120Hz and 144Hz refresh rates, although the latter requires the new SDC compression modes enabled. It supports up to 8K resolution at 60Hz.

Traditionally Nvidia’s G-Sync also required DisplayPort, and while AMD’s FreeSync is supported over some HDMI connections, adaptive sync technology has been baked as an option into the DisplayPort standard since 1.2a so adaptive sync DisplayPort monitors are much easier to find.

Nvidia has now decided to open up some G-Sync screens to variable refresh rate over HDMI, but only on newer models, with the firmware not made available to update older G-Sync panels.

Attaching multiple displays is also more flexible with DisplayPort, since Thunderbolt-style daisy chaining is possible. This is a boon for productivity tasks, although gamers beware since this style of multi-monitor connection shares bandwidth between screens.

USB-C connectors also output video over the DisplayPort standard, which makes it easy to output video from a laptop or Android phone with an adapter to the typical DP plug (or HDMI).

Next generation DisplayPort, version 2. 0, has already been finalized and bumps bandwidth to a massive 77 GBps, enabling uncompressed 4K at 240Hz, 5K at 180Hz, compressed modes supporting up to 16K at 60Hz. It’ll be a while before displays you can actually buy catch up.

What kind of cable do you need?

The newest versions of the DisplayPort standard (most people still use 1.4) require new hardware in your graphics card and monitor, but no changes in the cable. Any generic DisplayPort cable you buy will be future proof. Though quality can vary.

When is the next update expected?

At CES 2019, VESA announced DisplayPort 2.0. It’s been almost three years and the new standard hasn’t been properly adopted by monitor and graphics card manufacturers yet. The ongoing pandemic has halted its development and it’s still unclear when the 2.0 version will start making its way out into the public.

Micro, Mini, and full-size HDMI. All three connectors support the same features. (Image credit: Snowkids)

HDMI: Made for the living room first

Found pretty much everywhere, HDMI is handy and cheap, but comes with some compromises compared to DisplayPort 2.0. HDMI 2.1, the latest standard, supports 48 GBps of bandwidth, up from 2.0’s 18 GBps. That’s significantly lower than the upcoming DisplayPort 2.0. The new HDMI version supports compressed 4K at 144Hz, 1080p at 240Hz, and 1440p at 385Hz. That would be great news for PC gamers, but not every monitor supports high refresh rates, so your results may vary.

HDMI 2.0a and 2.0b arrived several years back and largely match DisplayPort’s abilities, although at a lower peak bandwidth of 18 GBps, so 4K is limited to 60Hz. It’s still find for people with current video cards.

Version 2.1 HDMI is pretty common in high end TVs and monitors, since it’s required for the best HDR support. This makes HDMI 2.1 the perfect connector pick for people looking to game at high refresh rates or 4K resolutions with living room PCs on big screen displays, since the standard supports 4K at 144Hz and 1080p at 240Hz.

What kind of cable do you need? 

There are a number of HDMI cable variants, but the one you want is a Ultra High Speed HDMI cable. This will definitely work with 4K displays and support the full bandwidth of HDMI 2.1. Or, you know, you could get a fully RGB HDMI cable, which has decent 18Gbps specs and bright colors. Sweet. 

When is the next update expected? 

HDMI 2.1 is widely available now, but HDMI 2.1a is on the horizon. While it’s a minor update, 2.1a introduces Source-Based Tone Mapping, or SBTM. SBTM is an improvement on existing HDR technology that offloads HDR tone mapping to your computer, set-top box, or console. It’s all about letting something other than your television do the optimization work for HDR.

A dual-link DVI cable has a full set of pins, like this one. (Image credit: Darkwisper / Getty)

DVI: Don’t bury me, I’m not quite dead

DVI connectors are starting to be completely phased out on most desktop video cards. Everyone has moved onto HDMI and DisplayPort. DVI connectors are huge, clunky, require yesteryear screw twists to fasten, and generally don’t include audio signals, but they do support the sweet-spot 144Hz, 1080p resolution for many older gaming setups. They also support up to 2560×1600 at 60Hz, opening up 1440p which remains a useful productivity resolution. 

Evolving as a transition connector of sorts from the dreaded VGA days of the 1990s, DVI comes in myriad versions including a throwback analog variant along with single- and dual-link varieties. Most DVI cables you buy today will be the high-bandwidth dual-link versions, but if you go hunting for a quick replacement in a junk drawer, make sure there’s a full field of pins in the cable’s connectors or you’ll be limited to the lower 1920×1200 resolution and refresh rates of the single link DVI standard. 

After a 23-year run, DVI’s life as a connector standard is drawing to a close so consider it a short-term solution to get the best out of your hardware today, since everything else uses something newer.

 What kind of cable do you need? 

For 1440p and high refresh, dual-link DVI cables are your friend.

When is the next update expected? 

Actually, no it really is dead, Jim.

Only use when required. (Image credit: Future)

One final point; while adapters exist for most cable mismatches, tread carefully since additional connectors can introduce problems such as a lost or blinking video signal or HDCP errors. Even if everything works perfectly, you’ll be limited to the slower port’s standards. 

For DisplayPort adapters, both active and passive versions are available when matching ports aren’t built into the target display. In these situations, active adapters are preferred since they allow full support of multi-display features, such as triple monitor arrangements, although you can save a few dollars with passive adapters if you never plan on using more than two displays at once.

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Tyler has covered games, games culture, and hardware for over a decade before joining PC Gamer as Associate Editor. He’s done in-depth reporting on communities and games as well as criticism for sites like Polygon, Wired, and Waypoint. He’s interested in the weird and the fascinating when it comes to games, spending time probing for stories and talking to the people involved. Tyler loves sinking into games like Final Fantasy 14, Overwatch, and Dark Souls to see what makes them tick and pluck out the parts worth talking about. His goal is to talk about games the way they are: broken, beautiful, and bizarre.

Armada 25 FHD

Gaming Monitor

Armada 25″ FHD Gaming Monitor

  • Introduction
  • Reviews
  • Features
  • Specifications

Buy

The

HyperX Armada Gaming Monitors are the first gaming monitors to include an ergonomic arm that comes with the monitor.

Save yourself the hassle of looking for a compatible desktop mount and spend that time dominating your game with Armada’s 25,240Hz refresh rate and 1ms response time. This kind of quick reaction is made for shooters and competitive games, where split seconds can change the balance between victory and defeat. When you have more time to fully enjoy the scenery, you’ll get Full HD resolution with vibrant colors. Enhance your gaming experience even further with NVIDIA® G-SYNC®4 technology that eliminates screen tearing, stuttering and input lag.

Benefit from the versatility and versatility of the HyperX Armada 25 gaming monitor with an ergonomic mounting that creates space on your desktop.

  • All-in-one package: desktop mount included
  • 24.5″ Full HD (1920×1080) IPS gaming monitor
  • Focused on performance for competitive players
  • refresh rate 240Hz
  • response time 1 ms.
  • NVIDIA® G-SYNC® Technology
All-in-One Package: Desk Mount Kit

Don’t waste days looking for a compatible mount! Armada takes care of that with a sturdy, ergonomic arm and desktop mount. Just slide it in from the back and lift up the monitor to free up desk space!

240Hz refresh rate and 1ms response time

High 240Hz refresh rate and 1ms response time provide smoother and faster image display, which can give you an edge over the competition.

24.5-inch 1920×1080 IPS panel

Enjoy stunning Full HD picture quality with vivid and accurate colors. The IPS panel looks good even at wide angles, making it ideal for a multi-monitor setup.

Compatible with NVIDIA® G-SYNC®

Eliminate annoying screen tearing and reduce stuttering and input lag with NVIDIA® G-SYNC® and its variable refresh rate.

Panel size

Display type

Viewing angle

Resolution

Maximum refresh rate

Display features

Refresh rate range

Contrast ratio

Brightness

Compatibility

  • Specifications
Display Armada 25 FHD
Display type IPS
Viewing angle 178°
Approval FHD (1920 x 1080)
Maximum update rate 240 Hz
Display features NVIDIA G-SYNC™; Matt surface finish
Contrast 1000:1
Brightness 400
Input connectors HDMI 2. 0 — 2 pcs.; DisplayPort™ 1.4 x 1
Dimensions 557.4 x 61.2 x 330.2 mm
Weight 2.9 kg.
Compatible PC, PlayStation, Xbox X|S, Nintendo Switch
Monitor mount
VESA Mount 100 x 100 mm.
Permissible display weight ≤ 9.1 kg. on bracket
Permissible display diagonal up to 32″
Hinge Angle –25° ≈ +60°
Angle of joint rotation ±90°
Angle of joint ±90°
Bracket rotation angle ±180°
Allowable bracket height adjustments 312±5 mm.
Allowable column height adjustments 255 mm.
Worktop thickness 15 — 50 mm.
Bracket assembly dimensions 547 x447 x 130 mm.
Weight 4.8 kg.
What’s in the box Gaming Monitor, Monitor Arm, Quick Start Guide, Red HyperX DisplayPort 1.4 Cable x 1, Black HDMI 2.0 Cable x 1, Power Cord x 1, VESA Mount Bracket x 1, Mounting Bracket Screws x 4 ., VESA screws for monitor x 4, mounting plates x 2, 1 pc. bush fixing screw, 2 hex keys
vendor code
HyperX Armada 25 FHD 64V62AA
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DP, HDMI, USB-C Alt-Mode & cables… / Sudo Null IT News

Lydybr: I recently upgraded myself a bit and got a 4k@144Hz monitor. Of course , at 144Hz it did not work with half a kick. And with a bunch of laptops and USB-C cables, too. Because is the nuance of . I had to dive deeper into this than I would have liked…
My old graphics card on the computer managed to get it running at 4k @ 60Hz using Display Port. (Either 2k @ 144Hz). I tried plugging a laptop into the monitor (all 5 pieces that I and my friends found) and found that everything was so complicated that it took me several visits to read the specification until I «started it». I write down my observations and experiments. Relevance — the first half of 2022. Monitor under study: Gigabyte M32U, although, in principle, this is not essential for the issue under discussion. The monitor has HDMI, DisplayPort (2 pcs), USB-C connectors. Despite the fact that with the desktop my problem was solved «just by updating the hardware», I decided to deal with the problem deeper in order to know.

I will analyze the problem in layers. Let’s start with physics and cables.

Physics

4k (3840×2160) at 144Hz at a depth of 1 byte per color (24 bits per pixel) requires a minimum of 28665446400 bps ( 3840*2160*3*8*144 ), i.e. about 30 gigabit/ s, and that’s not counting the overhead of encoding (either 8/10 or 128/130), audio stream, USB for connecting peripherals, etc. Any cables that run less will not work for us. More precisely, if we compress the transmitted signal, we can «crawl» into 20Gbps, but our first guess: 20 Gbps is not enough. About compression — see the section at the end.
Since the situation is very bad, we will also consider 120Hz as acceptable instead of 144Hz, that is, 23 Gbps.

What cables can give us so much (we don’t look at protocols)

Cables

  • HDMI 2.0 cable gives 18.0 Gbit/s. Such a cable cannot exceed 90 Hz. Cable names (that don’t work): Standard HDMI Cable , High Speed ​​HDMI , Premium High Speed ​​HDMI

  • HDMI 2. 1 has a subset of cables codenamed Ultra High Speed ​​HDMI Cable ( UHS ) that are capable of 48 Gbit/s. Other names are Category 3 HDMI, HDMI 8k, HDMI 48G.

  • Old generation Display Port cables: RBR (reduced bit rate) , HBR, HBR2 (High Bitrate) . Other names: Standard DisplayPort Cable , Full HD.

  • High Bitrate 3 ( HBR3 ) is capable of 32.4 Gbit/s. Up to 120Hz. (144Hz in compression mode). Other names: DP4k .

  • UHBR 10, 13.5 and 20 (Ultra High Bit Rate) Came with display port 2.0. Gives 40-80 Gbit / s. Our native 144Hz without frills. Alternative name: DP8k.

  • USB-C cable USB3 — not even close.

  • USB-C cable USB4. A bunch of cables of different speeds, all (except what doesn’t fit below) USB4 Gen 2×1 , USB4 Gen 2×2 (?) , USB4 Gen 3×1 .

  • USB-C cable USB4 Gen 3×2 . It has 40 Gbps. Please note that all other USB4 cables will not work (I’m not sure about USB4 Gen 2×2, it’s only 20Gbps, which may be enough for 120Hz with compression)

  • 40Gbit/s should work, but…I don’t know if it works or not. TB3 itself promises DP 1.2 which is just «(3840×2160) at 120 Hz». Tolerable.

  • Thunderbolt 4 cable definitely works because 40Gbit/s, and there is DP 2.0 as standard.

Note that I did not touch the issue with power delivery == PD (not to be confused with DP == Display Port) at all, this is a separate orthogonal task. Although the cable that over USB-C makes PD is a dream for connecting a laptop. I stuck one cable — and the finished docking station. However, according to the Thunderbolt 4 standard, power delivery can be as low as 18W. As I have found, many powered laptops are all-or-nothing, that is, 18W does not charge even in sleep. MacBooks are a rare exception. But this is all offtopic — we want 4k@144…

Bottom line: Anything not listed above will either not work, or will work weird (dropping signal), or will work at low frequencies (< 100Hz).

So, in general, an unmarked USB-C cable is most likely not suitable.

Lydybr. Given the price of correct cables, it is obvious that all the usb-c cables in my household, bought for phones, turned out to be completely far from the world of ‘USB4 Gen 3×2’, which explained most of my failures at the beginning.

Purchase of cables

Monitoring of cables in stores.

Finding the right DP cable is easy. Finding the right HDMI cable… is relatively easy. But USB-C — that’s where the madness is.

First, as mentioned above, USB-C comes in a bunch of versions. Many are USB3, ie. video signal transmission is not suitable at all. Even if you find a USB4 cable, there are a huge number of them and most of them are not suitable. The official name of the required cable is «Gen 3×2», good luck to you to break through the store search engines with this. And most of what was found is 0.8m, because this is the maximum length of a passive cable, as far as I understand. Longer cable — you need chips in the cable, which dramatically increases the price and narrows the range.

And I’m not talking about Ali (where there is dog madness in the description of males), but about many noble stores, Amazon, computeruniverse, and local computer stores in Cyprus. Probably, this is not better in other stores.

With great difficulty, I found the right names, and their price… Impressed. As a result, I settled on an active certified Thunderbolt 4 cable for €50 . It’s a little overkill, but it’s definitely all there and all is well. A non-overkill with slightly more modest specs was around for €38, plus €18 shipping…

But! This cable is working. I saw honest 4k @ 144Hz on the only laptop available.

Cables sorted out. Next come the protocols.

Protocols

We have a choice of two: HDMI and DP, but it’s complicated by the fact that both of them can end up inside a USB-C cable.

HDMI

Specification says:

  • HDMI 1.4 : 4k @ 30Hz.

  • HDMI 2.0: 4k @ 60 Hz

  • HDMI 2.1: 4k@120Hz.

What about 144 Hz? But no way. Oops… So HDMI, even in bleeding edge mode itself (as of 22) can’t show what you want. Although, 120Hz, in general, is almost enough. Thus, for «barely» we need HDMI 2.1 and not lower. At 2.0 we get the «regular 60Hz», and the «old HDMI» will show us a 30Hz nightmare. While the cable is capable, the standard has not mastered it.

Lydybr : which, in fact, turned out to be in the USB-C -> HDMI adapter that I had. Inside HDMI 1.4. Enjoy your 30 out of 144.

It turned out that everything is more complicated and HDMI 2.1 has some differences. See comments.

Display Port

Display Port much more advanced technology:

  • Display Port 1.0, «HBR» mode: 4k @ 30Hz.

  • Display Port 1.2, «HBR2» mode: 4k @ 75 Hz (suddenly!)

  • Display Port 1.3, «HBR3» mode: 4k @ 120Hz (almost…)

  • 9000 5

    Display Port 1.4 , mode «HBR3 4k @ 120Hz, but there is DSC or YCrBr 4:2:0, which should theoretically give 144 Hz…

  • Display Port 2.0, UBHR10 mode: 4k @ 144Hz, UBR20: 4k @ 240Hz. Even the flight.

In total, the Display port in version 1.3 is «barely» the same as HDMI 2.1. Version 1.4a is minimal, and version 2.0 is what we need.

Thunderbolt

Thunderbolt itself is not our concern, but it supports some interesting video modes.

Thunderbolt 3 can have three interface modes: DP (it’s not a display port!), SP, and LP. Which one you get is a mystery. The main thing is that inside there can be Display Port 1. 2 or Display Port 1.4. The combination of support from the cable side and from the host side is a pure lottery. In the context of 4k @ 120Hz, I would not hope for the performance of Thunderbolt 3 ports.

Thunderbolt 4 has dramatically improved the situation: we can already be sure about Display Port 1.4, and maybe we will get Display Port 2.0 in alt-mode.

USB-C

I specifically named this section wrong (because it’s not a protocol, it’s a connector), because all USB-C is crazy. If TB3/4 is explicitly labeled, then USB-C is a disaster.

I think the usb-c cable should have been changed to ‘ a cable ‘ a long time ago to make it sound like this: ‘a monitor is connected to a computer using a cable’. Or like this: ‘this device uses a cable’. Because USB, in addition to USB itself, has a so-called ‘alt mode’, which allows you to pass analog sound, Display Port, Hdmi, hell in a mortar and even USB through the cable.

In spite of all my searching, I couldn’t find USB4 Gen 3×2 anywhere. for «connoisseurs» there is TB with simple versions.

Alt-mode-madness

From the madness above, we are interested in the following protocols: there is also MHL for cell phones, but I don’t want to go that route.

Question: what is implemented inside the monitor? Either USB4, and then there is DP 2.0 (hooray!), Or HDMI 2.1 (alas!), or there is TB, and in fact there is hell in the mortar (DP from 1.2 to 2.0).

But it is impossible to understand from the monitor specification before purchase that there will be DP inside USB-C.

Host

Host is what makes the signal. Discrete graphics card, laptop or active adapter.

Laptops

With laptops (for which USB-C is intended) it becomes almost impossible to find out exactly what it can do.

The description of one of the laptops says:

* Thunderbolt 4/USB-C 4.0 Gen3×2 (DisplayPort 1.a: yes, Power Delivery: yes*)
* USB-C 3.2 Gen2×2

What is DisplayPort 1. a? Between 1.2a and 1.4a there is a border between success and hopelessness… Although Thunderbolt 4 was promised, and it should be DisplayPort 2.0… (not 4).

… When a certified Thunderbolt 4 cable came to me, it turned out that there was some kind of hack inside the laptop and the monitor with it gets 144 Hz (hooray!) But loses it almost immediately. So dp was indeed «1.a».

Here is another laptop:

One USB 3.0 (Type-C) port
Thunderbolt 3 (USB Type-C) port
One HDMI 2.0 port
One Mini DisplayPort 1.2

walk from 1.2 to 1.4. However, mini-DP 1.2 is mentioned nearby, so inside there will most likely be DP 1.2, that is, «nothing more than 75 Hz shines.»

And here is the third one:

Ports
(2) Intel® Thunderbolt™ 3 (Type-C)
(2) USB 3.1 Gen 1 (Type A)
(1) HDMI 2.0

Thunderbolt 3 again without specifying what’s inside.

It turns out that on paper it is generally impossible to understand whether it will work or not. Pain? Pain!

Although with a certified TB4 cable, he still gave out honest 144 Hz. Unfortunately, this is not my laptop, it is on Windows, so it is impossible to understand what exactly is there in the xrandr output, because Windows. Maybe it’s DP 1.4? Intel promises this in some processors/integrated video cards. The monitor says that this is a USB-C input, and what’s inside — the jester knows it.

Viewing protocol versions from the host

But, can we determine something about the protocol version in the cable from Linux? In general, my look-n-feel regarding cables in Linux left an unpleasant feeling of «nothing is clear», but that’s until I looked at how the same problems look in Windows. If in Linux it is difficult to answer «why there is no such mode in the monitor settings», then in Windows it is impossible to even see a list of all monitor modes, and the monitor connection mode (via USB-C) is not clear. Is it DP or HDMI? On Linux this is detected by the display type in xrandr — HDMI-0 vs DP-0 .

I also found that nvidia-settings can tell you a little bit about Display Port.

DP, 2 lanes @ 5.4 -> HBR2, Display Port 1.2 (source: wikipedia) Fun fact: HBR2 should give me 4k@75hz. The 4k@60Hz limit is a chip limit on my old graphics card.

Discrete video cards

My old video card showed a 60Hz limit (in practice and in specs):

Maximum DP resolution: 4096 x 2160 @ 60 Hz
Maximum DVI resolution: 2560 x 1600
Maximum HDMI resolution: 4096 x 2160 @ 24 Hz or 3840 x 2160 @ 30 Hz

Old stuff , junk, it is necessary to update.

We take a kilo of money, bring it to the seller and find out that…

Nvidia RTX 30 seriesAMD RX 6900 XT — 6600 XTIntel Arc according to Intel Ark

That’s it. Of the three vendors, only the most suffocating can DP 2.0. The rest huddle in a category that we have rejected or almost rejected. The monitor is able, the video card is not.

On the other hand, the magical YCbCr420 and DSC are waiting for us. .. But more on that below.

In the meantime, it turns out that in this meager mode, you either have to slow down at 120Hz (instead of 144Hz), or hope that DSC (compression) is really invisible. AMD promises RDNA3 somewhere in March 2022, and now April is ending…

It would seem that we should take Arc, but it is only in laptops, but we saw 144 Hz in laptops even without the help of arc. And there is no discrete version of Arc.

At the end, the balance of reason won with prices going down, and I became the owner of a modest RX 6600 (without any «XT») for a modest €350. Plus €28 shipping. Damn Cyprus. But with the price, I waited and waited and waited. Three months ago, the same modesty would have cost me €500, and half a year ago — €750.

The video card arrived, xrand -r 144 and everything was fine, fast and smart. Just a DP8k cable (I don’t know which one is UHBR). How it crawled into DP 1.4, and even into 10 bits (according to xrandr —verbose), I don’t understand. Apparently DSC. Where to watch the status of DSC, I have not yet found.

Perversions

While I was waiting for a video card, I decided to squeeze the impossible out of my hardware and try non-standard approaches. Many of them didn’t work, but PBP did.

PBP mode

There is such a perversion — PBP. When the monitor divides the screen into two halves and each half shows a picture from its signal source. In general, the monitor can be connected to two computers and viewed from both of them, but a special case is to connect the monitor with two cables to one computer

It would seem that cheers. But my (old) video card does not like to work in this mode, and gives only 60Hz. Moreover, HDMI in this mode is completely furious and gives only this:

1920×2160 59.93*+
1280×1024 75.02 60.02
1280×960 60.00

There is a theoretical possibility, but in practice: 1) It does not work on Nvidia due to fascism in the drivers. 2) It works on Intel (laptop), but it requires two wires to connect and non-trivial manipulations in the monitor and xrandr settings, which is extremely far from ‘plug and play’.

After a long meditative reading, I found information that Nvidia can be «persuaded» not to focus on EDID’e (the data that gives the monitor).

This construct worked for me: (`/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/nvidia.conf`)

 Section "Device"
    Identifier "Device0"
    Driver "nvidia"
    VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation"
    Option "ModeValidation" "AllowNonEdidModes,NoDisplayPortBandwidthCheck,NoVirtualSizeCheck,NoMaxPClkCheck,NoHorizSyncCheck,NoVertRefreshCheck,NoWidthAlignmentCheck"
EndSection
 

After that, I managed to do the impossible — I made HDMI (the old, old HDMI, which barely knows 4k@30Hz), make this «half» resolution work at 75Hz. DP also agreed. Maybe more DP, but my old, old video card only has one DP, so I had to limit it to 75Hz too. The output was 4k@75Hz and fantastic nonsense in the text console on boot (when the video is repeated twice on the left and right half of the screen). I must say that 75Hz is the limit. Even 76 are not accepted.

xrandr rightly considers that these are two monitors and broadcasts this to the window manager. After that, we have the taskbar on only one half of the screen, and the windows «stick» to the middle, as they usually stick to the edges. And the login window is in half of the screen, and jumps between the left-right halves, depending on the position of the mouse cursor.

The internet has suggested that xrandr can be told that «two outputs make one monitor».

 xrandr --setmonitor chimera auto HDMI-0,DP-1 

But as it turns out, the ‘monitor’ abstraction has no consequences. So pass.

Just in case, here is my PBP configuration script for DP-1 and HDMI-0:

 xrandr --newmode "1920x2160x75" 335.7 1920 1928 1960 2000 2160 2224 2232 2238 +HSync -VSync
xrandr --output DP-1 --mode 1920x2160x75
xrandr --output HDMI-0 --mode 1920x2160x75 

Result: 75Hz and crazy windows that can’t even be expanded properly in fullscreen?

I recorded a victory over specifications and common sense, but this post was written in normal DP mode (4k@60Hz).

Compression

DSC in Display Port promises signal compression and the ability to push 144 Hz through DP 1. 4. Unfortunately, my old video card could not do this.

The second suggestion is to reduce the quality of the picture due to another sub-sampling. In x, sub-sampling is configured in the config (not xrandr). You need to add to the config above:

 Option "ColorSpace" "YCbCr444" 

Only YCbCr444 does not have the effect of reducing the bandwidth used. For this you need YCbCr420. And to this my video card says ‘unsupported mode’. Although, probably, on a newer device it will be better.

On the new RX 6600, I didn’t find how to find out what exactly is on, that I have 144Hz through DP 1.4 … Moreover, I was promised that DSC would not be noticeable, but the combination of redshift and 144Hz started to give a very strange artifacts. Most often they are almost invisible, but in those moments when they appear, there is a feeling of «Is it glitches on my screen or?», Because the artifacts suspiciously resemble chromatic aberrations from glasses on contrasting patterns.

Is it worth it?

Why do I need 144Hz? Especially at 4K? Of course, is not for toys .

I started with a 13″ EGA. After a few iterations, the CRT became an LCD.

As the screen inches grew, I couldn’t help feeling that everything used to be faster (or, as I can put it now, «smoother»). «).

I thought about this problem for a long time and realized that it is objective, and not related to gigahertz or bloatware on the computer.

If we have 60 frames per second, then the larger (physically) the screen, the more centimeters pass between two adjacent frames when something moves across the screen, and with the transition to 4k — and in pixels too.0003

This results in a jerky picture in the most basic everyday tasks — text editing, window movement, scrolling, typing response time.

So I made myself 4k@144 … for office work. Comfortable office work. And absolutely, I don’t regret it for a second. The transition from the old processor to the new one was pleasant, and subjectively, I would say that the computer became one and a half times faster and the stopped slowing down.