IPS vs. VA displays: Which is best for your monitor or TV?
There’s an almost overwhelming amount of options in the display market: OLED, MicroLED, and TN panel types just to name a few. But if you’re looking for a gaming monitor or simply don’t want to drain your bank account on a display, IPS and VA are generally the best choices. In-plane switching (or IPS) is an LCD-based technology that is used in just about every kind of display, whereas Vertical Alignment (or VA) is a more niche LCD technology used in gaming monitors, gaming TVs, and wide displays.
Contents
- Color accuracy and coverage
- Contrast ratio
- Response time
- Refresh rate
- Which is better?
Although IPS is much more popular than VA and is often seen as the more premium option, both panel types have strengths and weaknesses that you should consider before you buy.
Color accuracy and coverage
IPS panels have traditionally been used for making displays that have high color accuracy and large coverage of wide color gamuts like DCI-P3 or Adobe sRGB. Not only do IPS displays usually look good, but they also look good from wider angles, so you don’t need to look exactly head on at an IPS monitor to get accurate colors.
Color accuracy and coverage can be good on VA displays (even at wide angles), but colors across VA displays aren’t always uniform. Depending on the viewing angle and the distance between the viewer and the display, the center of VA monitors often have more gamma than the edges of the screen, making colors less accurate.
Although IPS is generally better than VA when it comes to color accuracy and coverage, VA panels have perfectly fine color accuracy and coverage for the vast majority of users. Only professional photo and video editors could really be disappointed with a VA monitor that only covers 90% of the DCI-P3 color space, which is actually a very good amount of coverage for gamers and content consumers.
Contrast ratio
Daniel Martin/Screenshot
Contrast ratio is a metric that measures how dark the color black is depicted on a display, measured as a ratio of x:1.
The higher x is, the better. Although IPS is very good with color accuracy in general, it really struggles with making the color black, and even the best IPS monitors and TVs can only show a very dark grey rather than true black. Most IPS monitors are rated at a 1000:1 contrast ratio, which isn’t terrible but isn’t great either. Some monitors can get up to around 2000:1 however.
Despite VA’s general color accuracy issues, it’s actually amazing at depicting black as truly black. Even the worst VA displays can easily muster a 2000:1 contrast ratio, and some can even achieve higher than 5000:1. In fact, VA is second only to OLED when it comes to contrast ratio, and OLED actually delivers perfect contrast ratios of ∞:1. Because of this, a VA display can look better than an IPS counterpart in darker scenes.
Some displays can boost contrast ratio by using local dimming and HDR. By using a more complex backlight with multiple LEDs that can be turned on or off, local dimming helps IPS and VA displays look even darker when it matters.
On the other end of the spectrum, HDR boosts brightness for colors that need it. With these two factors combined, some displays can boost the contrast ratio significantly. However, these features aren’t going to make an IPS display’s contrast ratio as good as the average VA display’s, and poorly implemented local dimming can backfire by creating more visual problems than it solves.
Response time
Gorodenkoff / Shutterstock
Response time is the amount of time it takes to fully refresh the display and show a new image. This is an area where both IPS and VA struggle, but nowadays very good IPS displays have overcome traditional issues with response times, and VA displays have not shown the same amount of progress. There is no standard that display manufacturers adhere to when it comes to measuring response time, but according to BenQ, which makes both IPS and VA monitors and TVs, IPS has a response time of 1-2ms whereas VA can only achieve 4-5ms. The specific values here aren’t important because this is a best-case scenario.
What’s really important is that VA is much slower.
Very high response times can result in very animated scenes looking blurry and smeared. This issue is called ghosting, and it’s particularly annoying for discerning gamers playing fast-paced games like Counter-Strike: Global Offensive. Both IPS and VA displays have solutions and workarounds to avoid ghosting, the most important being overdrive. Overdrive that’s too aggressive can cause reverse ghosting, which is when the display tries to change a pixel’s color so quickly that it accidentally overshoots and ends up with the wrong color for a few frames. Ghosting and reverse ghosting both cause smearing, so if overdrive is too weak or too strong, the end result is similar: It looks bad.
Although the best IPS panels beat the best VA panels when it comes to response time, there are plenty of IPS displays that have very bad response times. It’s also worth noting that response time only needs to be equal to the refresh rate of the monitor for there to be no smearing.
On a 60Hz display, for instance, it takes 16.66ms to show a new image, so a response time of 1ms doesn’t really do much. Response time matters much more at higher refresh rates, and even at 144Hz a response time of around 7ms is sufficient to avoid ghosting.
Refresh rate
IPS is capable of significantly higher refresh rates than VA. IPS is capable of hitting 500Hz while VA caps out at 240Hz. However, the vast majority of VA displays are only capable of 144Hz or 165Hz; there are only a few VA monitors that can do 240Hz. For those wanting extremely high refresh rates, IPS is the clear winner.
Even if VA was capable of 360Hz however, it probably wouldn’t be very good because of its weakness in response times. A 360Hz display refreshes every 2.7ms, which is well below what VA is generally capable of.
Which is better?
While IPS displays are usually a safe recommendation for most people, sometimes there are very good reasons to buy VA monitors and TVs. VA has found its home in midrange gaming monitors, gaming TVs, and ultrawide displays, and many of the best gaming monitors use VA.
If you’re shopping outside of these categories, however, you probably won’t have to worry about choosing between IPS and VA because VA is not very often used elsewhere.
If you do have the choice between VA and IPS, you’re going to have to evaluate what you prefer in a display, and you should definitely read some monitor reviews just to make sure if VA or IPS is going to deliver what you want in your next display purchase. After all, even an IPS display can have bad color accuracy or bad response time, so don’t assume IPS means quality and that VA means budget.
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Gaming Monitor Panel Face-Off: IPS Versus VA
(Image credit: Dell)
When it comes to the best gaming monitors available on the market, the dizzying array of sizes, resolutions, refresh rates, response times, FreeSync versus G-Sync and panel types can make purchase decisions difficult.
Our job is to make the buying process easier for you, so in this article, we’re going to look at two of the popular panel types used in today’s best gaming monitors: IPS and VA.
For starters, we should dive into a brief overview of both IPS and VA display technologies before proceeding with the comparison. IPS, or in-plane switching, is a type of liquid crystal display (LCD) panel in which the liquid crystals are aligned in parallel. They are popular in today’s computer monitors, televisions and mobile devices (i.e., smartphones and tablets). IPS panels are notable for their excellent viewing angles and color representation (compared to older TN panels), making them suitable for many usages scenarios, including gaming and office work.
(Image credit: LG)
VA stands for vertical alignment, in which liquid crystals are aligned vertically, perpendicular to the substrate surface. As a result, these panels tend to have greater viewing angles than TN panels (but lower than IPS) and excellent contrast ratios and excel at providing incredible levels of detail in gaming (or movie) scenes.
But what makes one better than the other? Are there categories where IPS panels have the edge over VA and vice versa? Let’s take a closer look.
Response Time
Pixel response time refers to how fast a monitor can shift from one color to another (typically black to white or gray to gray) and is measured in milliseconds. But what does a low response time mean for gamers in the real world? A lower response time will garner less motion blur and allow for a clearer picture with fast-moving scenes in games. Of the two, IPS panels tend to have the lower response times, typically at 1 to 3 ms for the fastest panels (some even going as low as 0.5 ms).
On the other hand, the many gaming monitors with VA panels are advertised with a 4ms or lower (GTG) value for gaming monitors. In fact, we’ve seen some VA monitors spec’d as low as 1ms GTG with overdrive. However, those lower response times can come at the expense of inverse ghosting, leaving bright artifacts behind fast-moving objects on a screen.
Winner: IPS
Refresh Rate
Refresh rate refers to how often your screen can display an image per second and is measured in hertz (Hz). So, if you have a monitor like the Gigabyte Aorus FI25F with a refresh rate of 240 Hz, it refreshes the image 240 times per second. However, to hit 240 Hz or the high watermark of 360 Hz, you’re not just dependent on your monitor.
Most gaming monitors have a minimum 120 Hz refresh rate and ramp up from there. Generally, the higher the number, the better performance you’ll see with a smoother picture. However, you’ll also need one of the best graphics cards for gaming capable of outputting pixels at a rate fast enough to keep up.
(Image credit: Asus)
IPS panels can be had from the standard 60 Hz up to 360 Hz on the fastest 1080p panels (like the Asus ROG Swift PG259QN). For a long time, 4K IPS panels were stuck at a maximum of 144Hz. However, that changed recently with the introduction of the ViewSonic Elite XG320U, which overclocks to 150Hz (at the expense of Adaptive-Sync).
The best VA panels can top 240 Hz, and Samsung’s yet-to-be-released Odyssey Neo G8 can even hit 240 Hz at 4K using Display Stream Compression (DSC).
Winner: IPS
Contrast Ratio
When it comes to static contrast ratio (which refers to the luminance ratio between black and white produced by a display), the best IPS panels tend to hover around the 1,000:1 mark. For instance, for a display with a 1,000:1 contrast ratio, a white image would appear 1,000 times brighter than a black image on a particular monitor. The higher the contrast ratio, the better, as you’ll find deeper blacks (instead of blacks that look gray or washed out) and more detail in a picture due to an increase in grayscale detail.
(Image credit: Tom’s Hardware)
While neither IPS nor VA panels can match the «infinite» contrast ratio of new OLED panels, VA does have the upper hand. A good VA panel can exhibit a static contrast ratio of 2,000:1 to 3,000:1. However, the very best panels can crank that figure to 4,000:1 and beyond (for example, the AOC C32G2ZE can hit 4,000:1).
The advantage that VA panels hold over IPS in contrast ratio is even more pronounced in darkened rooms, where «IPS glow» can be a serious problem.
Winner: VA
Viewing Angles
Most IPS panels feature horizontal/vertical viewing angles of up to 178 degrees. This means if you’re viewing content off-center, there isn’t much color-shifting or a dramatic drop in picture quality until you reach the extreme edges of the viewing angles.
While VA panels have made great strides over the years in viewing angles, they are still not entirely up to par compared to IPS panels. VA panels are typically a bit weaker with respect to color/contrast shifts when viewing content off-center. However, for gamers who are likely to be sitting dead-center in front of the screen and not moving along the periphery of a monitor’s optimum viewing angle, this is likely less of an issue.
Winner: IPS
Color Reproduction
IPS panels, in general, have greater color gamut performance, leading to richer colors for your games.
Most IPS monitors can hit a higher percentage of the DCI-P3 and sRGB color gamuts. Higher color gamut scores generally lead to greater accuracy and more vibrant color representation.
We should also mention that the superior color performance and wider gamut of IPS display not only makes them a good fit for gaming, but their accuracy makes them well suited for color-critical professional applications.
(Image credit: Tom’s Hardware)
VA panels are slightly behind the curve on color accuracy compared to IPS, but for typical gaming scenarios, they are well suited for the job. They particularly shine when it comes to shadow and highlight detail in games, and make a good choice when you’re watching movies in your downtime due to the deeper blacks. But when you weigh the advantages that VA panels have with contrast ratio and black levels versus the more accurate color performance of IPS panels for gaming, it more or less comes down to your personal preference.
Winner: Tie
While it may look like IPS is the winner based on its technical merits, it’s not that easy.
When we’re talking about things like how responsive a monitor is or how it looks to the eye, a lot of it comes down to personal preference. You might prefer VA over IPS based on not only your gaming preferences but also productivity apps when it’s time to get work done.
| IPS | VA | |
|---|---|---|
| Refresh Rate | ✗ | |
| Response Time | ✗ | |
| Contrast Ratio | ✗ | |
| Viewing Angles | ✗ | |
| Color Reproduction | ✗ | ✗ |
| Overall | 4 | 2 |
And while you may enjoy having a fast 360 Hz IPS display for your twitchy eSports games, someone else might have a different panel in mind for a slower-paced RTS game. In the end, if it is all possible, we’d suggest that you try to get some “eyes on” time with a monitor before you plunk down your cold, hard cash at a brick and mortar electronics retailer.
And if that’s not possible, pore over our vast back catalog of monitor reviews to help you make an informed decision.
More Monitor Guides
- PC Monitor Buying Guide
- Best Gaming Monitors
- Best Gaming Monitors 2022: Budget, Curved, G-Sync and More
- Best Budget 4K Monitors
- Best Computer Monitors
Brandon Hill is a senior editor at Tom’s Hardware. He has written about PC and Mac tech since the late 1990s with bylines at AnandTech, DailyTech, and Hot Hardware. When he is not consuming copious amounts of tech news, he can be found enjoying the NC mountains or the beach with his wife and two sons.
Topics
Monitors
VA vs IPS | Which Is The Better Display Technology
Whether to pick a VA (Vertical Alignment) panel or IPS (In-Plane Switching) panel depends on your intent. These two panels have two primary differences. VA offers a high contrast ratio with limited viewing angles, while IPS comes with a lower contrast but wider viewing angles.
Both these panels have their highs and letdowns. The most straightforward way to determine your pick is by deciding which attributes are the most important for you.
If your display serves diverse functions like competitive gaming (see this affordable Dell review), office work (see best monitors for trading here), photo and video editing (see the touch screen monitors review), programming, etc., it might be a bit challenging to decide. Fortunately, I will take you through what to expect from them, having tested various VA and IPS panels myself. Also, you can go through our earlier posts on various monitor types such as ‘best monitor with speakers’ post, or ‘best monitor for CAD’ article. Now, dive in!
Best Overall VA
SAMSUNG QLED Q90T Series
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Best Overall IPS
LG 43UN700-B 43 Inch Class UHD
Check Current Price
Are IPS or VA Better for Gaming?
Before picking a VA panel or IPS panel for gaming, you have to consider the features that will help you attain the gaming quality you want.
So, how do VA panels compare to IPS panels when it comes to the essential features that determine gaming performance?
VA Monitors vs. IPS monitors: Picture Quality
Image quality is a broad topic that encompasses multiple details. I will focus on the colors that IPS and VA panels have, how the two panels contrast light and dark areas, and the viewing angle of the two panels.
I love IPS panels because they have one of the highest color gamut performances, much higher than VA panels. For this reason, IPS panels display a game’s graphics better than VA panels. These screens represent the graphics of your games more realistically and 40 inch 4K monitors are now top of the range.
An IPS gaming monitor provides wide viewing angles that offer sharp pictures even when sitting a bit far from your screen (see our Acer XR382CQK review). As I enjoy multiplayer games with pals, sitting away from the screen while getting a great picture quality is something I consider crucial in winning demanding titles.
A VA panel features an almost similar color gamut. However, a VA screen’s viewing angle is slightly smaller than what you get with an IPS monitor.
What I enjoy more when using VA gaming monitors is the intensity of their contrast ratio. I love how defined the difference between dark and light areas is and how this may aid in the quick identification of situations that may jeopardize your winning chances.
Refresh Rate
Refresh rates denote the frequency at which your monitor photos change over time. The majority of gaming monitors (see these top picks) come with 75 or 144HZ refresh rates.
What I least like about IPS displays is that they typically have a lower refresh rate than 75Hz. Being unable to play the most action-packed games with a higher frame rate is a bummer to most enthusiasts.
Nevertheless, new models able to support 144Hz are becoming continuously popular. The only caveat is you’ll have to dish out more to get access to the impressive functionality.
VA monitors may not offer you a TN panel’s performance as well. And while I may not like the average refresh rates of IPS monitors, VA panels are a bit more restrictive when it comes to supported games.
Most VA panels have a 60Hz refresh rate, although you may find some options that offer a 120Hz refresh rate or more.
Response Time
While low response times are common in IPS panels, most IPS gaming monitors have about four milliseconds. This level is not much of a problem for most games. However, I’m not too fond of it when playing racing and fast shooter games because of ghosting.
Thankfully, the production of some IPS panels working with one or two milliseconds delivers a good operation for competitive gaming.
A VA panel is slightly slower than an IPS panel. Therefore, you will notice slightly more motion blur when playing your games. Like IPS panels, some options offer you a one-millisecond response time for image sharpness.
IPS vs. VA: Which is Better for Gaming?
Both IPS and VA panels have their advantages and disadvantages and need careful thought before settling on a panel type.
If you need a monitor with an amazing contrast ratio, look into VA panels. And with the provision of VA monitors with a slower response time, you can find screens that offer a good gaming experience in most games.
You would consider IPS panel monitors if you want superb color reproduction, extensive viewing angle, and overall enticing picture quality.
VA Pros and Cons
- In comparison to IPS panels, it offers contrast ratios that are three times better
- Good black uniformity may be seen
- It is inexpensive
- It has a small field of view. If you sit farther from the TV, it does not offer the same experience
- Its color spectrum is limited.
IPS Pros and Cons
- Wider viewing angles are available with IPS screens
- Even while viewing the TV at extreme angles, you won’t notice much of a difference in the picture quality
- It refreshes frequently. You’ll have a fluid and enjoyable gaming experience
- Low response times are present
- It refreshes at a respectable rate
- They don’t have a contrast ratio as good as VA panels
- Poor black homogeneity is seen
Is VA Better Than IPS for Movies?
Different Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) panel types have their advantages and disadvantages, and selecting an IPS vs VA TV depends on what use you have in mind. So, which of these panels should you use for movies?
Viewing Angles: IPS Panel or VA Panel?
IPS TVs have a better viewing angle than their VA counterpart.
Their image accuracy remains fairly high even when I’m watching my movies from the side.
VA TVs typically lose picture accuracy when watching them from the far edges of my seat, and the display appears washed out.
Contrast Ratios: IPS or VA Panels
VA panels have better contrast ratios between the two panels. I like their deep blacks when watching movies in the dark. If you geek over late-night shows, go for VA as it provides more definition.
IPS TVs generally have lower contrast. When using them, I tend to see blacks displayed as gray because of IPS glow. However, the difference is hardly noticeable in brightly lit conditions.
Black Uniformity
Unlike contrast and the viewing angle, the panel type doesn’t exclusively dictate a screen’s black uniformity. Regardless, most of the VA panels I use have better black uniformity between the two panels.
This doesn’t immediately paint VA panel TVs as the winner, and you may find a better-displaying IPS.
Besides, you can enhance the screen’s uniformity using the dimming function.
Our Recommended IPS Panel
Color coverage and accuracy
Displays with great color accuracy and extensive coverage of wide color gamuts like DCI-P3 or Adobe sRGB are typically made using IPS panels. You don’t necessarily need to gaze directly at an IPS monitor in order to see realistic colors because IPS displays typically appear beautiful from wider angles as well.
Although color accuracy and coverage on VA displays (even at broad angles) can be outstanding, colors aren’t always consistent. The center of VA monitors frequently has greater gamma than the screen’s edges, reducing the accuracy of colors depending on the viewer’s perspective and the distance from the display.
VA panels have completely adequate color accuracy and coverage for the great majority of users, despite the fact that IPS is typically superior to VA in these areas.
A VA monitor that only covers 90% of the DCI-P3 color space is actually a very good amount of coverage for games and content consumers, with the exception of professional picture and video editors.
Technical Dissimilarities
LCD panels function using liquid crystals which, when charged with electricity, react and change location. Based on the position, the crystals display a particular color.
When IPS displays get charged, their crystals let light through by aligning horizontally. Without current, this vertical alignment (click here for best vertical monitors) efficiently bars light and offers deeper blacks.
Different panel types feature different layouts. IPS panels have pixels that resemble chevrons.
PLS (Plane-to-Line Switching) is a type of IPS used on Samsung monitors (check out also Benq monitors) which perform similarly but with round-edged pixels. On the other hand, VA pixels appear like straight rectangles.
Sub-Pixel Arrangement
IPS panels have an RGB sub-pixel arrangement, whereas numerous VA panels feature a BGR layout. The sub-pixel layout doesn’t outrightly affect image quality, provided it’s not a PC monitor.
Some applications require an RGB arrangement. When I use a BRG VA panel in such cases, I see some slight blurriness on the text. However, adjusting my text scaling eases readability. Overall, RGB layouts don’t have this issue as much as BRG.
Viewing Angles
The majority of IPS panels offer viewing angles up to 178 degrees horizontally and vertically. Accordingly, if you’re viewing content off-center, you won’t notice much color shifting or a noticeable decrease in picture quality until you get to the very edges of the viewing angles.
Even though VA panels have improved significantly over the years in terms of viewing angles, they still fall short of IPS panels in some respects.
When viewing content off-center, VA panels are often a little weaker in terms of color/contrast shifts. This is probably less of an issue for gamers, who are more likely to be seated directly in front of the monitor and not move around the monitor’s ideal viewing angle.
VA Panels With Wide Viewing Angles
You’ll notice that manufacturers are trying out multiple techniques to enhance VA viewing angles while achieving a high contrast. Although this goal is a work in progress, several TVs are now available that try to encompass both these crucial attributes.
The first sets to feature a broad viewing angle got announced in 2018. Several pricey models also came out with this technology in 2020, for instance, the Sony X950H and the Samsung Q90/Q90T QLED (see our Quantum Dot vs IPS post).
While I love their recognizable improvement in viewing angles over pure VA TVs, they are still yet to achieve the level of performance you get with a pure IPS panel.
As they solve one problem, the upgraded VA panels present you with another issue. Options like the Sony X950H have noticeably lower contrast ratios than typical VA panels.
Nevertheless, I appreciate their native contrast still being higher than regular IPS panels. With their dimming feature, I still can get a deep black convenient for night movies.
Our Recommended VA Panel
So, IPS vs VA- Which Is Suitable For Movies?
Neither panel technology is inherently better because they have different functions. IPS displays are suitable for watching big games or a show across a wide sitting arrangement.
The IPS technology is also suitable for PC monitors as image and color accuracy around the edges are better, even when seated close.
VA panels are more suitable for movie-watching in dimly-lit spaces, given they have the best contrast between the two.
Selecting between the two panels means you’ll give up particular features.
Depending on your movie needs, I believe you can decide which panel suits you.
Conclusion: Which is Better?
You probably now know the most suitable panel to get, given the different specifications. As in most instances, the higher your budget (see the best budget picks), the better the panel. Here is a simple guide on the ideal panel depending on your usage:
IPS vs TN vs VA — Which Is Best? [Ultimate Guide]
Answer:
You should choose between different panel types according to what you’ll mostly be using the monitor for — gaming, color-critical work, or watching movies and other everyday activities.
VA panels have the highest contrast ratio, but it usually comes at a cost of slower response time, so they’re excellent for watching movies, but not suitable for competitive gaming. TN panels are cheap and have fast response times, but have inferior image quality and viewing angles.
IPS panels offer the most consistent colors and a quick pixel response time speed as well as the widest viewing angles, but they don’t have as high contrast ratio as VA panels, and they are usually more expensive.
Apart from the screen resolution, the display’s panel type will have the most significant impact on the overall image quality.
All three panel technologies have their advantages and disadvantages, so it’s vital to choose the one that’s perfect for you.
TN (Twisted Nematic) Panel
We’ll start off with TN panels, which are nowadays mostly found in gaming monitors as they have the quickest response time speed.
All newer TN monitors will offer a rapid ~1ms response time (gray to gray pixel transition or ‘GtG’ for short), which eliminates ghosting/trailing behind fast-moving objects.
When paired with a high refresh rate, TN panel gaming monitors provide a buttery-smooth gaming experience at an affordable price, which is why they are usually the first choice of many professional FPS gamers.
But it’s not all good news:
TN monitors have the worst color reproduction and narrow viewing angles (170° horizontally, 160° vertically), which causes the image to shift in color, contrast and brightness when it’s looked at skewed angles.
The viewing angles aren’t an issue as long as you’re sitting in front of the monitor, apart from some gamma/saturation shifts, so if you’ve got a limited budget and care more about performance than pretty colors, a TN panel monitor is for you.
They can be quite bright, and more expensive models will have more vibrant colors, but not as good as that of IPS or VA panel alternatives.
IPS (In-Plane Switching) Panel
IPS panels provide the most accurate and consistent colors as well as wide 178° viewing angles, meaning that you can look at the screen from basically any angle without the image shifting in color and contrast.
If you’re a designer or a photographer, an IPS monitor is definitely for you.
Nowadays, most IPS monitors have just as fast pixel response time speed as TN panels (~1ms), though there are still some slower IPS variants with 4 to 5ms.
For a lot of gamers, even these slower IPS panel monitors will provide a satisfactory fast-paced gaming experience as ghosting is barely noticeable.
The main downside of IPS monitors is ‘IPS glow.’
If you’re watching particularly dark content in a dark room, you will be able to notice light ‘glowing’ around the corners of the screen. This is an expected side effect caused by the excess light passing through the panel.
It’s rather tolerable as it’s only mildly bothersome in certain scenarios i.e., watching dark scenes of a movie/game in a dim-lit room with high brightness setting. In some rare cases, mainly due to poor quality control, IPS glow can be distracting, in which case you should RMA the monitor.
Now, another thing to keep in mind is that IPS panels don’t have as high contrast as VA panels. A standard IPS monitor has a static contrast ratio of around 1,000:1, whereas a VA alternative has around 3,000:1, or even higher.
So, blacks will be noticeably deeper on VA monitors, but this technology has disadvantages of its own, which we’ll get into later on.
In 2022, LG Display developed the first IPS Black panel, which increase the static contrast ratio to around 2,000:1! The Dell U2723QE is one of the first monitors released with this technology.
LG is also bringing back the A-TW polarizer on some of their models, such as the upcoming LG 32GQ950. This will help reduce IPS glow at a cost of introducing a minor purple glow at extreme angles.
Further, through the use of localized dimming, the contrast ratio can be significantly improved on LED-backlit monitors. However, unless an expensive full-array local dimming solution is used, there’s basically no meaningful improvement.
In the past, IPS monitors were more expensive than TN models with the same specs. Nowadays, some IPS monitors are only slightly (if at all) more costly than their TN counterparts.
Keep in mind that there are several variations of IPS panels depending on the manufacturer, and you will also find them named differently. These are the most current versions you should know:
- PLS (Plane to Line Switching) by Samsung
- AHVA (Advanced Hyper-Viewing Angles) by AU Optronics
- AAS (Azimuthal Anchoring Switch) by InnoLux
- ADS (Advanced Super Dimension Switch) by BOE
- IPS, AH-IPS, Nano IPS, IPS Black by LG
All of these panels imply wide viewing angles, consistent colors and good pixel response time, but naturally, some are better than others.
VA (Vertical Alignment) Panel
Last but not least, we have VA panels that boast a superior static contrast ratio.
While IPS and TN panels usually have a contrast ratio of around 1,000:1, most VA panels have a contrast ratio between 2,500:1 and 3,000:1, with more expensive models offering even higher contrast.
This allows them to display deeper blacks, brighter whites, and an overall more pronounced relation between the darkest and the brightest tones.
However, this also means that pixels take longer to change from such deep blacks to lighter shades.
Even though their specified response time speed may be the same as that of an average IPS display (4-5ms), they actually have a lot slower black to white pixel transition.
Consequently, in dark scenes of fast-paced video games, you get noticeable black smearing behind fast-moving objects, which can be distracting for competitive gaming.
That’s why hardcore FPS players avoid VA panels and opt for IPS or TN panels instead.
Not everyone is equally sensitive to this issue, and many gamers don’t mind a bit of smearing as they get a higher contrast ratio.
Samsung’s latest VA panels used in the Odyssey G7 and G9 curved gaming monitors are actually just as fast as some IPS models with 1ms GtG response time!
Therefore, these monitors offer the most balanced image quality and performance with deep blacks and fast pixel transitions, but they are also more expensive and have some other flaws, as explained in the review.
In 2022, Samsung will also be releasing the Odyssey G8 model with a 32″ 4K 240Hz panel, a 1ms GtG response time speed and a mini LED backlight.
Moving on, some VA panel monitors also support a wide color gamut.
In fact, there are VA panels that have just as good or better colors than certain IPS monitors, but the colors on those VA displays won’t be as consistent as that of the IPS technology.
In other words, a certain shade of red, for instance, might not look the same at the top of the image and at the center of a VA panel monitor due to gamma shifts.
Generally, these slight uniformity issues aren’t really noticeable or bothersome in everyday use, but they are crucial for color-critical work, which is the main reason designers opt for IPS monitors.
Thanks to their high contrast and lack of IPS glow, VA panel displays are particularly great for watching movies in a dark room where details in shadows of the picture really stand out, which is why most LED TVs use VA panels, not IPS.
Lastly, although VA panels have specified 178° viewing angles just like IPS, some minor shifts in contrast and brightness are present at certain angles, but nothing extreme.
Depending on the panel manufacturer, you may also see VA panels marketed as:
- MVA (Multidomain Vertical Alignment)
- P-MVA, S-MVA
- AMVA (Advanced MVA) – not to be confused with AHVA (IPS by AUO)
Conclusion
That’s it! Hopefully, we’ve helped you pick the perfect panel type for you, but there are many other things to consider when buying a new monitor such as screen size, resolution and refresh rate.
You can find more information in our comprehensive gaming monitor buyer’s guide or one of the other guides on our website — depending on whether you need a monitor for photo-editing, office work, etc.
All in all, even if you’re a competitive gamer and don’t care much about image quality, a modern IPS monitor is the way to go as you get just as fast response times as that of old TN displays, but a better image quality and viewing angles too.
For color-critical work, we highly recommend IPS monitors, but you can also use VA displays for basic content creation where color accuracy isn’t crucial.
When it comes to VA vs IPS, there’s no obvious ‘better’ or ‘wrong’ option here.
Some users prefer the higher contrast of VA panels, others would rather have more consistent colors, so it’s up to what you personally prefer.
IPS vs TN vs VA: which panel is best for gaming? How to choose the best panel for gameplay?
Different panel types may confuse you when shopping for a gaming monitor.
Let’s look at the pros and cons of each of them.
You want a new gaming monitor and have already settled on all the essentials. Screen size, resolution, and of course price range. But just when you think it’s OK to click “buy” you remember monitors have divergent panel types, and you recall those different manufacturing processes supposedly make a big difference. What do you need? TN, VA, or IPS?
All modern monitors use TFT LCD (thin film transistor liquid crystal display) as their core technology. TFT LCDs have been around since the 1950s and have improved dramatically over time. There are three main types of panel: The oldest one, twisted nematic (TN), vertical alignment (VA) and in-plane switching (IPS).
Each manufacturing process tends to be best suited to particular gaming habits and, in some cases, genres. If you happen to care especially about a specific variety of games, or just want to enjoy every kind, then you could benefit greatly from going with one type of panel over another, so let’s get started.
IPS: the Finest Colors and Viewing Angles, Less Speed and Black Level Detail
In-plane switching monitors have garnered a lot of acclaim for their color performance. They’re the only variety that regularly provides 95% or even 100% of DCI-P3, the widest color gamut currently formalized and the one used in digital cinema. Even basic IPS panels offer 20%-30% more color space than the fanciest TNs. So for color, IPS monitors rate first, although casual viewers may not notice a big difference compared to other types, especially VAs. Conversely, IPS panels tend to “crush” black levels to their most extreme, which can diminish dark details. VAs and especially TNs offer more accurate black levels, a common weakness of IPS.
IPS panels offer wide 178/178 viewing angles. This means clear views from almost any angle. IPS provides the best experience for shared viewing. So, if you have people over and you’re all looking at the same screen from different angles, an IPS will serve you best.
Response and refresh rates have improved markedly on IPS-type monitors in recent years. They can match VA speed now, but still lag behind TN. For contrast, IPS panels sit somewhere between TN and VA, meaning they do HDR content much better justice than TN. Combined with their wide color gamut, IPS displays arguably offer better HDR than VA, but the debate rages on.
Who they’re for: minor issues with black levels aside, IPS monitors cater best to gamers who enjoy taking in the sights and soaking in the atmosphere. If you’re big on graphics and want to experience visuals as intended by the artists who created them, choose IPS. That means gamers keen on role playing, open world, third person exploration, and first person narrative adventure genres should go with IPS. None of those game varieties requires pixel perfect, millisecond-level reaction, and all benefit greatly from color fidelity. For local co-op or just shared viewing of content there’s no beating IPS.
If you have friends over and you want to share a gaming experience, IPS panels leave TN far behind and maintain more consistent wide angle performance compared to VA.
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TN: Speed First, Color and Angles Last, Good Black Levels
Arguably the oldest panel type and by most accounts the original LCD, TN monitors usually come in as the most affordable. Their biggest advantage is response time. Until recently, only TN panels were able to deliver 1ms or faster pixel update response, which made them the obvious choice for gaming.
The same goes for refresh rate, or frames per second (FPS). Only TN panels manage 240Hz, while other types max out at 150-200Hz. Remember, if a monitor responds too slowly, you’ll get bad motion blur, smearing, and ghosting in games. Plus, overall input latency and lag increase on slower monitors. TN panels remain the fastest and also have a good reputation for accurate black levels and dark area detail.
On the negative side, TN panels only cover 100% of standard RGB color gamut and rarely go over 1000:1 contrast. This is the smallest color space and limits visual display. The biggest weakness of TN panels, however, is the limited viewing angles, which go as low as 170/160 degrees. This means looking from a wide angle will show considerable color shift and slight image fade. However, this image fade of previous years has been largely addressed on modern TNs.
Who they’re for: due to still-unmatched speeds, TN panels remain the best choice for gamers interested in competitive multiplayer where every split-second matters.
If you’re into shooters or fighting games and want to compete with other players, or if you simply want the highest frame rate possible, TN is the way to go. Keep in mind you won’t get the best colors or image quality, but you’ll be assured high display speeds.
VA: Great All-around, the Best Contrast, but Not the Fastest
When vertical alignment panel manufacturing emerged, LCDs gained color and improved viewing angles. VA panels produce a much bigger color space than TNs and have the most contrast of any LCD variety. While not as fast as TNs, VAs have improved and now perform nearly as well, routinely reaching 2-3ms response times and 200Hz refresh rates. They exceed standard RGB and often reach the much richer and wider Adobe RGB color gamut, and have 178/178 wide viewing angles. Because VA panels offer impressive contrast ratios (3000:1 and more are common), they’re great for HDR content – that’s why most current TVs use them.
Who they’re for: back to gaming.
VA panels do justice to essentially any game you throw at them. They’re the ultimate jacks-of-all-trades so, if you’re a gaming enthusiast with wide-ranging interests in different genres, a VA’s for you. You’ll get good performance and excellent image quality no matter what you play. The exception would be competitive players whose only focus is winning. Since VAs aren’t as quite as fast as TNs, if a kill/death or win/lose ratio matters to you more than contrast ratios then opt for TN. Otherwise you can’t go wrong with a VA monitor.
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It’s Your Call
Having discussed TN, VA, and IPS in simple terms that cover the most important aspects of each technology, you should now feel better about making that choice.
The three simply refer to the way the transistors that control pixels are produced, arranged, and controlled. But all remain TFT LCD at heart and, with refinement over many years, the simple truth is that the differences between them no longer seem like night and day and all can serve you very well in a gaming monitor.
|
Panel type |
Speed |
Colors |
Contrast |
Viewing angles |
Best for… |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Panel type TN |
Speed Fastest currently available, only variety able to support 240Hz refresh rates. Very quick response times, often under 1ms |
Colors Limited color space – typically standard RGB, nothing more. However, does have quite detailed blacks |
Contrast Lowest of the bunch, but sufficient for most applications and getting better |
Viewing angles Biggest problem for TNs has always been this. |
Best for… High speed “twitch” gameplay in FPSs, MOBAs, and overall competitive play. Ideal for power users who crave unlocked framerates |
|
Panel type VA |
Speed Much improved, almost as quick as TNs but still behind by a millisecond or two. Slower refresh than TN but quite fast, up to 200Hz |
Colors Good overall color performance, with a wider gamut than TN – often Adobe RGB and some coverage of DCI-P3 |
Contrast By far the highest contrast ratios of any panel technology, routinely going up to 3000:1 |
Viewing angles Noticeably better than TN and arguably the same as IPS, with 178/178 (horizontal/vertical viewing) achieved on many monitors of this type |
Best for… Perfect for all-round “buffet” gamers who enjoy different genres and also watch movies and TV |
|
Panel type IPS |
Speed Generally the slowest variety with the highest overall input latency due to more intricate processing for each pixel |
Colors Best performers in this area. |
Contrast Contrast ratios land somewhere between TN and VA, so generally good. However, IPS monitors suffer from “crushed” blacks, obscuring detail in dark areas |
Viewing angles Consistently good at 178/178 and the most suitable for viewing from different angles and positions around the monitor |
Best for… Story-minded gamers who want to relish beautiful graphics and find faithful colors important. Also the best panel for local multiplayer due to wide viewing angles |
Even good monitors suffer from color shift and slight image fade when viewed off center
Only type to support newer color spaces like DCI-P3 and Rec. 2020. Superb color reproduction on good quality monitorsRemember that thanks to their shared ancestry and ever-better manufacturing, the actual observable differences between the three are not as dramatic as many articles, including this one, may imply. Having said that, while the differences now are much smaller than they were in the past, they still exist.
At this point in time there’s no “wrong” panel type. You won’t ruin your experience totally by picking one over the other. But you may very well make your gaming just a little bit better, so why not do it?
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IPS vs VA Panels for TVs—What’s the Difference?
Right now, buying one of the best TVs means choosing between two major technology types: an LED/LCD TV, or an OLED TV.
Because OLED TVs are newer and generally more expensive, the average buyer is looking at LED/LCD TVs right now. And although there are several features and specifications to consider while shopping—the brand name, HDR compatibility, and refresh rate, just to name a few—there’s one important hardware spec that isn’t widely advertised: LCD panel type.
LED/LCD TVs are so called because of the two things that make up their displays: an LED (Light Emitting Diode) backlight and an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) panel for that backlight to shine through.
LED backlights vary between a variety of implementations, but modern LCDs generally come in one of two panel technologies: IPS (In-Plane Switching) and VA (Vertical Alignment).
Unlike other hardware specifications (which are usually listed on the side of a TV box or on the manufacturer’s website), information about a TV’s LCD panel type is a bit more inside baseball. But panel type has a far greater impact on a TV’s performance than you might expect—it affects contrast, color, and viewing angle as well.
What is an IPS panel?
Credit: Getty Images / «rusm»
Individual pixels in an LCD display are made up of liquid crystals activated by voltage. How the display arranges its crystals is part of what sets IPS panels apart from VA panels.
IPS (In-Plane Switching) panels are a common display type for both the best computer monitors and TVs. Without getting too far down the rabbit hole, let’s talk a little about how IPS panels distinguish themselves from other types.
Every non-OLED TV on the market today is an LCD TV powered by LED lighting. Individual pixels in an LCD display are made up of liquid crystals activated by voltage—this is what produces color. An IPS panel aligns its crystals horizontally, parallel to the glass substrate.
IPS technology was developed in part to improve the color and wide viewing angle performance of a display. There’s also a range of variations under the IPS umbrella, including ADS, S-IPS, H-IPS, e-IPS, P-IPS, and PLS (Plane-to-Line Switching). But, while they all differ marginally from one another in operation, their core functionality (as compared to VA panels) is the same.
What is a VA panel?
VA (Vertical Alignment) panels represent another common display type, used for both computer monitors and TVs, but especially for the latter where they greatly outnumber their IPS counterparts. Most LED/LCD TVs you’ll find on the market use a VA panel. While IPS panels align their liquid crystals horizontally, VA panels align them—you guessed it—vertically.
They run perpendicular to the glass substrate rather than parallel to it. When met with voltage, the crystals tilt, letting light through and producing color.
This positioning changes how the liquid crystals behave. Without any voltage, the liquid crystals in a VA panel do not tilt, which is a better outcome if your goal is to block light and create image depth. Like with IPS, VA panels also come in a few varieties: PVA, S-PVA, and MVA, though again, their core functionality (as compared to IPS panels) is the same.
What about TN panels?
TN (Twisted Nematic) is an older LCD display type. They’re still relatively common display types for computer monitors—thanks to their lightning fast response times and excellent handling of motion blur. TN panels aren’t typically used in TV production anymore, though.
Related content
What’s the difference between IPS and VA panels?
Credit: Reviewed / Jackson Ruckar
IPS and VA panels have different strengths and weaknesses.
The Sony X900H (seen here) features deep black levels but relatively narrow viewing angles.
Now that we’ve explained the bare essentials of these two technologies, let’s take a look at their relative strengths and weaknesses.
Contrast Ratio
The cornerstone of picture quality, contrast ratio refers to the range between a display’s darkest black levels and brightest highlights. Because VA-style panels excel at producing deep, dark black levels, this is arguably their biggest strength. VA panels almost always feature deeper black levels than their IPS counterparts, and this goes a long way in creating a detail-rich picture. An IPS panel can mitigate this by serving up an exceptionally bright image to offset relatively shallow black levels.
Advantage: VA
Wide viewing angle
A TV’s total viewing angle describes how much a viewer can move away from an ideal, head-on viewing position before the contrast and color of the picture begins to deteriorate.
Due to the positioning of their liquid crystals, IPS panels excel in this department; they typically offer significantly more viewing flexibility than TVs with VA-style panels. In other words, IPS panels are more reliable for group viewings (or any situation where a viewer might need to sit at an off-angle).
Advantage: IPS
Color and image quality
While impressive color production is possible on both display types, IPS panels tend to offer wider colors, given the nature of their hardware. While a wider range of colors tends to spell better color accuracy, the advent of additional TV technologies like quantum-dot color have evened the playing field considerably. In other words, you’re far more likely to notice the benefits of an IPS TV’s wider viewing angle than you are to notice its tendency for wider color.
Advantage: IPS
Here’s the final takeaway: IPS panels are significantly better than VA panels when it comes to viewing angle and somewhat better than VA panels when it comes to color.
VA panels, however, almost always offer deeper black levels and better overall contrast. And because they block light better, TVs and monitors using VA panels tend to have better backlight uniformity regardless of LED backlight type.
How can I determine a TV’s panel type?
Unfortunately, not only is it rare to find a TV’s panel type listed on a manufacturer’s website, but it’s increasingly rare for a brand to reveal a TV’s panel type at all—even when we contact brands directly for information. The reason for this caginess has everything to do with marketing; it’s better to keep shoppers focused on the bells, whistles, and impressive performance specs of a TV rather than its potential shortcomings.
To add to the confusion, it’s common for different sizes of the same TV series to mix and match display types; you might find that the 55-inch version of a TV features a VA-style display while the 75-inch model uses IPS.
Credit: Reviewed
It’s relatively easy to determine panel type if you have the proper equipment and you know what to look for.
Fortunately, it’s relatively easy to determine panel type if you have the proper equipment and you know what to look for. Certain test results and viewing characteristics act as tell-tale signs. This is why my colleagues and I make a point of discussing panel type in just about every TV review we publish, and why you should make a point of reading reviews before making a purchase.
Panel type is not the end-all-be-all for LED/LCD TVs. Many other factors, most of them related to the style and intensity of the LED backlight, can have a major impact on factors like contrast, viewing angle, and color intensity. Ultimately, you need to see a TV in person (and ideally in the space it’s going to live in) to get the best idea of how well it creates an image. But by knowing the core differences of IPS vs VA LCD panels, you can at least make some good guesses before you buy.
Which type of TV panel should I buy?
Credit: Getty Images / «.shock»
TVs with an IPS-style panel might be better for group viewings, but VA panels tend to offer better contrast.
Is IPS or VA better for gaming?
Unlike the best gaming monitors, IPS and VA TV panels are on an even playing field. TVs with both technologies are capable of high refresh rates of 120Hz, or occasionally 240Hz (although it usually comes at a premium).
If you focus on single-player gaming, or your multiplayer gaming happens online, the excellent contrast of VA is the way to go. The most gaming benefits you’ll see will come from extra features like Variable Refresh Rate (VRR), Auto Low Latency Mode (ALLM), or cloud game capabilities.
If you’re buying a large screen and intend to host movie nights with friends and family, a TV with an IPS-style panel is far more accommodating thanks to its superior viewing angle. Just be aware that certain content—particularly dark content—won’t pop as much on account of the panel’s shallower black levels.
On the other hand, if you want the best possible picture overall, we recommend investing in a TV with a VA-style panel.
They’re not always ideal candidates for group viewings, but the vast majority of the best non-OLED TVs you can buy feature this display type.
The product experts at Reviewed have all your shopping needs covered. Follow Reviewed on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, TikTok, or Flipboard for the latest deals, product reviews, and more.
Prices were accurate at the time this article was published but may change over time.
| Fundamentals of monitoring. Matrix types: IPS
Quite a lot of time has passed since the creation of the first liquid crystal monitor, when the world realized that it could not continue like this — the quality provided by TN technology was clearly not enough. Those innovations that were designed to correct the shortcomings of TN matrices (TN technology and general principles of operation are discussed in detail in previous articles) saved the situation only partially. It just so happens in the world of technology that some are looking for solutions to emerging problems by upgrading existing developments, while others are not afraid to start everything from scratch. The proud Japanese, under the auspices of Hitachi, looked at all this noise for a long time, then sighed, rolled up their sleeves, and in 1996 showed the world their own development, devoid of the disadvantages of TN technology. She was named IPS (In-Plane Switching) , which can be translated as «in-plane switching». It differed from the standard TN matrix in that, firstly, the crystals in the matrix were not twisted, but were arranged parallel to each other in the same plane (hence the name). And secondly, both contacts for applying voltage were located on the same side of the cell. Schematic representation of a cell in an IPS matrix What was the result? In IPS matrices, in the absence of voltage, light did not pass through the polarizers, therefore, unlike TN technology, the black color here was exactly black. But, as is usually the case in such cases, the solution of old problems gave rise to new ones. Due to the peculiarities of the «design», in order to rotate the crystals, it began to take much more time, respectively, the matrix became much more «slow». Further, since both contacts were located on the same side, this reduced the usable area (slightly, but nonetheless), which, in turn, led to a decrease in the brightness and contrast of the panels created using this technology. But that’s not all. Energy consumption has also increased, both due to technical solutions and through the use of more powerful light sources. In any case, the image quality has become much higher, which allowed several companies to actively rush in search of upgrades in order to reduce the «harmful» parameters and improve the benefits. Simultaneously with Hitachi, the same technology began to be used in NEC (only they called it Super Fine TFT , or SFT ). Already in 1998, Hitachi upgraded IPS panels, reducing the response time. The technology, which was called S-IPS , was immediately adopted by such giants as Dell and Samsung. It is worth noting that today it is in the direction of IPS that there are the most modifications that have gone far from the original version. And although the general points regarding these matrices remain, in many modifications some parameters have been greatly improved. IPS231P One of the latest models from LG based on IPS-matrix So, since 1998, the development of technology has gone in three directions, led by three companies — Hitachi, NEC and LG. So, according to the NEC line, these are matrices: SFT , A-SFT , SA-SFT , UA-SFT . Hitachi line: IPS , S-IPS , AS-IPS , IPS-Pro (versions 2004, 2008 and 2010). Via LG line: S-IPS , AS-IPS , H-IPS (purple flare characteristic of S-IPS was eliminated), E-IPS (reduced power consumption, reduced response time, increased viewing angles), P-IPS (provides 30-bit color depth). Finally, it is worth mentioning one more offshoot — technology ACE (Advanced Coplanar Electrode) from Samsung, but since a monitor created using this technology is almost impossible to find on the market, the future of ACE is still unknown. NEC MultiSync PA301W professional P-IPS monitor Let’s make a reservation right away — IPS means the whole direction, and not the very first technology. Let’s start with minuses :
As we can see, almost nowhere, with the exception of the price (so far), these matrices do not have strong «punctures», moreover, given the amount of technological resources involved in the modernization of this area, it is very likely that the situation will continue will improve. By the way, another interesting point — these matrices are resistant to pressure. Touching the screen on TN- or *VA-matrices leads to short-term deformation of the image (the so-called «waves»). The IPS-matrix does not have such an effect. The ‘s advantages of this technology were obvious from the very beginning and were only constantly enhanced in the future:
The rather high price of IPS-matrices forced us to look for alternative ways to solve the problems posed by the TN-matrix. The solution was the emergence of a third technology, which took an intermediate step between simple TN-matrices and professional monitors based on IPS technology. But that’s a completely different story… |
1 IPS displays are indispensable: 
Despite the presence of small highlights, there will be no significant distortion of shades; 
Smartphones and tablets are equipped with capacious batteries, but due to the increased energy consumption, the battery is barely enough for the whole working day. 
And the new matrix was distinguished by increased color reproduction quality, as well as large viewing angles. However, there were also difficulties. Due to the peculiarities of IPS technology, the response time of the monitor was increased by only a couple of percent. The indicator is not critical, but, alas, it was inferior to the competing TN technology. The name In-Plane Switching indicates that the liquid crystals in the matrix are located on the same plane and are parallel to the plane of the panel. It was this design feature that made it possible to significantly increase the viewing angles. Compared, for example, with VA screens. 
When no signal is applied to the matrix, the crystals remain motionless. The filters are perpendicular to each other and the light does not pass at this time. Therefore, a burnt-out pixel on an IPS monitor will be black, not white. When a signal is applied to the matrix, the crystals rotate, thereby transmitting light. Since all the crystals rotate at the same time, the color filter transmits the image as close as possible to the source. This is another outstanding advantage of IPS technology. And also when you press the display, the IPS matrix will have practically no reaction. While TN and VA monitors will show color «waves». 
The AH-IPS matrix is the pinnacle of this technology, which has absorbed all the best from previous models. 
The technique appealed to professionals who are engaged in photography, video, graphics and other similar tasks. 
So by the middle of 9In the 0s of the last century, an active search for new solutions began that could bring the quality of LCD monitors to a fundamentally new level. 
The first versions differed in one more feature — when looking at the screen from the side, the black color gave a purple tint (later this problem was solved). In the off state, the matrix did not let light through, so now, if a pixel failed, then, unlike TN matrices, not a luminous dot appeared, but a black one. In addition, the quality of color reproduction has increased by an order of magnitude. 
As a result, the price of these matrices is quite high. 
Without going into technical details and features (each subsequent version had better color reproduction, reduced response time or improved contrast), we will list the name of the technologies in the order of their appearance. Just so that you, faced with an incomprehensible abbreviation, know what it is about. 
But recent developments have made it possible, if not to overtake TN matrices, then at least to make the difference in speed very insignificant; 
Back in 2008, they came close to CRT monitors in terms of color reproduction quality. So for serious graphics work, IPS monitors are the only reasonable choice; 
We propose to understand how the matrices differ and which option remains more appropriate in a particular case. 
015 nits, while in IPS analogues this number is 075 nits. Therefore, BA guarantees a deeper, more natural black. This is important when interacting with technology in artificial, not very bright lighting, when watching feature films, when working with photography and video. 
But the quality of image enhancement directly depends on the matrix. Since VA models are characterized by high contrast, they reproduce colors better, making the picture bright and saturated. 
To ensure freedom of movement and long-term work with the gadget, it is worth giving preference to the IPS option. 
The largest color gamut or, more simply, juicy colors; natural color reproduction, which is required for photographers; wide viewing angles up to 178 degrees. But the slowest response (hardware 5 — 8 ms, but can be improved by software) and instead of black — dark purple. It is important to bear in mind that the quality of IPS panels can vary greatly from budget (up to slight fading at an angle) multimedia monitors to professional graphics monitors (sRGB color gamut of 135% or more). 
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The AOC 27G2U is an affordable 27-inch gaming monitor with a resolution of 1920×1080 pixels (classic 16:9 aspect ratio). Unlike the fraternal AOC C27G1 27 » The price is from UAH 8,267 to 9,898, it does not have a screen bend and is based on IPS instead of a VA matrix. An even display without distortion of the shape of objects and an increased color gamut (sRGB 118%, NTSC 85%) allow you to comfortably use it for photo processing and color correction in video editing, at least at an amateur level.
The AOC 27G2U is made gaming not only by its futuristic design, but also by an increased refresh rate from the typical 60-75 to 144 Hz and a reduced (as far as possible for IPS) response time.
So, the GtG hardware delay is only 5 ms, and taking into account the MPRT software acceleration, it is 1 ms. All this adds smoothness in dynamic multiplayer games. And if you want even higher refresh rates and even lower GtG response, take AOC AGON AG272FCX6 27 » Price from 8 807 to 12 144 UAH based on VA-matrix with 165 Hz and 4 ms.
The AOC 27G2U has not been stingy with ergonomics: a wide, weighty leg not only makes the monitor reinforced concrete stable, but also allows you to adjust the height of the screen and even rotate it 90 degrees (another advantage of IPS technology over VA, which, due to the specific shape of the pixels fades in portrait mode). There was a place for a pair of built-in stereo speakers with a total power of 4 W, and four USB ports, and high-speed 3.0. True, a Type-B USB cable for connecting to a PC is not included in the kit (fortunately, it is sold in any electronics store and costs mere pennies).
All in all, the AOC 27G2U is a solid mid-sized monitor that will appeal to hardcore gamers and novice photographers alike.
Of course, for eagle-eyed users, FullHD resolution at 27-inch diagonal may seem too “grainy” (only 82 PPI). But it will certainly allow you to get a stable 144 FPS in eSports games like CSGO and Dota 2, even with an inexpensive graphics card. Moreover, AMD FreeSync Premium and NVIDIA G-Sync technologies automatically synchronize the frame rate with hertz. And if you’re a fan of exclusively story-driven games where 60-75 FPS is enough, you can save some money by buying a 75 Hz AOC 27G2U5 27 » Price from 6,489up to UAH 8 579.
Popular monitors AOC
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Philips 242E1GAJ from 4 999 UAH. Samsung Odyssey G7 32 from 17 999 UAH.
VA panel monitor
+1 video
+5 photos
Philips 325E1C 32″
VA panel, QuadHD resolution, 75Hz refresh rate, 1500R curved screen, FreeSync support.
No significant deficiencies.
Price from 7 985 to 10 304 UAH.
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Philips 325E1C 32″ advanced multimedia monitor with a resolution of 2560×1440 pixels (16:9 aspect ratio), density 93 PPI). Built on the basis of a VA-matrix with an honest hardware 8-bit color depth (simpler models often have only 6-bit plus software FRC improvement). Thanks to this, the color gamut was a solid 123% sRGB and 102% NTSC.
As you can see, the sRGB photographic standard is at the level of IPS matrices, and the cinematic NTSC is even higher for a richer picture.
Philips 325E1C features Flicker Free and Low Blue Light technology to make your PC experience not only enjoyable, but also eye-friendly. The first eliminates monitor backlight flicker (pulse-width modulation, PWM for short), and the second reduces the saturation of blue color in the evening, so that later it will be easier to fall asleep. In addition, the high static contrast ratio of the VA matrix — 3000:1 versus 1000:1 for IPS — allows you to work at the monitor at a lower brightness, which also has a positive effect on eye health.
The screen of the Philips 325E1C is made slightly curved — the radius of curvature is 1500R. This, firstly, eliminates the effect of the visual bulge of a large diagonal screen when viewed from a close distance. And secondly, it enhances the effect of viewer immersion in a movie or game. By the way, gamers will definitely appreciate the slightly increased screen refresh rate of up to 75 Hz, low GtG hardware latency of 4 ms, and FreeSync frame rate synchronization technology with hertz.
All in all, the Philips 325E1C is a relatively expensive 32″ QuadHD monitor with an elegant design and no frills in the form of an adjustable stand (only the tilt angle changes), USB ports and built-in speakers (however, external stereo speakers can still be connected to 3.5 -mm audio jack). But here the picture, as they say, is worth all the money: with high color rendering sRGB and especially NTSC, and high static contrast. Behind such a monitor it is equally comfortable to work and relax with a movie or a game. And if you want more, then take a closer look at Philips 328E1CA 32 » Price from 12 159up to 13 652 UAH. 4K resolution or Philips 346B1C 34″ with 21:9 aspect ratio.
Popular monitors Philips
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Dell Alienware AW2521H from 13 219UAH MSI Optix G271 from 6 799 UAH. MSI Optix G241V from UAH 4,170 Samsung Odyssey G3 27 from 6 499 UAH Xiaomi Mi Surface Display 34 from UAH 15,582 Samsung Odyssey G5 34 from 12 399 UAH QUBE Overlord G24F144 from 4 767 UAH. Philips 242E1GAJ from 4 999 UAH. Samsung Odyssey G7 32 from 17 999 UAH.
Conclusions
If a monitor with a TN-matrix now makes sense to buy only in case of a very limited budget, then there is no unequivocal answer which is better — IPS or VA — no. On average, the color palette of IPS is more natural (as in real life), while that of VA is deliberately more juicy, warm, and pleasing to the eye (unfortunately, there are no such colors in nature). For professional work with graphics, perhaps, IPS is better suited, and for entertainment (movies, games) — VA. But again, technical specifications (color gamut, response time) can vary greatly depending on the monitor model. Cheap IPS will be worse for photo processing than expensive VA.
And the top IPS even in games will be faster than the initial VA. So when choosing a monitor, focus not so much on the type of matrix as on the indicators of sRGB, NTSC and GtG.
Type of matrix VA or IPS — which is better?
The profile market offers a huge selection of equipment, among which it is easy to find an option that fits into the individual requirements of customers and the available budget. If you still have not decided which type of matrix to prefer when buying a monitor for a computer, laptop or TV, you should determine the purpose for which the purchase is being made.
IPS displays are indispensable:
- Creative professionals such as designers, architects. Models support sRGB calibration, while showing a picture whose colors are close to natural. What the user sees on the screen, he will eventually receive on paper;
- For gamers who play on the latest generation of consoles. HDR support recommended. Despite the grayish blacks, the high contrast offsets this shortcoming and allows you to enjoy the rich hues of other colors.
VA screens are recommended:
- People who are fond of e-sports, because in this case, a quick response solves many problems;
- Users who work with a large amount of documentation. High contrast in a positive way affects the readability of the text and minimizes the negative impact on the eyes;
- Fans of rich black color who prefer frequent relaxation in the company of cinema products.
However, there is not much difference between IPS and VA. Both options do an excellent job with their tasks, namely, they reproduce the picture in high quality.
PLS matrices
In principle, PLS is, in a sense, a development of IPS matrices, but a somewhat cheaper option. They have such advantages as high brightness and good color reproduction, rather large viewing angles. Naturally, it was not without drawbacks. The response time of PLS matrices is slightly worse than that of TN, but better than VA.
Summarizing the types of matrices, let’s say this: if you have a limited budget, or you are a gamer — choose monitors on TN matrices. For professional photographers and designers, as well as watching movies, it makes sense to invest in S-IPS . Well, for office work and drawing graphics, definitely look towards MVA / PVA.
Now let’s decide on the diagonal of our future monitor. In principle, 24 inches is enough for comfortable work. It is pointless to take less, because with a resolution of Full HD (1920×1080) Screen text becomes too small.
Best type of matrix for TV
When choosing a TV set VA matrix becomes the choice for many users who want to save on their purchase. However, keep in mind that the technique will please you only if it is used in a small room, where the maximum deviation of the user’s position relative to the TV is no more than 20⁰.
If the TV is purchased for the living room, you should give preference to IPS-solutions, as the matrix has a large viewing angle and the position of the user is not of fundamental importance.
You can watch the TV screen while sitting, lying down or in motion.
VA or IPS for gaming?
Response time matters when playing actively. Budget models equipped with IPS screens have a short response time, which is unacceptable for professional players. At the same time, the lack of a filter that reflects glare, the relatively low contrast and spots on the backlight also work against inexpensive technology.
In general, the IPS-matrix demonstrates a good image, allowing you to play comfortably in normal lighting.
If the player interacts with the screen in the evening, while there is no bright artificial lighting in the room, a VA or OLED matrix is perfect.
What is better IPS or VA matrix? Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is for this reason that it is worth weighing all the pros and cons, determining the goals and objectives, taking into account the scenario for operating the equipment, the parameters of the room where it will be located, and then making a choice in favor of the appropriate option.
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Monitor choice in 2020 — which matrix is better TN, VA or IPS
This material was written by a site visitor and rewarded.
Buying a good monitor is easy. You need to choose a more expensive model and pay several thousand dollars for it. That’s just what to do if you do not have that kind of money or you are not ready to part with it. In this case, it is worth understanding the technologies that are currently on the market. So, monitors are represented by the following types of matrices: TN, VA and IPS. It is on their basis that the displays of laptops, smartphones and other gadgets are made. There are others, but they are not yet represented by several models for geeks.
The problem of choosing a monitor during the New Year holidays is especially relevant. Grandfather Frost strives to give good boys some useful thing, and it depends only on you whether the old man will make the right choice, or whether you will remember his rash step for a long time, wiping your tears after sitting at the monitor for an hour.
Let’s get started. 2020 is on the way. Which monitor to choose: expensive for IPS, cheap for TN or balanced for VA. Let’s go through the main features.
recommendations
Viewing angles. The TN has terrible viewing angles with significant color and contrast shifts in both the horizontal and vertical directions. IPS have near-perfect viewing angles, which is why most professional monitors are in this class. With VA, things are not so simple: the most important thing here is to choose the right model. There are monitors on the market that are practically not inferior to IPS in this characteristic, and there are those that are slightly better than their counterparts with a TN matrix.
Brightness and contrast. The good news is that there are almost no differences in brightness between the matrices. Unless, of course, your manufacturer has decided to save on this feature. But with contrast, TN is not good. Let’s take a look at the table, everything is clearly indicated there.
Color quality. Everything is simple here, most TN monitors are 6-bit, which means that you should not expect a high-quality picture from them. VA start from 8 bits, but some reach the treasured 10 bits. As for IPS, they delight with excellent performance and demonstrate the best picture.
Color range. There are almost no differences between VA and IPS in this indicator. Both technologies provide up to 125% sRGB coverage and can perform well in DCI-P3. But we are talking about expensive high-quality monitors, because IPS has several trump cards in its pocket, thanks to which professionals can get 100% coverage of DCI-P3 and Adobe RGB. TN trails behind, barely reaching 100% sRGB.
Prices. All this time you could see that TN matrices are simply disgusting. But when it comes to price, no technology can match cheap TN monitors. Moreover, only this technology allows the production of 240-Hz displays. VA reach up to 200 Hz, IPS up to 165 Hz.
Curiously, expensive professional IPS monitors have a refresh rate of up to 90 Hz.
Response time. For a long time, this characteristic favorably distinguished monitors built on a TN matrix. However, recently manufacturers have learned to make VA and IPS displays with very low response times, which makes it comfortable to feel both in single-player games and in high-speed multiplayer shooters.
We’ve covered the basics. Some experts suggest considering TN as the weakest technology. VA is the golden mean, and IPS is a matrix for aesthetes who prefer natural color reproduction. Accordingly, according to these ideas, TN is for the cheapest monitors, VA is a compromise, and IPS is for those who have extra money. It cannot be said that there is no sound grain in this statement, however, not everything is so simple. Many of those who have never seen a 244-Hz matrix in operation say that it does not provide any visible advantages. Just like there is no difference between four milliseconds and 8 milliseconds.
Allegedly, the human eye does not see the differences. Let’s take a look at a short video.
P.S. With , there is also an OLED matrix, which compares favorably with all competitors. But the prices for such monitors start where the prices for the most advanced analogues on IPS end. As many experts say about this: the main thing is to choose and bring the monitor home. This is against the background of dozens of other models, it can look better or worse, but at home you will have nothing to compare with. The color scheme will quickly become familiar to you, and brightness, contrast (if they are at a good level) and dozens of other characteristics will immediately become close and dear to you.
This material was written by a site visitor and has been rewarded.
What is the best monitor for gaming
IPS offers the best visual quality with the widest viewing angles. TN, in turn, is inferior in visual display characteristics, but offers the best response time and refresh rate. VA is between them and combines a high-quality picture and high performance, however, in most models, the response time lags behind even IPS. Let’s discuss monitors one by one.
When choosing a monitor, there are several factors to consider: refresh rate, response time, contrast, color gamut, and other characteristics.
Most of these characteristics depend on the type of matrix selected. Knowing what to expect from panel types will make your search for the perfect gaming monitor much easier!
I will now describe the above types of screens and focus on their advantages and disadvantages.
IPS — «In-Plane Switching» technology designed to increase viewing angles. This technology is the basis for many monitors, TVs and smartphones.
Its main advantages are wide viewing angles, high contrast and excellent color reproduction.
On the other hand, IPS panels are limited when it comes to refresh rates, which are capped at 4ms. Models that reach 144Hz refresh rates are more expensive than other types of displays.
TN — «Twisted-Nematic», are the highest performing screens, with the best rates and response times. 144Hz panels are much cheaper than their IPS counterparts, and gaming models reach 240Hz. The real response time is up to 1 ms.
However, as mentioned above, TN matrices are inferior to other panels in picture quality. Colors look rather washed out and viewing angles are narrow. Because of this, they are not suitable for users who want to enjoy picture quality, but gamers love them for their performance. Also TN screens do not support HDR quality.
VA — «Vertical Alignment» is somewhere between IPS and TN. Their color reproduction and viewing angles are close to IPS and are superior in contrast.
In addition, some expensive monitors offer 1ms response times and refresh rates up to 144Hz.
But VA monitors currently available have long response times, and in fast-paced game and movie scenes, gamers will be distracted by trails — you know, when dynamic elements in a frame drag or smudge. In addition, there are still problems with overexposure or clouding of the backlight, which is quite noticeable during dark scenes. Each model of VA monitors needs to be carefully inspected in the store before purchase, so I do not recommend buying them.
When it comes to choosing the best LCD panel, you have to think about the importance of refresh rate and response time.
Refresh time — measured in Hertz (Hz) and indicates how many frames per second the screen can display. The most common frequencies today are 60 Hz and 144 Hz. There are also 244Hz monitors, but most people won’t notice a difference compared to 144Hz due to the small differences when increasing an already high refresh rate.
Higher frame rate means higher display speed in games, which can easily exceed 60 frames. This high performance means a smooth and fast picture, which allows gamers to quickly react to the situation and give them an advantage in games. Especially in dynamic games.
Keep in mind that for such a high FPS you will need a powerful video card!
Worth mentioning are some of the motion interpolation technologies, many of which are used by modern televisions. For example, Sony advertises TV models with a frequency of 400 Hz. thanks to Motionflow technology. These are just cosmic indicators!
This effect uses a co-processor that inserts extra frames to smooth the video. This is a good way to smoothly watch movies, but it is completely unsuitable for games due to extremely large delays in the display of frames.
Pixel response time, measured in ms, indicates how long it takes a pixel to change its color.
Similar to refresh rate, fast response has a significant impact on screen performance.
A high response time results in blurring due to the inability of the pixels to quickly change colors.
Be aware that some people may not notice a difference of a few ms. The best way to be sure of the right choice is to personally test it in practice. Let’s add from ourselves, if you have had experience with playing on a monitor with a response of 1 ms, then the difference with a screen of 4 ms will not be very noticeable. In any case, the fast response time will make fast scenes in games and movies as enjoyable as possible.
And so, in the final analysis, the correct answer to the question «which technology is better» simply does not exist. All of them have disadvantages and advantages.
If you are looking for the best performance for little money, then your choice is TN matrices, which are the fastest and most affordable today.
IPS is the ideal solution for those who need maximum picture quality and performance is not important. Of course, there are IPS panels with a frequency of 144Hz, but they are more expensive than their counterparts.
VA panels are attractive to users who want good picture and performance at an affordable price. But keep in mind that VA matrices are not equal to IPS in terms of color reproduction and will not be as fast as TN. In addition, inexpensive models already have problems with overexposure and trails.
All things considered, only you can decide which technology suits your needs.
IPS:
— Excellent picture
— Top viewing angles
— Wide color gamut
TN:
— Fastest screen
— 1ms response time
— Supports 244Hz
VA
:
— IPS level color rendering
— Best contrast ratio
— Some TN level performance.
IPS:
— Display frequencies above 60Hz are rare and expensive
— 4ms response time at best.
TN:
— Weak viewing angles
— Blurry color reproduction
VA:
— Overexposure and backlight issues in general
— Noticeable response time
IPS vs TN vs VA
, color range, etc. They are strongly influenced by the type of matrix used in the display. If you understand what to expect from each of these types, you can make it much easier for yourself to choose the best gaming monitor.
In this article, we will briefly review the three most common types of matrices listed in the title, consider their advantages, disadvantages and differences from each other, so that you can decide which is best for you personally.
Short answer
IPS panels have the best color reproduction and viewing angles, TN panels have the best performance, i.e. maximum refresh rate and minimum response time, and VA panels have the best contrast and a good ratio of performance and image quality, although response time is usually slightly higher.
IPS
IPS stands for in-plane switching. This is a very popular type of matrix used in a wide variety of devices, be it monitors, TVs, smartphones or other devices. The main advantage is the better picture quality, which mainly comes down to better color reproduction and wider viewing angles compared to TN-matrices. The contrast ratio is approximately the same with TN matrices and can vary greatly depending on the quality of a particular matrix.
One of the drawbacks of IPS panels is backlight problems, infamously known as «IPS glow». Also, response times can’t go below 4ms, and while IPS monitors with 144Hz refresh rates aren’t uncommon, they’re usually more expensive than their VA or TN counterparts.
Pros
- Excellent image quality
- Best viewing angles
- Maximum color range
Cons
- Minimum response time — 4 ms
- Refresh rate rarely exceeds 60 Hz
TN
TN stands for «twisted-nematic», translated as «twisted nematic», one of the types of liquid crystals.
This is the fastest sensor type of the three, providing the highest refresh rate and lowest response time. In particular, you should pay attention to the response time, because no other type of sensor can achieve a true 1 ms pixel response time. In addition, TN monitors with a refresh rate of 144 Hz are usually cheaper than IPS models, and 240 Hz values can only reach TN panels.
But, as already mentioned, TN matrices are inferior in image quality. Colors look washed out and viewing angles are quite poor, so these monitors will not appeal to those who prefer a beautiful picture over speed. It is also worth noting that very few TN matrices support HDR technology, and if they do, they do not have enough contrast to fully use it.
Pros
- Fastest die type
- Easily achieves 1ms response time and 144Hz refresh rate
Cons
- Mediocre color reproduction
- Very poor viewing angles
VA
Finally, VA (vertical alignment) matrices represent a kind of compromise between IPS and TN.
Color reproduction and viewing angles of VA matrices are usually close to those of IPS matrices, but VAs tend to have much better contrast.
However, this sensor type has the longest response time of all, and image retention is not uncommon. It is especially noticeable in dark scenes or fast-paced games. In addition, some VA matrices have problems with backlight unevenness and glow, but again this depends on the quality of a particular monitor.
Pros
- Color reproduction comparable to IPS
- Best contrast ratio
- More expensive models comparable to TN in response time
Cons
- Usually response time is higher than
- No longer so common in monitors
Which die to choose?
When choosing the right sensor, the first question to answer is what is more important to you, image or performance? And secondly, there is always the price factor.
Refresh rate
The display refresh rate, measured in hertz (Hz), indicates how many frames per second it can display.
Most monitors have a 60Hz refresh rate, but gaming monitors tend to have higher refresh rates. At the moment, the most common values are 75, 120, 144, 200 and 240 Hz, the most popular in specialized gaming monitors is 144 Hz.
Why is this parameter so important?
As mentioned above, a higher refresh rate means the monitor is displaying a higher frame rate. So while a 60Hz monitor can only output 60fps with V-sync active, a 144Hz monitor can only output 144fps. Clearly, higher frame rates provide greater fluidity and responsiveness, which can provide a valuable advantage in multiplayer.
But keep in mind that in order to achieve such frame rates in demanding games, you will need a fairly powerful video card. Luckily, esports games aren’t that demanding, so even weaker graphics cards can deliver triple-digit frame rates in them.
Response time
Pixel response time, measured in milliseconds (ms), indicates how long it takes one pixel to change color from white to black and vice versa, or from one shade of gray to another.
Like a high refresh rate, a short response time makes the display more responsive. While too long a response time can potentially cause problems with motion blur and trails, which is called “image retention”.
Keep in mind that for some people, the difference of a few milliseconds between a time of 1 and 4 ms is almost imperceptible. In principle, with a long response time, most people experience discomfort only when it is above 10 ms. You can be sure that you will not find a gaming monitor with such a long response time.
The best way to determine how important response time is to you is to check it out for yourself, but if you’re not used to playing on a monitor with a 1ms response time, then a value of 4ms is unlikely to confuse you.
Conclusion
Ultimately, it is impossible to unequivocally answer the question which is better. All three technologies have their advantages and disadvantages.
If you want maximum performance, perhaps for less money, then the TN matrix is probably the best choice for you — it is currently the fastest and cheapest type of matrix. 9The 0046
IPS is the go-to option for anyone looking for image quality over performance, although as mentioned, you can try to combine the best by buying an IPS monitor with a 144Hz refresh rate, but that can be a bit more expensive.
Finally, VA panels are best suited for those who need both good image and performance at an affordable price, but keep in mind that it is impossible to be a jack-of-all-trades, so a VA panel will fall short of IPS in terms of color reproduction at more duty compared to TN response time.
Source: gamingscan.com
VA vs. IPS matrix — which is better
What is a VA matrix
The main matrices are VA and IPS. Of course, they have many differences. To begin with, we will figure out what VA displays are.
This type of matrix was introduced in 1996. Not so long ago, considering when the first displays appeared. VA is one of the divisions of liquid crystal displays. The need for the production of this type of matrices was due to the improvement of the price / quality ratio. Since at the time of the start of production of such displays, TN type screens were widespread. There are still many complaints about their quality, and at the end of the 20th century it was the only type that paid off in production.
The first company to start producing VA-matrices is the Japanese corporation Fujitsu. It was founded in 1935 and has been constantly improving displays ever since.
To understand how the matrix works, you need to decipher the abbreviation VA. Translated into Russian, it means vertical alignment. That is, in the case of such displays, the pixels are perpendicular to the surface of the screen.
Of course, the VA matrix was not perfect. Therefore, in the future, individual companies began to present their own modifications. They were MVA, P-MVA and AMVA.
What is an IPS-matrix
The IPS-matrix was also widely used in the late 1990s. The abbreviation stands for In-Plan-Switching, which means on-site switching. Due to the feature that became the name of this type, such liquid crystal monitors display the picture on a more active matrix.
IPS panels were pioneered by Hitachi and NEC, who conducted pilot studies in 1996 year.
IPS panels have become the successors of TN type matrices. The previously existing view could not boast of a high-quality picture, although it was not so expensive. The development of technology has prompted manufacturers to look for a new version of the matrix, which eventually resulted in a confrontation between VA and IPS.
The distinguishing feature of the latter type of matrix is the width of the screen. An IPS monitor is noticeably wider than a similar panel with other views. This is due to the backlight, which is forced to illuminate all the pixels at once.
During its existence, this type of matrix has undergone a number of significant changes. Now on the market it is difficult to find a monitor with IPS of its original form. Well-known companies use S-IPS, AS-IPS, H-IPS and other matrices in their products.
Matrix type TN
Inside view of the matrix used in everyday TN matrix (panel).
Twisted Nematic technology (from the English Twisted Nematic, abbreviated TN) is the oldest of the above matrix options in our communication, but it has been tested for many years, refined to the limit and the maximum of its capabilities is squeezed out of it. Any monitors for cars, home use, work with a TN type matrix are very budgetary, and because of this they are very popular and are present in most electronics and auto electronics stores.
For example, monitors with TN-type matrices are installed in almost all educational institutions, state. institutions, offices, regular automotive equipment (factory) due to its low price. And in general, this is normal, for working with the most banal applications, listening to music in the car, this efficiency is quite enough for the background. According to knee statistics, today approximately 90% of used monitors have a TN-type matrix.
Plus TN matrix:
- Cheap price
- Low response time
Cons of TN matrices:
- Poor color reproduction
- No viewing angles
- Ancient technology
- High power consumption 90 90 07
Summarizing the above, we can say that today there is no monitor with ideal parameters that would be suitable for any activity and would suit everyone, if you play better one type of monitor, for multimedia needs another type of matrix, and for third work.
When buying, we recommend that you decide on the main direction of application of your monitor and, based on these parameters or the above information, you will definitely make the right choice when choosing.
Differences between VA and IPS matrices
Going to the store to buy a monitor, TV or laptop, a person involuntarily pays attention to the type of matrix used. Increasingly, you have to choose between IPS and VA. Moreover, there is no consensus on which type can rightly be called the best. Each matrix has both advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, the main selection criterion is compliance with one’s own needs.
When choosing a matrix, you need to start from the following characteristics:
- Contrast.
- Illumination quality.
- Viewing angles.
- Color display efficiency.
- Response speed.
- Motion reproduction.
- Black level.
This list can be continued for several more points, but the highlighted features are the most important. So say buyers who value first of all the quality of the image. Next, we will analyze each characteristic in detail in order to understand in which cases IPS looks better, and in which VA.
Contrast
Image contrast is the most important parameter to consider when choosing a monitor. To understand what this characteristic affects, you need to understand the meaning of the term «contrast». This is the ability of an image to convey the difference between colors. That is, the more contrast the picture, the more pronounced the colors will be.
In the confrontation between two types of matrices VA and IPS, the first type wins a clear victory in terms of contrast. It displays a huge number of shades, so the viewer can track the difference even in the most subtle details. This advantage is due to the vertical alignment system, which is expressed in the name VA.
The ratio of 3500:1 is considered to be the average value of the contrast characteristic. With it, the smallest details in the color of the sky or the outfits of the main characters will be visible on the screen. However, individual matrices can achieve a ratio of 6000:1. Here the result is already close to what a person sees in real life.
Unfortunately, the indicators indicated above are relevant only for VA format matrices. IPS panels, as a rule, are able to please the buyer only with a ratio of 1400: 1. Moreover, some experimental studies show that individual TV models do not even reach this result. In fact, a ratio of 850:1 is obtained, which, of course, is not enough to understand all the details of the image.
Backlight Uniformity
This setting directly affects the image quality. After all, when a person looks at the TV screen, he needs a backlight to perceive the picture. Without it, all pixels will be darkened. This feature is especially important when watching a movie during daylight hours.
But in this case we are not interested in the brightness level. Still, direct sunlight rarely hits the panel itself. Much more important will be the uniformity of the backlight. If it is heterogeneous, then colors are distorted in some areas of the monitor, yellow spots and other artifacts appear that affect perception.
Backlight uniformity should not be associated solely with the type of matrix. Much more important is the quality of the screen and its cost.
In cheap models, little attention is paid to this indicator, regardless of whether a VA or IPS matrix is \u200b\u200binstalled.
To compare the two types of matrix in terms of backlight uniformity, you need to take monitors of a similar price segment. On paper, they should be of the same quality, which means nothing will prevent an objective comparison of characteristics. In this case, VA panels again stand out, as the technology itself suggests a more even distribution of pixels. And if the backlight is in the background, then its uniformity will be similar.
In the case of IPS, the buyer has to deal with certain distortions in the uniformity of light distribution. Usually the flaw comes to the surface when a person looks at the corners of the screen. Small spots may appear here, which, however, ordinary buyers bypass. After all, to notice a big difference with VA, you need to spend a lot of time behind the monitor.
It is also impossible to deny the fact that expensive IPS-matrices are practically devoid of a highlighted disadvantage. But they usually cost more than competitors VA. Therefore, the victory in the comparison of backlight uniformity should be given to the type of matrix with vertical pixel alignment.
Viewing Angle
Of course, if a person works at a computer or watches TV alone, they will most likely look at the screen at a right angle. In this case, there will be no overexposure, and the colors will not be distorted. But it is worth stepping aside a little, as the difference between matrices of excellent types and price categories becomes clear.
For people who gather in a large company to watch a movie or a football match, it will be important that the matrix has wide viewing angles. In this case, the person sitting in the middle, and the one who is located on the very edge, will not experience a difference in picture quality. Also, the parameter is important for those who pay attention to the screen from the side, doing their own thing.
And here, in terms of viewing angles, the situation is utterly obvious. But not in favor of VA, as one might think from the very beginning of the review. If IPS-panels in standard modifications have an indicator of 178 degrees, then the competitor fends off the opponent with only 140-150 degrees. At first glance, the difference may seem barely noticeable. But in practice, it becomes clear that VA panels are designed to view content at right angles.
Color Efficiency
In addition to the number of colors a screen can display, efficiency is just as important. After all, often the indicated number of colors in practice can hardly be estimated.
Considering this parameter, you need to distinguish between TVs with HDR support and without it. This option directly affects the color efficiency, and it is present in both VA and IPS panels. Therefore, other things being equal, it is impossible to notice the difference between the matrices. With HDR support, they display colors equally.
But what happens in cheaper models that don’t have HDR? Here the contrast parameter comes to the fore, and it is known to be noticeably higher in VA screens. So this type of matrix without HDR support wins in the confrontation with IPS.
Response speed
The specified parameter will be extremely important while watching dynamic scenes in movies, as well as for gamers. Response speed is how quickly the screen changes from one color range to another. If the indicator is weak, then artifacts will appear in the picture. Naturally, a fastidious user is unlikely to want to see such shortcomings. Therefore, it is important to compare how VA and IPS matrices perform.
For viewing TV channels, the response speed parameter does not play an important role.
Usually VA monitors perform much better in dynamic scenes due to the response speed of 1 ms. Colors change quickly, so that the eyes do not have time to appreciate the difference. This greatly affects the immersion in the process. With a VA matrix, a person will watch action movies with a high degree of comfort, as well as play on a computer.
As far as IPS panels are concerned, here the response rate is significantly inferior to the competitor. As many as 3 ms it takes screens for one scene to change another. In practice, this is expressed in the plume that remains after changing the exposure. If a person conducts an intense firefight in a game, then he will encounter artifacts on the screen, no matter how powerful the computer is.
Motion reproduction
A person who sits down to watch a football match on TV wants the picture to change smoothly and the movements of the athletes to be natural, just like in real life. The same requirements can be applied to any other way of viewing content.
If we compare VA and IPS matrices by this indicator, even a professional will hardly notice the difference. These screens display motion equally well regardless of the level of contrast or color efficiency. Therefore, if smoothness is crucial, then the final choice will have to be made solely because of the cost of a particular matrix.
Black level and uniformity
This parameter is related to the image contrast, since it determines how many shades the screen can display. But how deep will the black be?
If we take modern models of TVs and monitors, then panels with a VA matrix will give a figure up to 0.015 nits. Opponents have an indicator up to 0.075 nits. The difference is very significant, which means that when viewing a low-light scene, the owner of a VA screen will experience more immersion.
The advantage of VA panels in terms of black depth comes from the bandwidth of the pixels in IPS, where too much light has to be used.
The realism of IPS panels suffers greatly despite wide viewing angles. But recently, TV models with support for local dimming have been increasingly produced. It is designed to level the difference in terms of black depth. But such functions are available only in expensive devices whose resolution reaches 4K.
Energy efficiency
It cannot be said that this parameter is very important. Still, while playing games or watching movies, a person pays attention to image quality. And practically no one cares what bill for electricity consumption will come at the end of the month. But still, the energy efficiency parameter cannot be ignored. At least in order to add a plus to IPS matrices.
IPS panels consume less power because they have lower peak brightness. Of course, this translates into poor backlight uniformity, but with electricity savings, such matrices are doing well.
Types of VA matrices
As already noted, the VA matrix gradually began to improve. Hence, different types of it began to appear. MVA can be considered a new version of this technology. A little later, PVA-matrices appeared, the production of which was taken up by Samsung. Now we will consider each type of matrix in more detail, since different technologies and approaches have not only their advantages, but also certain disadvantages.
VA sensors have enhanced contrast and true-to-life blacks. At the same time, the viewing angles are quite small. Moreover, under the slightest tilt, the colors immediately fade. Therefore, it is recommended to be directly in front of the monitor or TV, but not somewhere on the side. Such screens stand out due to the high definition of the image. Even in bright weather, VA displays can be used without problems, because the picture will still be clearly visible.
MVA matrix
MVA is the logical continuation of VA technology. Moreover, the new development turned out to be better in literally everything, because many of the shortcomings of the predecessor were partially or completely eliminated:
PVA matrix
The PVA matrix is a unique development of the South Korean giant Samsung. Although from the very beginning it was considered plagiarism, which was successfully disguised in order not to pay for an expensive patent to a direct competitor. The undeniable advantages of this technology include low price and excellent contrast. The quality of the image on PVA displays is pleasing to the eye. Especially such screens will appeal to professionals who actively work at the computer, doing design, photography, video editing, and so on.
Viewing angles have been significantly improved in Pva panels, and blacks are distinctly deep and saturated. Full order and with response time. But what you can find fault with is certain color distortions if there is a horizontal deviation. At the same time, the latest models of such matrices are already gradually removing this “old sore”, since the technology today is seriously improved.
There are also many different variations of VA and PVA matrices: AMVA, ASVA, Super MVA, Super PVA, ASV, etc., but they do not yet have significant differences from the main types.
Differences between IPS and VA matrices
Now the most popular matrices for TVs and monitors are IPS and VA. However, they have a number of distinctive features. In VA matrices, crystals are aligned vertically (Vertical Alignment). As for IPS technology, the principle of planar switching (In-Plane Switching) is used here. The very same crystal alignment here is carried out horizontally. At the same time, the task in both cases is the same — to form an image by passing light through filters and pixel blocks. It’s just that they have a different approach to the issue.
Comparing VA or IPS matrices: which type is better
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Contents
- VA Matrix
- General Information
- Manufacturing Technology
- Pros and Cons of VA Matrices
- What is an IPS Matrix
- Uniformity and Black Level
- Matrix vs.
90 Matrix0007
- Types of VA matrices
- MVA matrix
- PVA matrix
- Differences between IPS matrices and VA
- What is better for a monitor — VA or IPS?
- Response time in VA and IPS matrix for monitor
- Which matrix is better — VA or IPS
- For TV
- For monitor
VA matrix
The
VA is a matrix with vertical alignment technology at its core. He replaced the well-known TN. In the normal state, the liquid crystal has a perpendicular alignment.
General
The VA Matrix was developed 24 years ago. It was first produced by Fujitsu. They invented a new liquid crystal matrix technology. The crystals in them are arranged perpendicularly. In the traditional position, polarized light passes unhindered through the liquid crystals.
The Matrix has of course been improved over the years. In this regard, there are currently several varieties of it. A newer version can be considered an MVA. Over time, PVA-based products also appeared. Samsung was involved in their production. Each type has its own characteristics:
- MVA. The technology of the future that replaced VA. This option is better than the first option in every way. Almost all previous shortcomings have been eliminated over time. MVA significantly reduced the reaction rate. Improved color accuracy. They are several times richer. Blacks are deeper and better. Viewing angles for MVA have increased to 160-180 degrees. Only in difficult situations do small details disappear at a certain angle.
- PVA. This is a unique development of Samsung. The main advantages include excellent contrast ratio and low cost. Viewing angles are much better in this form factor. Black shades are rich and deep. The only drawback is the distortion of some colors.
Manufacturing technology
The vertical alignment principle is used in production. Liquid crystals are arranged perpendicularly. It is in this position that the rays pass without problems.
The second polarizer blocks the passage of light. Thus, a color contrast is created. Modern products use the new multi-domain structure technology. Each cell has several crystals. This technology takes visualization to a new level.
Pros and Cons of VA Matrices
The matrix has both its advantages and disadvantages. Positives include fast response times, wide viewing angles, and high contrast levels.
The disadvantages include the fact that the color reproduction is not as good as we would like. In addition, at certain viewing angles in complex scenes, some small details disappear, but this drawback cannot be considered critical.
What is IPS Matrix
In 1996, the first IPS-matrix appeared. The double name is due to the fact that two companies participated in the development. She is the main competitor of VA. The idea of creating IPS was to develop a matrix without the characteristic disadvantages of TN. The main features of the novelty are wide viewing angles, excellent contrast and color reproduction.
IPS displays are thicker than displays based on other types of matrices. This is due to the need to use lamps with maximum power. Backlit matrix options are quite often used in the production of smartphones and tablets.
IPS matrices are actively used in photo processing and 3D modeling. The range of applications fully explains the main advantages of the technology in question. This type of sensor is capable of providing excellent color reproduction. IPS screens are capable of emitting a wide range of different colors.
Today there are many modifications of this matrix. Let us consider in detail only the most interesting of them:
- The first refinement of the classic design was the S-IPS panel, which appeared two years after the original design. The modification had improved responsiveness and increased contrast;
- AS-IPS was introduced a year later. The developers were able to significantly improve the brightness and contrast of the image;
- In 2007, the H-IPS sensor was developed for photographers and designers.
The developers have comprehensively optimized the translation of white tones;
- In 2009, an inexpensive modification called E-IPS was introduced. It uses lower quality equipment, which reduces the final cost of the matrix. However, the reaction rate was still improved;
- A year later, the Professional-IPS matrix was introduced, which supports 102-bit color space. It was capable of displaying 1 billion colors. The developers also managed to optimize the «True color» mode;
- The last noteworthy modification appeared in 2011. Samsung introduced the Plane-to-Line Switching matrix. The pixel density is significantly higher compared to the available counterparts. This provides the best brightness. PLS is mainly used on mobile devices of the South Korean brand.
We have taken a detailed look at the history of both types of matrices, as well as their strengths and weaknesses. Now it’s time to move on to the comparison.
Uniformity and black level
Absolute black levels are undeniably better represented by VA matrices, regardless of the brand under which the display was released and its particular model. Regular versions are capable of black levels of 0.025 to 0.015 nits, while IPS screens have a more modest black level of 0.07 to 0.09nit.
This difference is especially noticeable when viewing high-contrast images or in low-light indoor environments.
This feature can be called the biggest disadvantage of IPS panels, since black is just as important to the image as all other colors. In this respect, the advantage is clearly on the side of VA. Accordingly, the contrast is higher, since it is calculated as the ratio of the brightness of black and white colors.
A typical VA monitor can achieve a ratio of 3500:1, and top models even 6000:1. In the case of IPS, this ratio rarely exceeds 1500:1. This is important to consider for those who are engaged in professional image and video processing — in this case, the preference should definitely belong to a monitor with a VA matrix.
Differences between VA and IPS matrices
When choosing a sensor, buyers usually compare key features. There are no significant differences in VA and IPS matrices, but they are nonetheless present. The main indicators are shown in the table.
| Indicator | VPS | IPS |
| Blackness and contrast | Here VPS undoubtedly takes the leading place. Thanks to the unique design, the pixels let in less light. All images look contrasted and saturated. | Blacks are less saturated on IPS. In cheaper models, it may even appear gray. |
| Viewing angle | At a large angle, the contrast is significantly reduced. This can be a huge disadvantage when using the monitor in a large room. Also, the wider the screen, the greater the angle at which rays are received from the edges of the screen. The last problem has recently begun to be solved by bending the screen. | The matrix is popular precisely because of the large viewing angle. |
| Glow effect | VPS also has a glow effect, but this happens much less frequently. |
Glow effect is an uneven screen backlight. This issue is more common on IPS screens. The uneven illumination is especially pronounced in a dark room. In new high-quality models, this effect is minimized. |
The table shows that both types of matrices have both their advantages and disadvantages. When buying, it is better to focus on the purpose for which the screen will be used.
Types of VA matrices
As already mentioned, the VA matrix gradually began to improve. Hence the emergence of its various types. MVA can be considered a new version of this technology. Later, a PVA matrix appeared, which was produced by Samsung. Now we will consider each type of matrix in more detail, since different technologies and approaches have not only their advantages, but also some disadvantages.
VA sensors provide higher contrast and also display richer blacks. At the same time, viewing angles are pretty bad. In addition, at the slightest tilt, the colors immediately disappear. Therefore, it is recommended to stand directly in front of the monitor or TV, but not to the side. These screens are characterized by high definition images. Even in bright weather, VA displays can be used without problems, as the image will still be clearly visible.
MVA matrix
MVA is a logical continuation of VA technology. And the new version turned out to be better in literally everything, since many of the shortcomings of its predecessor were partially or completely eliminated:
- The response time has been greatly reduced. Now this indicator can be safely compared with the results of TN-matrices.
- Improved color accuracy and color saturation.
- Black as always deep and high quality.
- Viewing angles have also increased to 160-180 degrees. You will not find a double magnetic field or a spiral crystal structure. However, if the user’s gaze is directed perpendicularly, fine details disappear in shadows and some complex scenes.
The color balance can also be distorted at certain angles.
PVA matrix
The PVA sensor is a unique development of the South Korean giant Samsung. Although this was considered plagiarism from the start, it was effectively disguised to avoid paying a costly patent to a direct competitor. Low cost and high contrast are the main advantages of this technology. The image quality on the PVA displays is pleasing to the eye. Such screens will especially appeal to professionals who actively work at a computer, in the field of design, photography, video editing, etc.
With Pva matrices, viewing angles have improved significantly, and blacks have become clearly deep and saturated. The response time has also improved. However, one thing to complain about is some color distortion when viewed horizontally. However, the latest models of these matrices have gradually eliminated this «old bug» as the technology is now seriously improved.
There are also many different variations of VA and PVA matrices: AMVA, ASVA, Super MVA, Super PVA, ASV, etc. , but they do not yet have significant differences from the main types.
Differences between IPS matrices and VA
Currently, the most popular matrices for TVs and monitors are IPS and VA. At the same time, they have a number of distinctive features. Matrices VA have vertical alignment of crystals (Vertical Alignment). As for IPS technology, the principle of In-Plane Switching is used here. The alignment of the crystal itself occurs horizontally. At the same time, the task in both cases is the same — to create an image by passing light through filters and pixel blocks. Except they take a different approach.
IPS-matrices get crystals that constantly let in more or less light. All because of their constant horizontal arrangement. VA screens are much more effective at blocking incoming light because they use a vertical, closed arrangement. So when it comes to black display, VA displays are head and shoulders above the competition. The benefits of vertical alignment technology include an incredibly high contrast ratio. On the other hand, the principle of operation of such panels leads to a significant deterioration in viewing angles, where IPS matrices go far ahead.
Which is better for a monitor — VA or IPS?
It’s hard to choose a monitor these days as the range of different models is overwhelming. In many ways, VA technology will be more interesting. First, the fast response time speaks in favor of VA monitors. This is a very important indicator for all gamers who want to play with great comfort.
This is especially true for multi-user projects, where every millisecond affects the result. Secondly — black colors, which ideally should be very deep. And it is VA technology that provides this. And, of course, higher contrast, which will undoubtedly please those who work at the computer (for example, architects, photographers, designers, video editors, and so on). Here, small viewing angles have practically no effect, since the user is directly in front of the monitor. At the same time, expensive IPS matrices of the latest generation are practically not inferior to competitors, having excellent color reproduction and economical power consumption.
Response time in VA and IPS panels for monitor
TN is still considered the fastest matrix. But VA panels are closest to them. The response time of many VA monitors is less than 4-5ms. And progressive models will please professional gamers, because their response time does not exceed 1-2 ms. In this regard, IPS screens are seriously inferior. As a rule, their response time reaches 5-6 ms or more. Of course, you can also mention expensive IPS monitors with a response time of 1 ms and a frequency of 144 Hz. But these are only exceptions to the rule, and besides, they are quite expensive in price.
Why is this parameter so important? We have already mentioned that professional gamers need high speed in literally everything. And responsiveness is no exception. It affects the rendering speed and quality of your games. And this directly affects the gameplay. For this reason, it’s worth checking your monitor’s response time before your next purchase so you can enjoy your favorite games and movies without any lag.
Which matrix is better — VA or IPS
The matrix screen can only be used for work or, for example, for watching movies. It is the purpose that should be considered when choosing the most suitable device.
For TV
IPS technology is often used in TV production. This is due to the wide viewing angle. The TV can be watched from any part of the room with minimal loss of picture quality. This is the right choice if you need a wide viewing angle.
If the image is more important to you and you plan to watch TV without moving around the room, it is better to choose VA. This matrix is characterized by deep color rendering. The image becomes more responsive and the effect more realistic. The problem of poor viewing angles can be solved by purchasing a curved screen. In this case, you can also enjoy the feeling of presence when watching movies.
For monitor
Monitor can be used for gaming or work:
- For games. If the buyer likes dynamic games, you should pay attention to the response time. Thus, they refer to the reaction speed of the user. The best response time is for VA monitors. IPS-matrix is not suitable for dynamic games. But it gives an excellent image and excellent color reproduction. This matrix is better to choose for fans of quiet games with an emphasis on exquisite graphics, storyline. In this case, the low response rate does not play a special role. You can give preference to modern curved models. This will give you the best opportunity to immerse yourself in the atmosphere of the game. Dynamic gamers should also pay attention to the clock speed. The higher it is, the more spectacular the game will be. The image will be smooth and realistic.
- For work. IPS monitors are perfect for the job.