U808D: Datasheet search site, Datasheet search site for Electronic Components and Semiconductors and other semiconductors.

The Intel 8008 support page

Collect and share information and software about Intel’s 8008
— the world’s first 8 bit CPU, introduced April 1972

This site is neither operated nor maintained by
Intel.
Intel is a registered trademark of the Intel Corp, USA

Preface
Some history
General description
Registers and flags
Instruction set
- CPU control group
- Input and output group
- jump group
- call and return group
- load group
- arithmetic group
- rotate group
Pinout
- Pin functions
- The 8008 machine states
Datasheets
Identify a 8008
Vintage computers using the 8008 CPU
Homebrew computers with 8008 CPU
Cross-Assembler
BASIC interpreter
PL/M compiler
Simulators and Emulators
Photo gallery of Intel 8008 chips (on other pages)
Prices at eBay
EPROM burner capable of burning Intel 1702A

Preface

When I was searching the web for information about the Intel 8008
a few years ago, little to none information was available. So I
started collecting the bits spread around and began representing
them here.

Meanwhile, the situation has changed. Wikipedia hosts an
excellent article
and a number of scanned datasheets are available.

Special thanks to Klemens Krause,
who maintains a great computer
museum that provided me lots of information and inspiration.

Some history

The Intel 8008 is the world’s first 8 bit microprocessor introduced
in April 1972. The 8008 was originally code named the 1201. The
developers were Ted Hoff, Stan Mazor, Hal Feeney, and Federico Faggin.

Intel designed it for Computer Terminal Corporation (CTC) for use
in it’s Datapoint 2200 terminal, but because the 8008 was delivered too
late and did not meet CTC’s expectations, they didn’t used it. Intel
then brought the rights back and marketed the chip on it’s own.

General description

The Intel 8008 runs at 0.5 MHz, the 8008-1 at 0.8 MHz. It contains
3500 transistors realized in PMOS technology at 10-micron. For
comparison, an Intel Pentium 4 consists of 178.000.000 transistors
manufactured in 0.13-micron.

It was used in dumb terminals, general calculators, bottling machines, and for general data/character manipulation.

The 8008 microprocessor contains an accumulator A plus 6 scratch registers B, C, D, E, H and L, each 8 bit wide. H
& L acts as a pointer to memory, providing an virtual register M. This is the only way on the 8008 to access the memory.

Separate from the memory, 8 input ports and 24 output ports can be accessed.

The chip has a 8 bit wide data bus and 14 bit wide address bus,
which can address 16 KB of memory. Since Intel could only manufacture
18 pin DIP packages at 1972, the bus has to be three times multiplexed.
Therefore the chip’s performance is very limited and it requires a lot
external logic to decode all signals.

Very crude interrupt support is given, since the registers can’t be pushed on the hardware stack. If you really need this, you could attach FIFO RAMs
like the SN74LS222 or SN74ALS232 to an I/O port.

Though often heard, it’s not true that the Intel 8008 would be
«twice a Intel 4004» that was introduced one year before. The 4004 has
a harvard architecture and 16 registers while the 8008 has a
von Neumann architecture and 7 registers.

The 8008 family is also referred to as the MCS-8.

Intel 8008 registers and flags

The 8008 microprocessor contains an 8 bit wide accumulator A plus 6
scratch registers B, C, D, E, H and L, each 8 bit wide. H & L acts
as a pointer to memory, providing an virtual register M. This is the
only way on the 8008 to access the memory. H contains the high
significant byte and L the lower significant byte of the 14 bit address.

Sign, Zero, Parity and Carry-flags are available though the 8008 has
no flag register. These four flag bits can be tested with conditional
JMP, CALL and RETurn instructions.

Intel 8008 instruction set

The instruction set of the Intel 8008 can be divided into 7 groups: the CPU control, Input and output, jump, call and return, load, arithmetic and the rotate group.

There are two sets of mnemonics resulting in identically binary
values. The old mnemonics are the first one published at 1972. Intel
changed the mnemonics around the year 1975. Both sets are described
below. The old set is designed to simplify things, it consists of three
characters which can be coded into 16 bits making a lookup-table very
easy.

CPU control group

binary	old	new	Description
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x	HLT	HLT
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1	HLT	HLT

Input and output group

binary	old	new	Description
0 1 0 0 M M M 1	INP	IN	port MMM
0 1 R R M M M 1	OUT	OUT	port RRMMM (RR <> 0)

Jump group

binary	old	new	Description
0 1 x x x 1 0 0	JMP	JMP	unconditionally jump

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0	JFC	JNC	JMP if carry = 0
0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0	JFZ	JNZ	JMP if result <> 0
0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0	JFS	JP	JMP if sign = 0 (positive)
0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0	JFP	JPO	JMP if parity = odd
0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0	JC	JC	JMP if carry = 1
0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0	JZ	JZ	JMP if result = 0
0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0	JS	JM	JMP if sign = 1 (negative)
0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0	JP	JPE	JMP if parity = even

Call and return group

binary	old	new	Description
0 1 x x x 1 1 0	CAL	CALL	unconditionally call subroutine

0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0	CFC	CNC	CALL if carry = 0
0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0	CFZ	CNZ	CALL if result <> 0
0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0	CFS	CP	CALL if sign = 0 (positive)
0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0	CFP	CPO	CALL if parity = odd
0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0	CC	CC	CALL if carry = 1
0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0	CZ	CZ	CALL if result = 0
0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0	CS	CM	CALL if sign = 1 (negative)
0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0	CP	CPE	CALL if parity = even

0 0 x x x 1 1 1	RET	RET	unconditionally return

0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1	RFC	RNC	RET if carry = 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1	RFZ	RNZ	RET if result <> 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1	RFS	RP	RET if sign = 0 (positive)
0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1	RFP	RPO	RET if parity = odd
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1	RC	RC	RET if carry = 1
0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1	RZ	RZ	RET if result = 0
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1	RS	RM	RET if sign = 1 (negative)
0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1	RP	RPE	RET if parity = even

0 0 A A A 1 0 1	RST	RST	call subroutine at adrs AAA000

Load group

binary	old	new	Description
1 1 D D D S S S	Lds	MOV d,s	load d with content of s
1 1 D D D 1 1 1	LdM	MOV d,M	load d with content of Mem
1 1 1 1 1 s s s	LMs	MOV M,s	load M with content of s

0 0 d d d 1 1 0	LdI	MVI d	Load register d with data
0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0	LMI	MVI M	Load Memory M with data b

Arithmetic group

binary	old	new	Description
1 0 0 0 0 s s s	ADs	ADD s	add contents of s to A
1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1	ADM	ADD M	add contents of M to A
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0	ADI	ADI b	add constant b to A

1 0 0 0 1 s s s	ACs	ADC s	add contents of s + CY to A
1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1	ACM	ADC M	add contents of M + CY to A
0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0	ACI	ACI b	add constant b + CY to A

1 0 0 1 0 s s s	SUs	SUB s	sub contents of s from A
1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1	SUM	SUB M	sub contents of M from A
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0	SUI	SUI b	sub constant b from A

1 0 0 1 1 s s s	SBs	SBB s	sub contents of s + CY from A
1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1	SBM	SBB M	sub contents of M + CY from A
0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0	SBI	SBI b	sub constant b + CY from A

1 0 1 0 0 s s s	NDs	ANA s	logical AND of s and A to A
1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1	NDM	ANA M	logical AND of M and A to A
0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0	NDI	ANI b	logical AND of const b and A to A

1 0 1 0 1 s s s	XRs	XRA s	logical XOR of s and A to A
1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1	XRM	XRA M	logical XOR of M and A to A
0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0	XRI	XRI b	logical XOR of const b and A to A

1 0 1 1 0 s s s	ORs	ORA s	logical OR of s and A to A
1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1	ORM	ORA M	logical OR of M and A to A
0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0	ORI	ORI b	logical OR of const b and A to A

1 0 1 1 1 s s s	CPs	CMP s	compare s with A, set flags
1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1	CPM	CMP M	compare M with A, set flags
0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0	CPI	CPI b	compare const b with A, set flags

0 0 d d d 0 0 0	INd	INR d	increment register d (d<>A)
0 0 d d d 0 0 1	DCd	DCR r	decrement register d (d<>A)

Rotate group

binary	old	new	Description
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0	RLC	RLC	rotate content of A left
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0	RRC	RRC	rotate content of A right
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0	RAL	RAL	rotate content of A left through CY
0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0	RAR	RAR	rotate content of A right through CY

Each I-instruction (immediate addressing mode) is followed by a second byte containing the data.
Each JMP- and CALL-instructions are followed by two bytes containing
the address. The LSB follows first, then the MSB. Since the 8008 uses
only 14 address lines, the most significant two bits are ignored.

Intel 8008 pinout

                        ____    ____
		      _|    \__/    |_
	     --> Vdd |_|1         18|_| Interrupt <--
		      _|            |_
	     <--> D7 |_|2         17|_| Ready <--
		      _|            |_
	     <--> D6 |_|3         16|_| Phase 1 <--
		      _|            |_
	     <--> D5 |_|4  Intel  15|_| Phase 2 <--
		      _|            |_
	     <--> D4 |_|5  8008   14|_| Sync  -->
		      _|            |_
	     <--> D3 |_|6         13|_| S0 -->
		      _|            |_
	     <--> D2 |_|7         12|_| S1 -->
		      _|            |_
	     <--> D1 |_|8         11|_| S2 -->
		      _|            |_
	     <--> D0 |_|9         10|_| Vcc <--
		       |____________|

Pin functions

D0-D7	bi-directional address/data-bus.
Interrupt	(input, active high). Interrupt request is generated by I/O devices.
Ready	(input, active high). If pulled to Low, the CPU waits for slow memory.
Phase 1, Phase 2	(input). Two-phase clock, non-overlapping. The microprocessor needs this to generate a four-phase-clock internally.
Sync	(output, active high). Indicates that the current machine cycle is the opcode fetch cycle of an instruction execution
S0-S2	(output, active high). Machine status-signals, described below
Vdd, Vcc	Provide -9V at Vdd and +5V at Vcc to operate at TTL-levels

The 8008 machine states:

Name	S2	S1	S0	Function
wait	0	0	0	Wait for slow memory
T3	0	0	1	Data input/output (memory access)
T1	0	1	0	Less significant address byte
stop	0	1	1	Wait for interrupt (HLT)
T2	1	0	0	More significant address byte + cc2 + cc1
T5	1	0	1	Internal data transfer
T1I	1	1	0	Like T1, but interrupt recognized
T4	1	1	1	Internal data transfer

cc2 and cc1 provided at T2-state give more information about the T3-state:

Name	cc2	cc1	Function
PCI	0	0	Instruction Cycle. The first byte (containing the opcode) is read from the memory
PCR	1	0	Read Cycle. Data or following parts of the opcode are read from the memory
PCC	0	1	Command Cycle. Input-Output-Instruction. Whether a byte shall be read or written depends on the address
PCW	1	1	Write Cycle. Write data to memory

Datasheets

MCS-8 at bitsavers
Various documents are at
Bryan’s Old Computers and at the bottom of
8008chron.com.

Identify a 8008

The part’s name varies depending on the manufacturer.

Intel

D8008-1 e.g. lets you know:
1. Package type
  - C = Side-brazed ceramic DIP
  - D = ceramic DIP
  - P = Plastic DIP
2. Part number 8008
3. Frequency
  - blank = 0.5 MHz
  - -1 = 0.8 MHz
Microsystems International

MF8008R = 0. 5 MHz, MF8008-1R = 0.8 MHz, 18-pin ceramic DIP,
Gray ceramic/gold top/gold pins — no further information available.
8008 by Siemens

SAB8008-1C = 0.8 MHz, 18-pin ceramic DIP, Purple ceramic/gold top/gold pins- no further information available.
Clones by east german VEB Funkwerk Erfurt

The equivalent name is U808D or VB808D for the military version, both running at 0.5 MHz — no further information available.

Vintage computers

Some early designs used the 8008. Follow the external links to get more informations about these computers.

Mark-8
- The Mark-8 at oldcomputers.com
- Mark-8 Minicomputer
- A Mark-8 Experience
- ~~The Mark-8 Minicomputer~~
MCM 70/700
- The Micro Computer Machines MCM/70
- MCM Model 782 APL
NBI Hantu
R2E Micral
Robotron K 1510 / PBT 4000
- Robotron PBT4000, robotrontechnik. de (German)
- Robotron K1510, Museum FH-Brandenburg (German)
Scelbi 8H, Scelbi 8B
- SCELBI Computer Museum
- Scelbi 8H, Scelbi 8B
- The 8008 and Scelbi
- ~~SCELBI’s Wikipedia page~~
MIL MOD-8 and GNC-8
Bill-1 by Litton Data Systems

Homebrew Computers

emuf08 (German)
8008 Computer «Clock»
~~SCELBI 2002~~
~~LC-8008~~

Cross Assemblers

The
Macroassembler AS by Alfred Arnold has been my favorite assembler for
many years. It’s latest version supports the 8008 now, with both old and new
instruction sets. AS is available for almost any platform a C compiler exists
for.
SB-Assembler is a free cross-assembler supporting a lot of CPUs including the 8008
AS8 by
Thomas E. Jones is a small 8008 Assembler written in ANSI-C, source code is
available, as well as a Windows executable. The original web pages
~~The Mark-8 Minicomputer~~ and ~~AS8 User’s Manual~~ are offline.

BASIC interpreter

SCELBAL is a BASIC interpreter written in assembler, published by
SCELBI COMPUTER Consulting, Inc.

8008chron.com hosts another version of the code.

PL/M for the Intel 8008

Gary Kildall programmed a PL/I
compiler for the 8008 in FORTRAN and called it
PL/M.
I wish, that compiler would appear somewhere…

Simulators and Emulators

SIMH, emulates a lot of historic computers including a SCELBI-8B
8008 Simulation In JavaScript running SCELBAL
Semi-Decent 8008 Emulator
8008/SCELBI OS/X Emulator Program
Sim8008 by Andreas Gebhardt, Simulator with assembler and
debugger for Windows, in German only

Photo gallery of Intel 8008 chips (on other pages)

cpu-zone.com — watch’em all! 😉
cpu-world. com
cpu-collection.de
Ken Shirriff’s blog — Die photos and analysis

Prices at eBay

Date	Price	Location	Description
2005-11-07	US $123.50	Silverdale, WA, USA	Intel C8008, date code 76xx
2005-11-06	EUR 24.17	Trier, Germany	MF8008R, military version by Microsystems International, date code 7439
2005-10-31	EUR 26.50	Germany	U808 by MME, NOS, yellow and green marking, east german clone
2005-10-01	US $61.66	Bouvancourt, France	Intel C8008 CPU, date code 7512, Malaysia, NOS
2005-09-29	US $60.00	Newmarket (Toronto), Canada	Intel C8008 Processor, date code 7619, Philippines, grey ceramic DUP, one of the end pins broken, some scratches on the top
2005-09-08	US $188. 50	Vermont, USA	Intel 8008-1, gold plated ceramic DIP
2005-09-02	US $47.23	APO, AP, USA	Intel C8008-1, date code 7701, Malaysia, guaranteed of being in excellent condition, authentic and functioning
2005-09-02	US $42.00	APO, AP, USA	Intel C8008, date code 7729, Hong Kong, guaranteed of being in excellent condition, authentic and functioning
2005-08-03	US $44.77	Ottawa, ON, Canada	Intel C8008-1, Malaysia 1977, date code 7701, out of some ancient HP lab equipment (02640-60008)
2005-08-03	US $56.55	Ottawa, ON, Canada	Intel C8008-1, Phillipines 1976, date code 7640, out of some ancient HP lab equipment (02640-60008)
2005-08-02	US $46.00	Newmarket (Toronto), Canada	Intel C8008, grey ceramic DIP with gold leads, date code 7730, Hong Kong, pin 9 missing, part of the ceramic has chipped away
2005-07-08	US $57. 00	APO, AP, USA	Intel C8008-1 3157A, date code 7705, Malaysia, NOS
2005-07-08	US $103.50	APO, AP, USA	Intel C8008 03398, date code 7740, Malaysia, NOS
2005-07-04	EUR 36.50	Fohrde, Germany	U808D by MME, east german clone
2005-06-26	US $55.57	Brighton, Michigan, USA	Intel 8008-1

EPROM burner for Intel 1702A

The very first 8 bit CPU often ran its programs off the very first
EPROMs: the Intel 1702 and Intel 1702A, each holding 256 Bytes.

They are very different compared to later, more common EPROMs so that it’s
very hard to find a programmer these days, that is capable of burning
these beasts:

Simple 1702A EPROM Programmer by Stephen H. Lafferty

Martin Feberhard designed a new EPROM burner based on a modern
microcontroller: MFeberhard 1702A Programmer. Have a look at the Yahoo group
Altair Computer Club.

Dexovo Hexadecimální Doupě • 8008

I když se nás týká jen okrajově, přeci jen je to i naše historie.

Na Martinově osmibitovém blogu se objevila zajímavá reportáž ze stavby repliky stroje SCELBI 8H.
Milovníky exotických procesorů musí nadchnout to, že obsahuje procesor Intel 8008.

Intel 8008 vyvinula společnost Computer Terminal Corporation pod označením 1201 ne jako přímé rozšíření, ale s částečným využitím návrhu Intel 4004 (vyvinutého m.j. Federico Fagginem, později autorem 8080 a Z80, zakladatelem Zilogu – mimochodem 4004 byl sice až druhý mikroprocesor na světě, ovšem TMS-1000, vyvinutý u Texas Instruments ještě před 4004, se na trh dostal teprve 3 roky po Intelu). Na vývoji 1201 se měl podílet i Intel a Texas Instruments, ale návrhy posílané z Intelu se ukázaly být nefunkční a z většiny nebyly do výsledného čipu zapracovány. Zajímavé je, že CTC nakonec od jednopouzdrové implementace upustila a svůj Datapoint 3300 realizovala pomocí TTL diskrétní logiky (takže první komerčně vyráběný stroj s instrukční sadou 8008 vlastně žádnou 8008 neobsahoval – navíc Datapointy byly “jen” inteligentní termminály, ne počítače). Aby nemusela platit Intelu za podíl na vývoji, prostě jim hotový návrh čipu přenechala.
Intel přejmenovat 1201 na 8008 a začal prodávat. (Intel, firma vyrábějící paměti, před 4004 ani mikroprocesory dělat nechtěla s oddůvodněním, že na jeden počítač stačí jen jeden mikroprocesor, zatímco paměťových čipů je potřeba mnohem víc a tudíž je z toho i větší vejvar; navíc hlavní odběratelé pamětí byli výrobci počítačů a Intel měl strach, že při výrobě mikroprocesoru ho budou považovat za konkurenta a budou si zdroj paměťových čipů hledat jinde.)

Prvním počítačem s 8008 tak mohl být britský stroj vyvíjený v EMI. Proč nebyl?
Vývoj začal snad ještě na 1201 nebo předprodukční verzi 8008, kterou v EMI doplnili o externí zálohovaný stack, který přežil i vypnutí počítače. Operační systém byl v ROM a tak nebylo potřeba u počítače konstruovat čelní panel. V roce 1972 byl připraven funkční vzorek pro předvedení managementu EMI, který se ale rozhodl projekt počítače ukončit.

Intel samozřejmě stavěl vlastní počítače s procesorem 8008, Intellec 8 (též MDS-8). Zajímavé je, že sice měly po vzoru minipočítačů čelní panel s přepínači a světýlky, ale ty pro systém s vlastní ROM (v případě Intellecu) nebyly vlastně potřeba. U amatérských konstrukcí mikropočítačů bez vlastní ROM sloužily většinou k zobrazování obsahu paměti, ovšem bez možnosti zobrazení obsahu interních registrů procesoru, jako to bylo možné na minipočítačích. Na některých (SCELBI) se takto do paměti dostat nedalo a čelní panel sloužil jen přístupu na sběrnici (ukládání dat do paměti se pak nedělo postupným procházením adres paměti a změnou jejich obsahu, ale zadáváním posloupnosti instrukcí procesoru pro naplnění registrů hodnotou a následné uložení do RAM).
Intellecy se primárně neprodávaly, používali je interně vývojáři, jako operační systém byl použit MDS-DOS (pro pozdější 8080 verzi Intellecu, “Intellec 8 MOD 80”, připravil Garry Kildall, který předtím pro Intel napsal cross-assembler pro 8008 ve Fortranu, operační systém CP/M, který ale Intel odmítl a nahradil vlastním ISIS, což spíš než operační systém bylo vývojové prostředí).

Když se ale podíváte na manuál pro Intellec 8 (MDS-8), v pravém horním rohu titulní stránky uvidíte ještě jeden počítač.
Byl jím “Sacramento State“, vyvíjený na univerzitě v Sacramentu jako součást medicínského projektu COMERES (Computerised Medical Records System). Podrobné informace o SacState (včetně výpisů 8008 kódu) najdete ZDE.
Počítač byl sice dokončen (jako první kompletní americký mikropočítač včetně periferií a DOSu, a díky barevnému terminálu od IBM i s barevným výstupem), ale nebyl z různých důvodů vyráběn – byl složitý, 8008 neměl dostatečnou rychlost pro přímou komunikaci s diskovým řadičem, což se obcházelo různými (drahými) buffery (SacState používal 3 MB harddisk vytažený z mainframu), a jako programovací jazyk pro SacState byl použit BAL od IBM (Basic Assembly Language), což byl problém i z hlediska autorského práva. (Udává se, že použití BAL byl i problém československého počítače Consul 2715, postaveného z řezů kompatibilních s Intel 3000 – pod názvem Basic Assembly Language očekávali uživatelé Basic a místo toho na ně vybaflo něco jako makroassembler, navíc s instrukční sadou nekompatibilní s tehdy u nás dobře dokumentovaným 8080. )

Francouzi si (z popudu ministerstva zemědělství, pro které minipočítače stavěné z diskrétní logiky, jako DEC PDP-8, byly drahé) postavili svůj Micral, který měl profesionální zpracování s designem skříně dodržujícím trendy té doby – přiznané dřevo na bočnicích, lesklé chromované ovládací prvky a masivní přepínače – a před sebou poměrně dlouhou a světlou budoucnost. Zpočátku šlo o čistě 8008 systém založený na vlastní sběrnici Pluribus, složený z jednotlivých a poměrně jednoduchých karet (procesorová karta, paměťová karta, …). Velmi brzy dostal (díky implementaci bufferu) diskový řadič.
Postupně byly pro Pluribus vytvořeny i procesorové karty s 8080, ze Z80 a 8088, což byl trochu paradox, neboť díky 14bitové sběrnici původního 8008 byl i při instalaci 8088 přímo dostupný paměťový prostor omezen na 16 kB.
Až po dlouhých deseti letech byla firma R2E, vyrábějící Micral, prodána firmě Bull, která pokračovala ve výrobě 8088 systémů a provedla hladký přechod na výrobu IBM PC klonů.
Zajímavé je, že zatímco dění v USA ovlivňovalo celý svět, francouzský počítač na dění v USA žádný vliv neměl.

O SCELBI-8H toho napsal dost už Martin. Včetně toho, že se první inzerát na něj objevil v březnu roku 1974 (v radioamatérském časopise QST, takže “počítačovými” kutily prakticky nepovšimnut, byl to ale snad první inzerát na amatérský kit založený na mikroprocesoru) a že byl (částečně kvůli nemoci svého tvůrce) tento projekt prodělečný.
Zkratka SCELBI znamenala Scientific, Electronic, Biologic, protože hlavní pole nasazení minipočítačů a prvních mikropočítačů, které měly minipočítače vlastně zastoupit nebo nahradit, bylo v laboratořích. SCELBI bylo z 256 bajtů rozšiřitelné na 4 kB RAM, což představovalo tehdy opravdu hromadu čipů (Intel měl jistě radost, pokud se objednávaly u něj).
Jako médium pro ukládání dat používaly tyto levné počítače dálnopisný vstup s možností připojení čtečky děrné pásky nebo, místo řadiče disků, kartu pro připojení kazetového magnetofonu.

Týž rok jako SCELBI se objevil i Mark-8, dokonce hned na titulní stránce červencové radioelektroniky (1974). Bylo možné si objednat plány na stavbu (těch se prodalo 10 000) nebo neosazené desky (těch se prodalo 2 000 sad, bohužel neměly prokovené otvory a to znesnadňovalo stavbu, navíc byl Mark-8 pro amatérskou stavbu relativně složitý).
Přesto vznikly i uživatelské kluby tohoto pozoruhodného počítače. Díky tomu, že si ho lidé stavěli sami, mívá výsledný stroj různé (tady) podoby (nebo tady).

Kromě “amatérských” konstrukcí vznikaly i počítače vytvořené firmami, které se nevyráběly a byly vytvořeny v jednom nebo několika málo kusech pro vnitřní potřebu podniku. Takovým 8008 strojem byl i BEHEMOTH z roku 1974 – postavený opět jako náhrada minipočítače. Byl skvěle vybavený – měl (údajně mizerný) matematický koprocesor a dokonce (vektorový) grafický výstup – “displaylist” v paměti byl vyčítán DMA a přes DA převodníky posílán na obrazovku osciloskopu. Pracoval s děrnými štítky.
BEHEMOTH sloužil tvorbě hudby, takže měl zvukový generátor a interface pro připojení kláves.
Poměrně podrobné informace včetně schémat najdete ZDE.

Abychom byli dějinně úplní, nesmíme zapomenout na jednoduchý počítač s 8008, který navrhnul jakýsi Paul Allen. jeho přítel Bill Gates měl pro tento počítač napsat interpret Basicu. Tento jednoduchý systém chtěli nabídnout pro řízení provozu, za tám účelem si založili společnost Traf-O-Data (Traf jako traffic). Nevím, jestli počítač fyzicky existoval, nebo jen na papíře, ani, zda Bill opravdu Basic pro 8008 napsal, ale všichni vědí, že se pak objevil Altair 8800, Allen napsal emulátor procesoru 8080, Bill Gates koupil od spolužáka rutiny pro práci s plovoucí řádovou čárkou a vytvořili tak Basic pro 8080, který prodávali pod značkou Micro-soft (tehdy ještě s pomlčkou).

U nás v Konstrukční příloze Amatérského rádia (což byla z nějakého důvodu bašta počítačových inženýrů, kteří jinak neměli do jakého periodika se vrtnout) roku 1982 (tedy po téměř deseti letech) vyšel plánek na stavbu počítače VSS808.
Otázka je, kde uprostřed socialismu sebrat intelácký procesor 8008 (a nekrást).

CPU-Zone 8008

8008

(8008 die core)

Introduction date:		April 1972
Category:		8-bit microprocessor
Frequency:		8008 0.5MHz 8008-1 0.8MHz
Technology:		P-channel silicon gate MOS technology
Number of transistors:		3,500 (10 microns)
Addressable memory:		16K x 8-bits
Number of instructions:		48 with a 8 level stack, seven 8-bit registers and interrupt abilities
History:		The 8008 was developed in tandem with the 4004 and was intended to be a custom chip for CTC (later Datapoint) but was rejected because it was too slow The G8008 was sold to Godbout Electronics in Oakland for use and sale in the hobby market.
Second source:		Siemens and Microsystems International was second source to Intel 8008. East German clones was also made of the 8008.

Intel
8008

N.D.C


C8008	C8008	C8008	C8008	C8008	C8008

Malaysia 7736	N. D.C	Philippines 7611	Malaysia 7503	N.D.C	Malaysia N.D.C

C8008	C8008	C8008

Malaysia 7514	HONG KONG 7728	Malaysia

C8008-1	C8008-1	C8008-1	C8008-1	C8008-1	C8008-1

Malaysia 7502	Philippines 7606	MALAYSIA N. D.C	Malaysia 7633	Philippines 7613	Malaysia 7648

C8008-1	C8008-1	C8008-1	C8008-1

(HP House Marking) HONG KONG 7728	HONG KONG 7731	Malaysia 7652	Malaysia 7640

D8008	D8008-1	D8008-1

Barbados 8319	Philippines 7911	Barbados 8121

G8008

N. D.C

M8008

Malaysia 7530

Microsystems International
MF8008R	MF8008-1R

7511	7540

Siemens
SAB8008-1C

Malaysia 7908

SAB8008-1D

Philippines 7929

FunkWerk Erfurt
U808D

Pin configuration

Home

Ӳ—Ӳ—CPU— CPU

CPU

AMI Chips
CMD CSG
Fairchild GDR
GTE
HP
Hughes Aircraft

Kruger

Maxwell
MC MHS
Microsystems International

Mitsubishi
MOS
Mostek

National
Semiconductor
NCR NTE OKI
Poland Philips
RCA
Rockwell

SGS Thomson SGS
SSS Signetics
Synertek Toshiba
Thompson

USSR
WDC
Weitek Xtend
CPU

AMI CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
S6800		40-pin DIP
S6809		40-pin DIP
S68A09		40-pin DIP
S68B09		40-pin DIP

Chips CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
J38600DX
J38600SX
J38700DX		68-pin ceramic PGA
J38700SX

CMD CPU

G65SC02

44-pin plastic LCC/40-pin DIP,8 bit,Motorola
650x

G65SC04

40-pin DIP,8
bit,Motorola 650x

CSG CPU

6510

40-pin DIP,8
bit,Motorola 650x

Fairchild CPU

F6800

40-pin DIP

F68B09

40-pin DIP

GDR CPU

U808D

18-pin DIP, Intel 8008 processor

GTE CPU

G65SC02

40-pin DIP,8
bit,Motorola 650x

HP CPU

ͺ	ISA width	Ƶ Clock max.	Ƶ(Clock)	L1 Caches max.	L2 Caches max.	TLB	Issue width	SMP	Units
PA-7000	32-bit	66MHz	32/35/48/66	256KB I 256KB D off-chip		96 I 96 D	1	No	1 INT	PA-RISC
PA-7100/PA-7150 (PCX-T) (Thunderbird)	32-bit	125MHz	33/50/66/72/75/99/100/125(PA-7150)	1MB I 2MB D off-chip		120	2	Yes	1 INT 1 FP	PA-RISC,1992
PA-7100LC (PCX-L) (Hummingbird)	32-bit	100MHz	48/60/64/75/80/96/100	1KB I on-chip	2MB off-chip	64	2	No	2 INT 1 FP	PA-RISC
PA-7200 (PCX-T’) (Thunderbird’)	32-bit	140MHz	100/120/140	2KB on-chip	1MB I 2MB D off-chip	120	2	Yes	2 INT 1 FP	PA-RISC,1995
PA-7300LC (PCX-L2) (Velociraptor)	32-bit	180MHz	132/160/165/180	64KB I 64KB D on-chip	8MB off-chip	96	2	No	2 INT 1 FP	PA-RISC,1996. 7?
PA-8000 (PCX-U) (Onyx)	64-bit	230MHz	160/180/230	1MB I 1MB D off-chip		96	4	Yes	4 INT 4 FP 2 L/S	PA-RISC,1996.1
PA-8200 (PCX-U+) (Vulcan)	64-bit	300MHz	200/236/240/250/300	2MB I 2MB D off-chip		120	4	Yes	4 INT 4 FP 2 L/S	PA-RISC,1997. 5
PA-8500 (PCX-W) (Vulcan)	64-bit	440MHz	300/360/367/380/400/440	512KB I 1MB D on-chip		160	4	Yes	4 INT 4 FP 2 L/S	PA-RISC,1998.9
PA-8600 (PCX-W+) (Landshark)	64-bit	550MHz	500/550/552	512KB I 1MB D on-chip		160	4	Yes	4 INT 4 FP 2 L/S	PA-RISC,2000. 1
PA-8700 (PCX-W2) (Piranha)	64-bit	875MHz	625/650/750/875	768KB I 1.5MB D on-chip		240	4	Yes	4 INT 4 FP 2 L/S	PA-RISC,2001.8
PA-8800	64-bit	1GHz	1000	1.5MB I 1.5MB D on-chip	32MB off-chip	480	8	Yes	8 INT 8 FP 4 L/S	PA-RISC,2004
Hitachi PA/50 PA/50L	32-bit	60MHz	33/60	8KB I 4KB D on-chip		32 I 64 D	1(?)	No(?)	1 INT 1 FP	PA-RISC,1993
Hitachi HARP-1	32-bit	150MHz	150	8KB I 16KB D on-chip	512KB I 512KB D off-chip	128 I 128 D	2	No(?)	1 INT 1 FP	PA-RISC

Hughes Aircraft CPU

HMMP1802D

40-pin DIP,8-bit
processor

HCMP1802AP

40-pin DIP,8-bit
processor

Kruger CPU

80286

Mostek CPU

MK3870

40-pin DIP,8-bit

MK68000

32-bit processor,64-pin DIP,Motorola
68000 family

MHS CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
D8086		40-pin DIP
HM8086
D8088
P8088

MC CPU

MC-OEM486DLC

386,132-pin ceramic PGA

Maxwell CPU

80386DXRP

80387DX

Microsystems International CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
MF8008R		18-pin DIP, Intel 8008 processor
M5L8085
M5M80C85

Mitsubishi
CPU

M5L8080

40-pin DIP

M5L8086

MOS CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
MPS6502		40-pin DIP,8bit, used in Apple II, Commodore PET, VIC20, NES
6504		28-pin DIP,8 bit,Motorola 650x
6507
MPS6508		40-pin DIP,8 bit,Motorola 650x
6510		40-pin DIP,8 bit,Motorola 650x,Commodore C64
8500		6510 in newer C64 models
65816		16bit, 6502 compatible, used in Apple IIgs, SuperNES

National Semiconductor Ұ뵼

ͺ	Ƶ
IDM2901A		40-pin DIP,4-bit slice processor
NS4004		4bit data bus 12bit address bus,16DIP
INS8080AD
INS8080AD/C8080A
INS8080AJ/D8080A
INS8080AN/P8080A

NCR CPU

65C02A

40-pin DIP,8
bit,Motorola 650x

NTE CPU

NTE6502

40-pin DIP,8
bit,Motorola 650x

NTE8080A

40-pin DIP

OKI CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
MSM80C85A		40-pin DIP. i8085
M80C86
M80C88
M80C88A

Poland CPU

MCY7880

Intel
8080 processor

Philips CPU

MAB2650A

40-pin DIP

MAB2650A-L

RCA CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
CDP1802ACE		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
CDP1802CD		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
CDP1802CE		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
CDP1802D		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
CDP1802E		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
CDP1804A		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
CDP1804PCE		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
CDP1804ACE		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
CDP1806CD		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor

Rockwell CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
R6502		40-pin DIP,8 bit,Motorola 650x
R65C02		40-pin DIP,8 bit,Motorola 650x
R6503		28/40-pin DIP,8 bit,Motorola 650x
R6507		28-pin DIP,8 bit,Motorola 650x

SGS Thomson CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
EF68B09		40-pin DIP,Motorola 650x
TS68000		32bit, 16bit data,64-pin DIP
ST486DX	33,40,50MHz
ST486DX2	66MHz
ST486DX4
ST5x86
ST6X86	P133+,150+,166+,200+

SGS CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
Z80 (Z8400)	2. 5,4,8MHz
Z80L (Z8400L)	1,1.5,2.5MHz
Z8001	4,6,10MHz

SSS CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
SCP1802D		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
SCP1802LD		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
SCP1802LE		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor

Signetics CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
N3002		2-bit processor,28-pin DIP
2650		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
SCN2650		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
MP8080
SCN68000		32bit, 16bit data,64-pin DIP

Synertek CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
2650-P		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
6502		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
SY6502		40-pin DIP,8-bit processor
SY6503		28-pin DIP,8-bit processor
SY6504		28-pin DIP,8-bit processor
SY6505		28-pin DIP,8-bit processor

Thompson CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
EF6800		40-pin DIP,Motorola 650x
EF6802		40-pin DIP,Motorola 650x
EF6805		40-pin DIP,Motorola 650x
EF6809		40-pin DIP,Motorola 650x
EF68A09		40-pin DIP,Motorola 650x
TS2901		40-pin DIP,4-bit slice processor
TS68000CFN		32bit, 16bit data,68-lead plastic LCC
TS68008		32bit, 16bit data,48-pin plastic DIP

Toshiba CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
TMP68HC000		40-pin DIP
TMP9080AP		i8080
TMP8085AP

USSR CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
K589IK02		Intel 3002,2-bit processor,28-pin DIP
M1804VS1		AMD 2901,40-pin DIP
1804VS2		AMD 2903
KM1804VU4		AMD 2909,40-pin DIP
580VM80		Intel 8080,40-pin DIP
KR580IK80A		Intel 8080,40-pin DIP
KR580VM80A		Intel 8080,40-pin DIP
IM1821VM85A		Intel 8085,40-pin DIP
KR1821VM85A
KR1810VM86

WDC CPU

W65SC02

40-pin DIP,8
bit,Motorola 650x

Weitek CPU

ͺ	Ƶ
1064
1164
1065
1165
1066		FPU
Abacus WTL1067
Abacus WTL1167		FPU for 386
Abacus WTL3167		FPU for 386
Abacus WTL4167		FPU for 486
3170		FPU
4170		FPU

Xtend CPU

83S87-SX

68-pin plastic LCC

Home Computers Behind The Iron Curtain

I was born in 1973 in Czechoslovakia. It was a small country in the middle of Europe, unfortunately on the dark side of the Iron Curtain. We had never been a part of Soviet Union (as many think), but we were so-called “Soviet Satellite”, side by side with Poland, Hungary, and East Germany.

My hobbies were electronics and – in the middle of 80s – computers. The history of computers behind the Iron Curtain is very interesting, with a lot of unusual moments. For example – communists at first called cybernetics as “bourgeois’ pseudoscience” (as well as sociology or semiotics), “used to enslave a mankind by machines”. But later on they understood the importance of computers, primarily for science and army. So in 50s the Eastern Bloc started to build its own computers, separately and “in its own way.”

The biggest problem was a lack of modern technologies. There were a lot of skilled and clever people in eastern countries, but they had a lot of problems with the elementary technical things. Manufacturing of electronics parts was divided into diverse countries of Comecon – The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance. In reality, it led to an absurd situation: You could buy the eastern copy of Z80 (made in Eastern Germany as U880D), but you couldn’t buy 74LS00 at the same time. Yes, a lot of manufacturers made it, but “it is out of stock now; try to ask next year”. So “make a computer” meant 50 percent of electronics skills and 50 percent of unofficial social network and knowledge like “I know a guy who knows a guy and his neighbor works in a factory, where they maybe have a material for PCBs” at those times.

We can talk a lot about Czechoslovak computers, for example the SAPO computer (7000 relays and 400 vacuum tubes, 1958) or Epos 2 (1968, diodes and transistors). Later on Comecon decided to build clones – better said “unlicensed pirate copies” – of western computers, namely IBM-360 or DEC PDP-11. In 1974 Comecon came with another strategy: build a line of small computers.

Just for context: at those times the CoCom embargo denied the export of modern technology to the Soviet bloc, for example modern CPUs (e. g. 68000). But eastern manufacturers made their own copies, based on reverse engineering, espionage and datasheets. Czechoslovak IC manufacturer Tesla made 8080 clone MHB8080 and copy of Intel 3000, a Germany supplier made 8008 and Z80 clones (U808D and U880D), Soviets produced 8080 and 8086 clones, Bulgarian plants made, for example, floppy disk mechanics etc.

I have to apologize to all other post-Comecon countries. They had their own home computer scenes, but I don’t know details about their computers etc. But we can say each country behind the Iron Curtain made its own home computers in 80’s. It was half on half “own design” and “clone of a western computer”. For example, Bulgarians had “Pravetz” computers, compatible with Apple II (but one type was compatible with Oric-1).

In Czechoslovakia, there was the major electronics factory named Tesla. Its name should be an abbreviation of “Technika Slaboprouda” (“Low Voltage Technology” in English), but I guess it obviously referred to [Nicola Tesla]. It was formed as a holding of diverse electronics-related plants. One Tesla made semiconductors, another one made TVs, yet another produced record player chassis. It was a little bit of competition in the world of “total cooperative” (I remember they taught us that “competition is bad” in basic school, because “workers should cooperate in developing of socialism, neither compete nor rival”).

One of Czechoslovak computer prodigies, [Eduard Smutný], together with his twin brother [Tomáš] designed the industrial computer JPR-12, based on Israeli ELBIT, and pushed it into production in Tesla. Some years later they made JPR-1, the simple 8bit computer, based on 8080. One important moment about this computer was that these designers published complete schematics and PCBs in Czechoslovak hobby magazine “Amatérské Rádio”. It was curious – you could not buy parts like LEDs in a store, but there was a very strong hobbyist’s scene. These people made radio transmitters or home automation or HiFi amplifiers. The communist regime surprisingly supported them (or better say: don’t repressed them) in their activities, because it felt the economy needed technically skilled people.

The JPR-1 was a single board computer with 8080 and its support chips (8224 and 8228) and some memory on a board. [Smutný] also designed other boards, for example alphanumeric TV display, port board, memory board, membrane keyboard, serial ports etc. Tesla made a whole line of these boards as an industrial computer, named SAPI. [Smutný] also made a Z80-based equivalent JPR-1Z, because (as he said) JPR-1 could work as CP/M machine, but Turbo Pascal needed Z80 instructions.

Tesla Ondra.

His last computer was “Ondra” (1986) – simple Z80-based computer with 64kB of RAM, built on single board, embedded in single case with the keyboard. Author says it was inspired by Sinclair’s ZX-81, but he couldn’t rely on ULA or similar custom VLSI, so he designed all these functions like RAM refresh or display timing as very clever hardware hacks, based on 8253 timers / counters and other parts, available in Comecon. Tesla made just about 1000 pieces of this computer, the majority of them was used in clubs of youth electronics.

PMI-80

Other Tesla computers were designed by Slovak engineer [Roman Kišš]. The first one, PMI-80, was a classic Single Board Computer, like e.g. well known KIM-1. PMI-80 has 8080 equivalent MHB8080, 1 kB RAM, 8255 PIO (you can add second PIO and expand the port lines), calculator keyboard (5×5 matrix) and calculator LED display (9 positions). Its monitor takes 1kB of ROM. Users can connect some hardware to control and store the programs on cassette tape (all controlled by software, no special IC). PMI-80 was widely used as a school computer or as a simple industrial computer.

The second computer, designed by [Kišš] , was PMD 85. The “85” doesn’t refer to Intel 8085. Kišš says he was inspired by Hewlett-Packard’s computer HP-85. PMD 85 has 32kB of user RAM, 16kB of video RAM, 4kB of Monitor ROM and it was based on 8080A. PMD 85 came with EPROM module with built BASIC G. G is for Graphic – and PMD 85 was the first Czechoslovak 8bit computer with fine graphic mode 288 x 256 pixels (Black and White).

PMD 85-1

PMD-85 became quite popular. It had his drawbacks; sockets for some IOs weren’t precise and some IO could sometimes overheat. On the other hand, it was really the best Czechoslovak computer of the time. Tesla made some successors, named PMD 85-2, PMD 85-2A and PMD 85-3, with better keyboard, more memory, color display or ALL RAM mode. Czech fans made a lot of games and utilities for PMD, as well as hardware add-ons, from industrial printer interface to a joystick interface. PMD still has a strong community in both Czech and Slovak Republic till today and you can buy or build for example floppy disk drive or MIF-85 – a sound interface based on SAA1099.

PMD has some clones, namely Maťo, Zbrojováček or Didaktik Alfa, manufactured not by Tesla, but by a co-op, a school supplier, or the arms manufacturer Zbrojovka Brno.

If PMD-85 was the most beloved computer, its cousin, the IQ-151 was the widely hated one. It was designed by Czech company ZPA, a research plant focused on industrial automation. IQ-151 was a very big and heavy computer. It contains “mainboard” with 8080 CPU and some support parts, dock for expansion module and the infamous power supply which overheated, but it couldn’t provide enough power for more than two modules. If you wanted to work you have to connect at least a display module and a BASIC module. It was really a horrible computer. Poorly designed, poorly manufactured, with terrible keyboard seemingly based on a doorbell. The manufacturer made some necessary changes later on, but users disliked IQ-151.

The IQ-151 was planned as a school computer and some schools actually got it. At the dawn of the Eastern Bloc, the IQ-151 was upgraded to work in a local area network, with some kind of CP/M. The Mathematics and Physics department at the Charles University in Prague developed their own operating system, AMOS, and a Pascal compiler.

Let me say a little remark about “home computers”. Ondra or PMD-85 were home computers as we understand this term now: single case with keyboard, cassette tape as storage and TV for video out. But “home” is strongly misleading in the conjunction with Czechoslovak computers. The price of these computers was really fantastic – six month average salary or so, so the majority of production was bought by schools, clubs, industrial plants or research institutes. Technically, there were home computers, but almost nobody had these computers really at home as own, personal computer.

So the question is: What did we have in our households as our real home computer? Simple answer is: Everything we could smuggle from Western Germany, Austria or Britain. The most popular brands were Sinclair and Atari. You could buy, unofficially, of course, Sinclair ZX Spectrum and Atari 800 XL at prices about one month salary. Sometimes some official importer went mad and bought 1000 pieces of Sharp MZ-821 and sold them on the local market. The same situation was with Sord m5 – there were about 1000 m5s in Czechoslovakia. At the end of 80s some Amigas or Atari STs appeared in Czechoslovakia, but again individually imported.

But none of these importers ever imported any literature, manuals, just anything, so Czechoslovak computer fans were “hackers with a reason”. Total lack of information made us find fragments of knowledge almost everywhere. In hobby magazines, bad photocopies of foreign catalogs, books, foreign magazines. My friend, for example, had only an Atari 800XL, a list of instruction names for 6502 and disassembler software, so he reconstructed the whole instruction code table and meaning of codes by trial and error. I rewrote his remarks and “discoveries” on my typewriter in three exemplars, sent them to club newsletter.

Needless to say there was not only the official electronics and radio magazine Amatérské Rádio, but some computer clubs issued their own magazines too. They were published at varying levels of quality, from four papers joined by paperclip to professional brochures, issued in series of tens or hundreds copies. Members of these clubs shared their knowledge, lent documentation and made copies of software, from cassette to cassette, free of charge. Yes, it was breaking the copyright, and it was everywhere – from hobbyists to big corporations.

The ZX Spectrum and Atari 800XL

There was two strong scenes: one around Sinclair/Spectrum, and one around Atari, both with thousands of owners. Some people had Commodore C64, some Sord, Sharp MZ or Amstrad CPC, with tens or hundreds owners of each type. But there was rare computers too. For example, my friend’s father on his business trip “to the West” bought a Laser 210, which was rare computer here. It was very expensive, so he did not buy any software or something more. My friend then had a computer with literally no software or knowledge, he had a User Manual only, and he couldn’t find anyone with the same computer to share info or software.

Talking about software – the situation was even more ridiculous! Try to guess – how many software titles for home computers could you buy in Czechoslovak software shops in 1987? No, it wasn’t 1000. Not even 500. Neither 100 nor 50… No, not 10. The correct answer is: You couldn’t buy software in a shop! There were no shops with software or computer games. It was smuggled and copied from western countries. On the other side the lack of software meant that nearly every computer owner had to learn a little bit programming, at least in BASIC. There were a lot of skilled programmers who wrote games, compilers, and database programs. Another curiosity: when you wrote a software, it was illegal to sell it! That only became legal in 1988 and you still had to get an authority agreement.

To answer to the question “why Czechoslovak home computers uses primarily cassette tapes and not floppy disks?” Because you couldn’t simply buy a floppy disk at your local shop. There were five or ten better equipped shops in the whole country and they maybe had floppy disks. They got for example ten boxes of 5.25” floppies, sold out in one hour, and no more for two, three, six months… The only solution was smuggling, or black market. It got slightly better at the end of 80s.

Didaktik Gama

In 1987 manufacturer of school supplies Didaktik Skalica, maker of PMD clone Didaktik Alfa, made another computer named Didaktik Gama – a real clone of ZX Spectrum, extended with 8255 PIO and with RAM expanded to 80 kB. They bought a lot of original ULAs somewhere, so they built ZX Spectrum clone and started to sell it for a reasonable price. At the very end of 80’s we could buy this Czechoslovak computer at home for about one month salary.

This was the official part of Czechoslovak personal computers. We have to mention two local phenomena. The first one was a “capitalist enclave” – JZD Slušovice (JZD means ‘agricultural cooperative’). Its leader built a market oasis with a lot of economical exceptions, so they could buy ICs directly for foreign currencies, Dollars or Deutsche Marks. Therefore they made very sophisticated computers with contemporary design, for example based on Z80, with two floppy drives, RAM disk and CP/M. Oh, pardon, not CP/M, it was MIKROS or TNS-DOS – it was totally compatible with CP/M, but it was unlicensed. At the end of 80s they planned 16-bit computers compatible with PC, but then the Eastern Bloc collapsed and we could buy the original PC directly, mainly at the sales in neighbor countries like Austria or Germany.

The second phenomenon of these times was hobby computers. Mentioned earlier Amatérské Rádio published a lot of schematics and PCBs for different single board computers from Czechoslovak hobbyists. These computers had only one or very few exemplars. Amatérské Rádio itself published its own modular computer system Mikro-AR. But the most weird design I can remember was Mistrum computer – it was compatible with ZX Spectrum, but ULA was simulated by a bunch of chips from 74LSxx line. An unbelievable piece, a monument of an era in which people could develop computers, but couldn’t do it easy as “buy components and build”, the era of true hacking not for fun, but of necessity.

When the Eastern bloc fell down, we quickly filled the technological gap and started to use contemporary hardware, buy software (well… slowly) and adapt ourselves to standard computer economics (I worked with AT286 and laser printer in my first job in spring 1992). But you know – we sometimes reminisce our first computers…

Czechoslovak “home computers” from behind the Iron Curtain – or better say “Officially-made 8bit computers you could meet in 80’s”:

JPR-1 (SAPI-1):

Multi board computer, based on 8080A, 1kB RAM, up to 8kB EPROM. Other boards added RAM, EPROM, TV display 20 lines x 40 characters, QWERTY membrane keyboard etc. Built-in MIKRO BASIC and monitor. Its primary aim was industry.

PMI-80:

Single board school CPU 8080A, 1.1111MHz (10MHz / 9), 1kB RAM, 1kB ROM, 25 key calculator type keyboard, 9 digit 7 segment LED display. Built-in monitor. Tape I/O. Created as didactic tool for technical schools.

PMD 85-1

CPU 8080A, 2. 048MHz, 48kB RAM (later models with 56kB or 64kB), 4 kB ROM (later model with 8kB). Standard QWERTY keyboard, TV OUT 288×256 monochrome graphics, 25 lines, 48 chars. Last model can use 8 colors, first model just 4: black, white, grey and blinking). Tape deck as storage. 1bit beeper. Two parallel ports, serial port (8251). It uses ROM cartridges with BASIC (later you could buy Pascal too).

IQ-151:

School computer, based on CPU 8080A, 2MHz, 32kB RAM (up to 64), 6kB EPROM (+ cartridges), 32 lines x 32 characters TV OUT (later 64 characters per line), you can add graphic monochrome module with 512×256 pixels resolution. Single bit speaker. 5 expansion slots, two of them were permanently taken by display adapter and BASIC. Very poor power supply, tends to overheat.

Tesla Ondra:

Very rare computer. CPU U880D (Z80 clone from GDR), 2MHz, 64kB RAM, 4kB ROM, TV display 20 lines x 40 chars, graphic mode 320 x 240 monochrome. QWERTY keyboard, tape interface. BASIC was on the tape and you had to load it before use.

Didaktik Gama:

ZX Spectrum clone with original ULA (later models Didaktik M and Didaktik Kompakt from early 90’s use ULA1 from USSR, so the display was square shaped instead of rectangle and there were some timing incompatibilities). It was the first real home computer you could buy.

[Martin Malý] works as a media technology consultant and team leader of developers for some Czech newspapers. He has experience from startups and did a lot of web projects (e.g. was a Lead developer, Programmer, Administrator, Manager and Ideologist for a cutting edge Czech blogging system called Bloguje.cz).

His biggest hobby, beside programming, is microelectronics and old computers. He did some task programming on railroad engines, based on microcontrollers (8051 family, AVR, Microchip) and some “homebrew” gadgets, computers etc. He joined his two hobbies together in ASM80.com – an online IDE and assembler for 8bit CPUs.

[Martin] is an Evangelist and Teacher of New Web Technologies (OpenID, OAuth, cloud computing, HTML5, Node.js, Coffeescript and other stuff) as well as Evangelist of HTML5 development for mobile devices.

He does quite a bit of writing – starting with some juvenile textperiments, continuing through a series of blogs and online magazines, and he ended up as an Editor-in-Chief of zdrojak.cz – an online mag about web technologies.

How To Pronounce Kmety: Kmety pronunciation

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Decoder — command — The Big Encyclopedia of Oil and Gas, article, page 3

Page 3

The command code containing 1 in bit 7 enters the diagnostic command decoder CA . The micro-diagnostics program contains basically standard repetitive sequences of commands that load micro-commands into the control memory information register, execute them and compare the results with standards. With their help, various fields of the microinstruction register are filled with the contents of the RgDG. If there is a 1 in bit 4 of the Set Groups command code, the accumulated micro-instruction is executed. The execution of each microcommand is accompanied by a comparison of the last bits of the microcommand address with the reference values of these bits specified by bits 5 and 6 of the Set Groups command code. This checks the execution of all analysis micro-operations that change the value of the last bits of the micro-command address. A mismatch between these values causes an AV transition error trigger to be set, diagnostics to stop, and the cause of the stop to be displayed on the display.
[31]

Block diagram of the microprocessor U 808 D.
[32]

Commands read from RAM are transferred to the command register and decoded in the command decoder . The instruction pool in the U808D microprocessor is 48 instructions. From the command decoded and to be processed, the appropriate cycle control follows.
[33]

The MP control unit includes a P/C command register, command decoder D1 / L and g — him control — synchronization SU S, built on the microprogram principle.
[34]

In addition to the section control signals KM1804VU1, KM1804VU2 provides control of the command counter, PLA of the command decoder and the microinstruction register.
[35]

The remote control system receiver consists of a radio receiver that receives command signals and a command decoder that extracts and generates commands for turning on or off the executive relays. Therefore, one of the designs of the crane control equipment provides for the transmission of a larger number of commands.
[36]

On the strobe signal ACCEPT THE COMMAND accompanying the command from the USC, it is decoded by the command decoder . The signal from the corresponding output of the decoder excites one of the command register mode triggers. The transition of the adapter, as well as the entire data link, from the control state, in which it is possible to perform the connection establishment procedure, to the data transfer mode is accompanied by setting the trigger in the control node to a single state, issuing the TEXT signal.
[37]

The circuit in which the processor converts the instruction code into special control signals is called the instruction decoder .
[38]

Structural diagram of typewriter control when it is connected to a channel.
[39]

It contains the necessary units for generating control signals, registers, address decoder and command decoder , unit for monitoring transmitted and received parity information.
[40]

Command information is selected from the OP and entered on the command register RK, from the output of which it enters the command decoder DshK, implemented on programmable ROM. With the help of DshK, the starting address of the microprogram for the execution of an individual command or group of commands is formed. To combine the microprograms of some commands, indirect control by the command code is used by the BO processing unit. The basis of the BO is a 16-bit ALU built on the basis of a 4-bit microprocessor section K1804BC1 containing an adder, 16 local memory cells, an additional register, shifters, data transmission multiplexers and control circuits. The input of the BO receives information from the shifter. Information from the built-in OP or OR is received by the switch.
[41]

The interface includes a register for temporary storage of information, switched buffers of this register with the internal circuit of the device, command decoders and addresses coming to this device.
[42]

Line printer components.| General block diagram of an alphanumeric printer.
[43]

The following are highlighted on it: the block for interface with the BSC channel, the PC status register, the RUS updated status register, command decoder DShK , VUZ recording control unit, BN buffer drive, BUP print control unit, BOOM mechanism control unit and PM printing mechanism.
[44]

Although the function of the instruction register is limited, its role in the operation of the microprocessor is great, since the output of this register is part of the instruction decoder .
[45]

Pages:

one

four

Technology — manufacturing — chip

Page 1

microchip manufacturing technology can be not only the same as described above. For their manufacture, ceramic or glass plates are taken as a substrate. Connections between the components of the race-film circuit are obtained by deposition of a film of gold or silver on the substrate in high vacuum; Ni-chromium or tantalum films are used to form resistors.
[1]

Manufacturing technology of microcircuits of the first group is called glider, and the technology for manufacturing microcircuits of the second group is called planar-epitaxial.
[2]

Features of manufacturing technology of microcircuits determine the specifics of their drawings. In the manufacture of a hybrid thin-film integrated circuit, drawings of multilayer boards are developed. These drawings show the placement and truss of elements and their connections.
[3]

Enclosures and panels for LSI.
[4]

At present, chip manufacturing technology has reached a level that allows you to create large integrated circuits.
[5]

Depending on the manufacturing technology, microcircuits are divided into semiconductor and film. Film circuits, in turn, are divided into thin-film and thick-film. The former are obtained by the methods of thermal evaporation of materials and cathode sputtering, the latter by the methods of silk-screen printing and the burning of special pastes into ceramics. A variety of thin-film microcircuits used in the microwave range are microstrip circuits. According to the degree of unification and application in REA, microcircuits are divided into microcircuits of wide and private use.
[6]

With the development of highly integrated chip manufacturing technology and MOS technology, it became necessary to eliminate the operation of large-scale drawing of the original photomask of the chip.
[7]

The instruction cycle time of the U808D microprocessor is determined by chip manufacturing technology . In the p-MOS technology used here, the maximum cycle time is 135 µs.
[8]

The nature of these bonds depends on the method of isolation and chip manufacturing technology . To a lesser extent, the substrate affects the parameters of transistors when using dielectric insulation.
[9]

The manufacturing technology of microcircuits of the first group is called glider, and the manufacturing technology of microcircuits of the second group is called planar epitaxial.
[10]

Increasing the complexity of ICs, tightening requirements for their reliability, expanding areas of application with a constant increase in the ranges of operational influences require not only improved design and manufacturing technology for microcircuits, but also a clear organization of a unified approach to solving methodological issues in assessing the quality and reliability of ICs. An important place is given to the testing of ICs.
[11]

The holographic method is becoming more and more widely used for solving various problems, such as pattern recognition, building high-capacity memory blocks, input and output of information, in manufacturing technology for microcircuits, and many others.
[12]

If the manufacturing technology of microcircuits is known, then the physical structure is selected, the physical parameters are calculated for it, and on the basis of these data, the parameters of active and passive elements are calculated. If the existing technology does not meet the requirements of the designed microcircuit, first, physical structures are calculated based on the electrical parameters of the active elements, and then the technological modes are determined.
[13]

To increase the speed of MESL elements, it is necessary to reduce the barrier capacitances of p-n junctions, parasitic capacitances of conductors, base resistance, limit the number of loads and increase the cut-off frequency of transistors. All this is achieved by improving the design and chip manufacturing technology . The decrease in resistance RK is limited by the increase in power consumption.
[14]

Changes in the computer market were caused by the advent of chips, which made it possible to create mini-computers available to small organizations. These computers were well received (and still sell well), but new changes were coming. The development of manufacturing technology for microcircuits led to the creation of small computers (microcomputers) in terms of performance quite comparable to mini-or even large computers, but having such a low price that they became available not only to any small organization, but also to individual users. And when these computers began to be sold really in mass quantities and in a large number of different models, the need to create advanced software available to the user in any store became obvious.
[15]

Pages:

one

I…IE | AVT Market — online directory of radio components

A
|| B || C
|| D || E
|| F || G
|| H || I
|| J || K
|| L|| M
|| N || O
|| P || Q
|| R || S
|| T || U
|| V || W
|| X || Y
|| Z || m
|| 0..1N || 1NA..1R || 1S

1SA..2M
|| 2N || 2NA..2S
|| 2SA || 2SB
|| 2SC || 2SD
|| 2SH..2SJ || 2SK
|| 2T..3
|| 3N || 3SJ..3SK
|| 3T..9|| 10..99
|| 100..999 || 1000..9999 || 10000..

I

I…IE || IFB…IP || IP…IRC832
|| IRC840…IRF247 || IRF250…541
|| IRF542…832 || IRF833…9640
|| IRF9641…IRFD223 || IRFD310…IRFh350
|| IRFh450…IRFJ131 || IRFJ132…IRFM9240
|| IRFP040…IRFP452 || IRFP453…IRFR9010
|| IRFR9012. ..IRFS442 || IRFS443…9132
|| IRFS9133…IRFZ24S || IRFZ25…iT3812A-AS
|| ITR17052…IZ5

Designation

Type

Structure

Device

Short Description

Housing

Photo

Comparison types

GaAs-N-FET

=2SK1196 (Type-Code/Stempel/marking)

see photo

see 2SK1196

I C

Si-N+R

=UN7231 (Type-Code/Stempel/marking)

see photo

see UN7231

Si-Di

1SS336 (Type-Code/Stempel/marking)

see photo

see 1SS336

i1103

dRAM-IC

1024 Bit

18-DIP

see photo

U253D

i1302

ROM-IC

2048 Bit

24-DIP

see photo

U501D

i1602A

PROM-IC

256×8 Bit

24-DIP

see photo

U551D

i1702A

EPROM-IC

256×8 Bit

24-DIP

see photo

U552C

i2102A

sRAM-IC

1024 Bit

16-DIP

see photo

U202D

i2114

sRAM-IC

1024×4 Bit

18-DIP

see photo

..2114…,U214D

i2115

sRAM-IC

1024×1 Bit

16-DIP

see photo

U215D

i2124

sRAM-IC

1024×4 Bit

18-DIP

see photo

U224D | UL224D | US224D | VL224D

i2125

sRAM-IC

1024×1 Bit

16-DIP

see photo

U225D

i2147H

sRAM-IC

4096×1 Bit

18-DIP

see photo

…2147…

i2148

sRAM-IC

1024×4 Bit

18-DIP

see photo

..2148… | U2148C

i2308

ROM-IC

8192-Bit, mask.-progr.

24-DIP

see photo

U506D

i2364

ROM-IC

8192×8 Bit

28-DIP

see photo

MN2364 | U2364D

i2616

PROM-IC

2048×8 Bit

24-DIP

see photo

U2616D

i2708

EPROM-IC

1024×8 Bit

24-DIP

see photo

U555C

i2716

EPROM-IC

2048×8 Bit

24-DIP

see photo

..2716… | U2716C

i2764

EPROM-IC

8192×8 Bit, 200ns

28-DIP

see photo

…2716…

i3245

I/O-IC

=mA9645

see photo

see mA9645

i4016

sRAM-IC

2048×8 Bit

24-DIP

see photo

MN4216 | MN4316

i8008

mP-IC

8-Bit CPU

18-DIP

see photo

U808D

i8205

TTL-IC

Schottky,1/8 binary dec.

16-DIP

see photo

DS8205D

i8212

TTL-IC

Schottky,8-Bit bus driver

24-DIP

see photo

DS8212D

i8216

TTL-IC

Schottky,4-Bit bus driver

16-DIP

see photo

DS8216D

i8272

I/O-IC

Floppy Disk Controller

40-DIP

see photo

U8272D

i8282

TTL-IC

Schottky,8-Bit bus driver

20-DIP

see photo

DS8282D

i8283

TTL-IC

Schottky,8-Bit bus driver

20-DIP

see photo

DS8283D

i8286

TTL-IC

Schottky,8-Bit bus driver

20-DIP

see photo

DS8286D

i8287

TTL-IC

Schottky,8-Bit bus driver

20-DIP

see photo

DS8287D

i23128

ROM-IC

16384×8 Bit, 250ns

28-DIP

see photo

MN23128

i82720

MOS-IC

Graphic-Display-Controller

see photo

U82720D

MOS-N-FET-e

=mPA602T (Type-Code/Stempel/marking)

see photo

see mPA602T

IBB1488B

OP-IC

Dual, Series 158

8-DIP

see photo

see MC1458

Si-N

=2SC3016 (Type-Code/Stempel/marking)

see photo

see 2SC3016

ICE

see photo

ICL108.

OP-IC

mA108…

see photo

see mA108…

ICL741…

OP-IC

mA741…

see photo

see mA741

ICL7106

A/D-IC

A/D-Converter, 3.5 digit

40-DIP

see photo

TSC7106A | kr572pv5

ICL7107

A/D-IC

A/D Converter

40-DIP

see photo

TSC7107A | kr572pv2

ICL7136

A/D-IC

3.5 Digit A/D-Converter

40-DIP

see photo

C7136D

ICL7650CPD

CMOS-OP-IC

Chopper stabilizer ±9V

14-DIP

see photo

U7650DD

ICL7660CAP

CMOS-IC

volt.

conv., 0…+70C

8-DIP

see photo

U7660DC

ICL7660CSA

CMOS-IC

=ICL7660CAP:-25…+85C

8-DIP

see photo

U7660DG

ICM7555CD

LIN-IC

=NE555:CMOS-Version,Min,0…+70C

8-MDIP

see photo

—

ICM7555CFE,CN

CMOS-IC

=NE555:CMOS-Version,0…+70C

8-DIC/DIP

see photo

KS555N

ICM7555ID

LIN-IC

=NE555:CMOS-Version,Min,-40.

..+85C

8-MDIP

see photo

—

ICM7555IFE,IN

LIN-IC

=NE555:CMOS-Version,-40…+85C

8-DIP

see photo

—

ICM7555MFE,MN

LIN-IC

=NE555:CMOS-Version,-55…+125C

8-DIC/DIP

see photo

—

ICM7556

CMOS-IC

=KS556N

14-DIP

see photo

KS556N

Si-N

=2SC3127 (Type-Code/Stempel/marking)

see photo

see 2SC3127

Si-N

=2SC3722K-E (Type-Code/Stempel/marking)

see photo

see 2SC3722K-E

Find:

to:

avt-market.

narod.ru
Narod.RU
Yandex

I

I…IE || IFB…IP || IP…IRC832
|| IRC840…IRF247 || IRF250…541
|| IRF542…832 || IRF833…9640
|| IRF9641…IRFD223 || IRFD310…IRFh350
|| IRFh450…IRFJ131 || IRFJ132…IRFM9240
|| IRFP040…IRFP452 || IRFP453…IRFR9010
|| IRFR9012…IRFS442 || IRFS443…9132
|| IRFS9133…IRFZ24S || IRFZ25…iT3812A-AS
|| ITR17052…IZ5

3c.htm

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Part 10

          3.2. ICs MANUFACTURED IN MEMBER COUNTRIES
CMEA
    To search for a manufacturing country by a known type of IC
leadership of the countries
CMEA members are served by an auxiliary table 3.2.
                                                                T
table 3.2
 ____________ ____ ____________ ____ ____________ ____ _______
_____ ____
| | || | || | ||
     | |
| IC Type Country| IC Type Country| IC Type Country| IC type
     Country
|____________|____||____________|____||____________|____||_______
_____|____|
| | || | || | ||
     | |
|1IE90SHM |RB ||4066BPC |VR ||74196PC |VR ||74LS175
PC |VR |
|1IE95SHM |RB ||4069UBPC |VR ||74197PC |VR ||74LS190
PC |VR |
|1LB00SHM |RB ||4071BPC |VR ||74198PC |VR ||74LS191
PC |VR |
|1LB04SHM |RB ||4073BPC |VR ||74199PC |VR ||74LS192
PC |VR |
|1LB10SHM |RB ||4081BPC |VR ||7420PC |VR ||74LS193
PC |VR |
|1LB40SHM |RB ||4093BPC |VR ||7421PC |VR ||74LS194
PC |VR |
|1LP6880 |RB ||4098BPC |BP ||7423PC |BP ||74LS20P
C |BP |
|1LP6885 |RB ||4116PC-15 |VR ||74248PC |VR ||74LS253
PC |VR |
|1LP6886 |RB ||4116PC-20 |VR ||74259PC |VR ||74LS257
PC |VR |
|1LP6887 |RB ||4116PC-25 |VR ||7425PC |VR ||74LS258
PC |VR |
|1LP6888 |RB ||4508BPC |VR ||7426PC |VR ||74LS259
PC |VR |
|1LP75361 |RB ||4510BPC |VR ||74279PC |VR ||74LS266
PC |VR |
|1LP8216 |RB ||4511BPC |VR ||7427PC |VR ||74LS27P
C |BP |
|1LP8226 |RB ||4516BPC |VR ||74283PC |VR ||74LS295
PC |VR |
|1MP1496R |RB ||4518BPC |VR ||74290PC |VR ||74LS298
PC |VR |
|1I123 |RB ||5603APC |VR ||74293PC |VR ||74LS30P
C |BP |
|1OI277 |RB ||5623APC |VR ||74298PC |VR ||74LS32P
C |BP |
|1I555SM |RB ||7400PC |VR ||7430PC |VR ||74LS38P
C |BP |
|1PK1408M |RB ||7401PC |VR ||7432PC |VR ||74LS40P
C |BP |
|1PS75450 |RB ||7402PC |VR ||7437PC |VR ||74LS42P
C |BP |
|1RN01B |RB ||7403PC |VR ||7438PC |VR ||74LS47P
C |BP |
|1RN723/S |RB ||7404PC |VR ||7439PC |BP ||74LS74P
C |BP |
|1723/SR |RB ||7405PC |VR ||7440PC |VR ||74LS85P
C |BP |
|1RN7805CP |RB ||7406PC |VR ||7441PC |VR ||74LS86P
C |BP |
|1RN7812CP |RB ||7407PC |VR ||7442PC |VR ||74LS90P
C |BP |
|1RN7815CP |RB ||7408PC |VR ||7443PC |VR ||74LS92P
C |BP |
|1RN7905CP |RB ||74104PC |VR ||7444PC |VR ||74LS93P
C |BP |
|1RN7912SR |RB ||74105PC |VR ||7445PC |VR ||74LS95p
C |BP |
|1RN7915CP |RB ||74107PC |VR ||7446PC |VR ||74S188P
C |BP |
|1RP1060 |RB ||74109PC |VR ||7447PC |VR ||74S287P
C |BP |
|1CA311E |RB ||7410PC |VR ||7448PC |VR ||74S387P
C |BP |
|1CA311M |RB ||74116PC |VR ||7449PC |VR ||75107PC
     | BP |
|1CA527/S |RB ||7411PC |VR ||7450PC |VR ||75108PC
     | BP |
|1CA710 |RB ||74121PC |VR ||7451PC |VR ||75109PC
     | BP |
|1TD74ShM |RB ||74122PC |VR ||7453PC |VR ||75110PC
     | BP |
|1UM6601 |RB ||74123PC |VR ||7454PC |VR ||75121PC
     | BP |
|1UO01A |RB ||74125PC |VR ||7460PC |VR ||75122PC
     | BP |
|1UO101 |RB ||74126PC |VR ||7470PC |VR ||75123PC
     | BP |
|1UO201 |RB ||7412PC |VR ||7472PC |VR ||75124PC
     | BP |
|1UO301 |RB ||74132PC |VR ||7473PC |VR ||75150PC
     | BP |
|1UO5534 |RB ||7413PC |VR ||7474PC |VR ||75154PC
     | BP |
|1UO592R |RB ||74141PC |VR ||7475PC |VR ||75207PC
     | BP |
|1UO709/C |RB ||74145PC |VR ||7476PC |VR ||75208PC
     | BP |
|1UO709/CE |RB ||74148PC |VR ||7477PC |VR ||7520PC
     | BP |
|1UO709/CM |RB ||7414PC |VR ||7480PC |VR ||7521PC
     | BP |
|1UO739 |RB ||74150PC |VR ||7482PC |VR ||7522PC
     | BP |
|1UO741/S |RB ||74151PC |VR ||7483PC |VR ||75234PC
     | BP |
|1UO741/CM |RB ||74152PC |VR ||7485PC |VR ||75235PC
     | BP |
|1UO741/SR |RB ||74153PC |VR ||7486PC |VR ||7523PC
     | BP |
|1UO748 |RB ||74154PC |VR ||7489PC |VR ||7524PC
     | BP |
|1US6270 |RB ||74155PC |VR ||7490PC |VR ||7525PC
     | BP |
|2102APC |BP ||74156PC |BP ||7491PC |BP ||7528PC
     | BP |
|2102APC-2 |BP ||74157PC |BP ||7492PC |BP ||7529PC
     | BP |
|2102APC-4 |BP ||74160PC |BP ||7493PC |BP ||75325PC
     | BP |
|2102APC-6 |BP ||74161PC |BP ||7494PC |BP ||7534PC
     | BP |
|2102BPC |BP ||74162PC |BP ||7495PC |VR ||7535PC
     | BP |
|4001BPC |BP ||74163PC |BP ||7496PC |BP ||75450PC
     | BP |
|4007UBPC |BP ||74164PC |BP ||7497PC |BP ||75460PC
     | BP |
|4010BPC |BP ||74165PC |BP ||74LS00PC |BP ||75491PC
     | BP |
|4011BPC |BP ||74166PC |BP ||74LS02PC |BP ||75492PC
     | BP |
|4012BPC |BP ||74167PC |BP ||74LS03PC |BP ||7621PC
     | BP |
|4013BPC |BP ||7416PC |BP ||74LS04PC |BP ||7641PC
     | BP |
|4016BPC |BP ||74170PC |BP ||74LS08PC |BP ||8080APC
     | BP |
|4017BPC |BP ||74174PC |BP ||74LS10PC |BP ||8212PC
     | BP |
|4020BPC |BP ||74175PC |BP ||74LS123PC |BP ||8216PC
     | BP |
|4022BPC |BP ||74176PC |BP ||74LS12PC |BP ||8224PC
     | BP |
|4023BPC |BP ||74177PC |BP ||74LS132PC |BP ||82S126P
C |BP |
|4027BPC |BP ||74178PC |BP ||74LS138PC |BP ||82S129P
C |BP |
|4028BPC |BP ||74179PC |BP ||74LS139PC |BP ||8308PC
     | BP |
|4029BPC |BP ||7417PC |BP ||74LS145PC |BP ||PC
     | BP |
|4030BPC |BP ||74180PC |BP ||74LS14PC |BP ||PC
     | BP |
|4034BPC |BP ||74181PC |BP ||74LS151PC |BP ||A109D
     | East Germany |
|4042BPC |BP ||74182PC |BP ||74LS153PC |BP ||A110D
     | East Germany |
|4044BPC |BP ||74190PC |BP ||74LS155PC |BP ||A1524D
     | East Germany |
|4049UBPC |BP ||74191PC |BP ||74LS157PC |BP ||A1818D
     | East Germany |
|4050BPC |BP ||74192PC |BP ||74LS162PC |BP ||A2000V
     | East Germany |
|4055BPC |BP ||74193PC |BP ||74LS163PC |BP ||A2005V
     | East Germany |
|4056BPC |BP ||74194PC |BP ||74LS164PC |BP ||A202D
     | East Germany |
|4060BPC |BP ||74195PC |BP ||74LS174PC |BP ||A2030H
     | East Germany |
|____________|____||____________|____||____________|____||_______
_____|____|
                                                    Continuation t
tables 3. 2
 ____________ ____ ____________ ____ ____________ ____ _______
_____ ____
| | || | || | ||
     | |
| IC Type Country| IC Type Country| IC Type Country| IC type
     Country
|____________|____||____________|____||____________|____||_______
_____|____|
| | || | || | ||
     | |
|A2030V |GDR ||B555D |GDR ||D126D |GDR ||DL2632D
     | East Germany |
|A205D |GDR ||B556D |GDR ||D130D |GDR ||DL295D
     | East Germany |
|A210E |GDR ||B584X |GDR ||D140D |GDR ||DL299D
     | East Germany |
|A210K |GDR ||B589N |GDR ||D146D |GDR ||DL374D
     | East Germany |
|A211D |GDR ||B611D |GDR ||D147D |GDR ||DL540D
     | East Germany |
|A220D |GDR ||B615D |GDR ||D150D |GDR ||DL541D
     | East Germany |
|A223D |GDR ||B621D |GDR ||D151D |GDR ||DL8121D
     | East Germany |
|A224D |GDR ||B625D |GDR ||D153D |GDR ||DL8127D
     | East Germany |
|A225D |GDR ||B631D |GDR ||D154D |GDR ||DL8205D
     | East Germany |
|A231D |GDR ||B635D |GDR ||D160D |GDR ||DL8212D
     | East Germany |
|A232D |GDR ||B654D |GDR ||D172D |GDR ||DL8216D
     | East Germany |
|A240D |GDR ||B7240X |GDR ||D174D |GDR ||DL8282D
     | East Germany |
|A241D |GDR ||B761D |GDR ||D175D |GDR ||DL8283D
     | East Germany |
|A244D |GDR ||B765D |GDR ||D181N |GDR ||DL8286D
     | East Germany |
|A250D |GDR ||B861D |GDR ||D191N |GDR ||DL8287D
     | East Germany |
|A255D |GDR ||B865D |GDR ||D192N |GDR ||E100D
     | East Germany |
|A270D |GDR ||C500D |GDR ||D193N |GDR ||E103D
     | East Germany |
|A273D |GDR ||C501D |GDR ||D195N |GDR ||E104D
     | East Germany |
|A274D |GDR ||C502D |GDR ||D200D |GDR ||E108D
     | East Germany |
|A277D |GDR ||C504D |GDR ||D201D |GDR ||E110D
     | East Germany |
|A281D |GDR ||C520D |GDR ||D204D |GDR ||E120D
     | East Germany |
|A283D |GDR ||C560D |GDR ||D210D |GDR ||E121D
     | East Germany |
|A290D |GDR ||C5650D |GDR ||D220D |GDR ||E126D
     | East Germany |
|A295D |GDR ||C5658D |GDR ||D230D |GDR ||E130D
     | East Germany |
|A301D |GDR ||C565D |GDR ||D240D |GDR ||E140D
     | East Germany |
|A301V |GDR ||C570D |GDR ||D251D |GDR ||E146D
     | East Germany |
|A302D |GDR ||C571D |GDR ||D254D |GDR ||E147D
     | East Germany |
|A3501D |GDR ||C7136D |GDR ||D274D |GDR ||E150D
     | East Germany |
|A3510D |GDR ||CA1000 |VR ||D345D |GDR ||E151D
     | East Germany |
|A3520D |GDR ||CDB400E |Room ||D346D |GDR ||E153D
     | East Germany |
|A4100D |GDR ||CDB403E |Room ||D347D |GDR ||E154D
     | East Germany |
|A4510D |GDR ||CDB404E |Room ||D348D |GDR ||E160D
     | East Germany |
|A718D |GDR ||CDB405E |Room ||D351D |GDR ||E172D
     | East Germany |
|B060D |GDR ||CDB406E |Room ||D355D |GDR ||E174D
     | East Germany |
|B061D |GDR ||CDB407E |Room ||D356D |GDR ||E175D
     | East Germany |
|B062D |GDR ||CDB408E |Room ||D394D |GDR ||E181D
     | East Germany |
|B064D |GDR ||CDB409E |Room ||D395D |GDR ||E191D
     | East Germany |
|B066D |GDR ||CDB410E |Room ||D410D |GDR ||E192D
     | East Germany |
|B080D |GDR ||CDB4121E |Room ||D461D |GDR ||E193D
     | East Germany |
|B081D |GDR ||CDB4122E |Room ||D491D |GDR ||E195D
     | East Germany |
|B082D |GDR ||CDB413E |Room ||D492D |GDR ||E204D
     | East Germany |
|B083D |GDR ||CDB4151E |Room ||D716X |GDR ||E274D
     | East Germany |
|B084D |GDR ||CDB4153E |Room ||D718D |GDR ||E310D
     | East Germany |
|B109D |GDR ||CDB4157E |Room ||DAC08 |Room ||E345D
     | East Germany |
|B110D |GDR ||CDB416E |Room ||DAC32CB10 |GDR ||E346D
     | East Germany |
|B165H |GDR ||CDB417E |Room ||DAC32CB12 |GDR ||E347D
     | East Germany |
|B165V |GDR ||CDB4180E |Room ||DAC32COB10 |GDR ||E348D
     | East Germany |
|B176D |GDR ||CDB4192E |Room ||DAC32COB12 |GDR ||E351D
     | East Germany |
|B177D |GDR ||CDB4193E |Room ||DL000D |GDR ||E355D
     | East Germany |
|B222D |GDR ||CDB420E |Room ||DL002D |GDR ||E356D
     | East Germany |
|B260D |GDR ||CDB430E |Room ||DL003D |GDR ||E412D
     | East Germany |
|B2761D |GDR ||CDB440E |Room ||DL004D |GDR ||E435E
     | East Germany |
|B2765D |GDR ||CDB442E |Room ||DL008D |GDR ||GA800
     | BP |
|B303D |GDR ||CDB446E |Room ||DL010D |GDR ||HAD06
     | BP |
|B304D |GDR ||CDB447E |Room ||DL011D |GDR ||HAD08
     | BP |
|B305D |GDR ||CDB448E |Room ||DL014D |GDR ||HAD10
     | BP |
|B306D |GDR ||CDB450E |Room ||DL020D |GDR ||HAD11
     | BP |
|B308D |GDR ||CDB451E |Room ||DL021D |GDR ||HDA02
     | BP |
|B315D |GDR ||CDB453E |Room ||DL030D |GDR ||HDA03
     | BP |
|B315E |GDR ||CDB454E |Room ||DL032D |GDR ||HDA04
     | BP |
|B315K |GDR ||CDB460E |Room ||DL037D |GDR ||HDA06
     | BP |
|B3170V |GDR ||CDB472E |Room ||DL038D |GDR ||HDA09| BP |
|B3171V |GDR ||CDB473E |Room ||DL040D |GDR ||HDA10
     | BP |
|B318D |GDR ||CDB474E |Room ||DL051D |GDR ||HDA11
     | BP |
|B325D |GDR ||CDB475E |Room ||DL074D |GDR ||HDA12
     | BP |
|B325E |GDR ||CDB476E |Room ||DL083D |GDR ||HDA13
     | BP |
|B325K |GDR ||CDB481E |Room ||DL086D |GDR ||HDA15
     | BP |
|B331G |GDR ||CDB483E |Room ||DL090D |GDR ||HDA16
     | BP |
|B3370V |GDR ||CDB486E |Room ||DL093D |GDR ||HDA17
     | BP |
|B3371V |GDR ||CDB490E |Room ||DL112D |GDR ||HDA18
     | BP |
|B340D |GDR ||CDB492E |Room ||DL123D |GDR ||HDA22
     | BP |
|B341D |GDR ||CDB493E |Room ||DL132D |GDR ||HIA06
     | BP |
|B342D |GDR ||CDB495E |Room ||DL155D |GDR ||HLC03
     | BP |
|B360D |GDR ||CLBM2711EC |Room ||DL164D |GDR ||HMC01
     | BP |
|B380D |GDR ||D100D |GDR ||DL175D |GDR ||HMS02
     | BP |
|B390D |GDR ||D103D |GDR ||DL192D |GDR ||HMS04
     | BP |
|B4002D |GDR ||D104D |GDR ||DL193D |GDR ||HMS11
     | BP |
|B4211D |GDR ||D108D |GDR ||DL194D |GDR ||HMS15
     | BP |
|B461D |GDR ||D110D |GDR ||DL251D |GDR ||HSH02
     | BP |
|B462D |GDR ||D120D |GDR ||DL253D |GDR ||HSH06
     | BP |
|B4761D |GDR ||D121D |GDR ||DL257D |GDR ||HUF03
     | BP |
|B4765D |GDR ||D122D |GDR ||DL259D |GDR ||HUF04
     | BP |
|B511N |GDR ||D123D |GDR ||DL2631D |GDR ||HUF06
     | BP |
|____________|____||____________|____||____________|____||_______
_____|____|
                                                    Continuation t
tables 3. 2
 ____________ ____ ____________ ____ ____________ ____ _______
_____ ____
| | || | || | ||
     | |
| IC Type Country| IC Type Country| IC Type Country| IC type
     Country
|____________|____||____________|____||____________|____||_______
_____|____|
| | || | || | ||
     | |
|HUF07A |VR ||MAC357 |CSFR||MCY74030N |PR ||MH7454
     |CSFR|
|HUF07B |BP ||MAE150 |CSFR||MCY74035N |PR ||MH7460
     |CSFR|
|KA601D |GDR ||MAF100 |CSFR||MCY74046N |PR ||MH7472
     |CSFR|
|KA602D |GDR ||MAS1008 |CSFR||MCY74047N |PR ||MH7474
     |CSFR|
|KA610D |GDR ||MAS560A |CSFR||MCY74049N |OL ||MH7475
     |CSFR|
|MA1458 |CSFR||MAS560S |CSFR||MCY74050N |PR ||MH7489
     |CSFR|
|MA3000 |CSFR||MAS562A |CSFR||MCY74066N |PR ||MH7490
     |CSFR|
|MA3005 |CSFR||MAS562S |CSFR||MCY74069N |PR ||MH7493
     |CSFR|
|MA3006 |CSFR||MAS601 |CSFR||MCY74071N |PR ||MH7496
     |CSFR|
|MA350 |CSFR||MAS602 |CSFR||MCY74072N |PR ||MH74ALS
00 |CSFR|
|MA7805 |CSFR||MAS603 |CSFR||MCY74073N |PR ||MH74ALS
02 |CSFR|
|MA7805P |CSFR||MBA125 |CSFR||MCY74075N |PR ||MH74ALS
03 |CSFR|
|MA7812 |CSFR||MBA145 |CSFR||MCY74077N |PR ||MH74ALS
04 |CSFR|
|MA7812P |CSFR||MBA225 |CSFR||MCY74081N |PR ||MH74ALS
05 |CSFR|
|MA7815 |CSFR||MBA245 |CSFR||MCY74082N |PR ||MH74ALS
08 |CSFR|
|MA7815P |CSFR||MBA530 |CSFR||MCY74511N |PR ||MH74ALS
10 |CSFR|
|MA7824 |CSFR||MBA540 |CSFR||MCY74518N |PR ||MH74ALS
112 |CSFR|
|MA7824P |CSFR||MBA810AS |CSFR||MCY74520N |PR ||MH74ALS
192 |CSFR|
|MAA115 |CSFR||MBA810DAS |CSFR||MCY74524N |PR ||MH74ALS
193 |CSFR|
|MAA125 |CSFR||MBA810DS |CSFR||MCY7501N |PR ||MH74ALS
20 |CSFR|
|MAA145 |CSFR||MBA810S |CSFR||MCY7505NA |PR ||MH74ALS
30 |CSFR|
|MAA225 |CSFR||MBA915 |CSFR||MCY7505NB |PR ||MH74ALS
37 |CSFR|
|MAA245 |CSFR||MBA915A |CSFR||MCY7506N |PR ||MH74ALS
38 |CSFR|
|MAA325 |CSFR||MC1024N |PR ||MCY7716R |PR ||MH74ALS
40 |CSFR|
|MAA345 |CSFR||MC1025N |PR ||MCY7851N |PR ||MH74ALS
74 |CSFR|
|MAA435 |CSFR||MC1201N |PR ||MCY7855N |PR ||MH74S00
     |CSFR|
|MAA436 |CSFR||MC1202N |PR ||MCY7880N |PR ||MH74S03
     |CSFR|
|MAA501 |CSFR||MC1203N |PR ||MDA1044 |CSFR||MH74S04
     |CSFR|
|MAA502 |CSFR||MC1203NA |PR ||MDA1044E |CSFR||MH74S10
     |CSFR|
|MAA503 |CSFR||MC1203NB |PR ||MDA1670V |CSFR||MH74S11
2 |CSFR|
|MAA504 |CSFR||MC1204N |PR ||MDA2010 |CSFR||MH74S18
7 |CSFR|
|MAA525 |CSFR||MC1204NA |PR ||MDA2020 |CSFR||MH74S20
     |CSFR|
|MAA550 |CSFR||MC1210N |PR ||MDA2054 |CSFR||MH74S20
1 |CSFR|
|MAA550A |CSFR||MC1211N |PR ||MDA4281V |CSFR||MH74S20
1E |CSFR|
|MAA661 |CSFR||MC14005N |PR ||MDA4290V |CSFR||MH74S28
7 |CSFR|
|MAA723 |CSFR||MC14007N |PR ||MDA7770 |CSFR||MH74S37
     |CSFR|
|MAA723CN |CSFR||MC14008N |PR ||MDAC08C |CSFR||MH74S37
0 |CSFR|
|MAA723H |CSFR||MC14008NA |OL ||MDAC08CC |CSFR||MH74S38
     |CSFR|
|MAA725 |CSFR||MC14008NB |PR ||MDAC08CP |CSFR||MH74S40
     |CSFR|
|MAA725B |CSFR||MC14009N |PR ||MDAC08EC |CSFR||MH74S51
     |CSFR|
|MAA725C |CSFR||MC14009NA |PR ||MDAC08EP |CSFR||MH74S57
1 |CSFR|
|MAA725H |CSFR||MC14009NB |PR ||Mh200 |CSFR||MH74S64
     |CSFR|
|MAA725J |CSFR||MC14010N |PR ||Mh201 |CSFR||MH74S74
     |CSFR|
|MAA725K |CSFR||MC14011N |PR ||Mh202 |CSFR||MH8224
     |CSFR|
|MAA741 |CSFR||MC14013G1 |PR ||Mh2KK1 |CSFR||MH8228
     |CSFR|
|MAA741C |CSFR||MC14013G2 |PR ||Mh2SD1 |CSFR||MH82S11
     |CSFR|
|MAA741CN |CSFR||MCA640 |CSFR||Mh2SS1 |CSFR||MH8641
     |CSFR|
|MAA748 |CSFR||MCA650 |CSFR||Mh2ST1 |CSFR||MHA5085
     |CSFR|
|MAA748C |CSFR||MCA660 |CSFR||Mh3009|CSFR||MHB1012
     |CSFR|
|MAA748CN |CSFR||MCA770A |CSFR||Mh3009A |CSFR||MHB1032
     |CSFR|
|MAB08E |CSFR||MCY1210N |PR ||Mh4001 |CSFR||MHB108
     |CSFR|
|MAB08F |CSFR||MCY7102NA |PR ||Mh4002 |CSFR||MHB1502
     |CSFR|
|MAB08G |CSFR||MCY7102NB |PR ||Mh4003 |CSFR||MHB1504
     |CSFR|
|MAB16E |CSFR||MCY7102NC |PR ||Mh4205 |CSFR||MHB1902
     |CSFR|
|MAB16F |CSFR||MCY7102ND |PR ||Mh4212 |CSFR||MHB2100
     |CSFR|
|MAB16G |CSFR||MCY7114NA |PR ||Mh4214 |CSFR||MHB2102
     |CSFR|
|MAB311 |CSFR||MCY7114NB |PR ||Mh4216 |CSFR||MHB2102
-2 |CSFR|
|MAB360 |CSFR||MCY7114NC |PR ||Mh4226 |CSFR||MHB2102
A |CSFR|
|MAB398 |CSFR||MCY7161N100 |PR ||Mh4SD2 |CSFR||MHB2102
A-4 |CSFR|
|MAB565JC |CSFR||MCY7161N120 |PR ||Mh4SS2 |CSFR||MHB2114
     |CSFR|
|MAB565KC |CSFR||MCY7161N150 |PR ||Mh4ST2 |CSFR||MHB2501
     |CSFR|
|MAB565SC |CSFR||MCY7161N200 |PR ||MH7400 |CSFR||MHB2502
     |CSFR|
|MAB565TC |CSFR||MCY7161N250 |PR ||MH7403 |CSFR||MHB2503
     |CSFR|
|MAB566JC |CSFR||MCY71C03N |PR ||MH7404 |CSFR||MHB2503
A |CSFR|
|MAB566KC |CSFR||MCY7304NAA |PR ||MH7405 |CSFR||MHB2716
C |CSFR|
|MAB566SC |CSFR||MCY7304NAB |PR ||MH7410 |CSFR||MHB4001
     |CSFR|
|MAB566TC |CSFR||MCY7304NAC |PR ||MH74141 |CSFR||MHB4002
     |CSFR|
|MAC01 |CSFR||MCY7346N |PR ||MH74150 |CSFR||MHB4006
     |CSFR|
|MAC01D |CSFR||MCY74000N |PR ||MH74151 |CSFR||MHB4011
     |CSFR|
|MAC01H |CSFR||MCY74001N |PR ||MH74154 |CSFR||MHB4012
     |CSFR|
|MAC08A |CSFR||MCY74002N |PR ||MH74164 |CSFR||MHB4013
     |CSFR|
|MAC111 |CSFR||MCY74008N |PR ||MH74188 |CSFR||MHB4015
     |CSFR|
|MAC155 |CSFR||MCY740102N |PR ||MH74192 |CSFR||MHB4020
     |CSFR|
|MAC156 |CSFR||MCY740103N |PR ||MH74193 |CSFR||MHB4024
     |CSFR|
|MAC157 |CSFR||MCY74011N |PR ||MH7420 |CSFR||MHB4029
     |CSFR|
|MAC160 |CSFR||MCY74012N |PR ||MH7430 |CSFR||MHB4030
     |CSFR|
|MAC16A |CSFR||MCY74013N |PR ||MH7437 |CSFR||MHB4032
     |CSFR|
|MAC198 |CSFR||MCY74019N |PR ||MH7438 |CSFR||MHB4035
     |CSFR|
|MAC24A |CSFR||MCY74023N |PR ||MH7440 |CSFR||MHB4046
     |CSFR|
|MAC24E |CSFR||MCY74025N |PR ||MH7442 |CSFR||MHB4047
     |CSFR|
|MAC28A |CSFR||MCY74027N |PR ||MH7450 |CSFR||MHB4049|CSFR|
|MAC355 |CSFR||MCY74028N |PR ||MH7451 |CSFR||MHB4050
     |CSFR|
|MAC356 |CSFR||MCY74029N |PR ||MH7453 |CSFR||MHB4051
     |CSFR|
|____________|____||____________|____||____________|____||_______
_____|____|
                                                    Continuation t
tables 3. 2
 ____________ ____ ____________ ____ ____________ ____ _______
_____ ____
| | || | || | ||
     | |
| IC Type Country| IC Type Country| IC Type Country| IC type
     Country
|____________|____||____________|____||____________|____||_______
_____|____|
| | || | || | ||
     | |
|MHB4052 |CSFR||MMC4051 |Room ||MMP311 |Room ||TMX18PC
     | BP |
|MHB4053 |CSFR||MMC4052 |Room ||MMP5002 |Room ||U1001C
     | East Germany |
|MHB4066 |CSFR||MMC4053 |Room ||MMP5005 |Room ||U1011C
     | East Germany |
|MHB4068 |CSFR||MMC4054 |Room ||MMP5007 |Room ||U1021D
     | East Germany |
|MHB4076 |CSFR||MMC4055 |Room ||MMP5009|Room ||U1059D
     | East Germany |
|MHB4081 |CSFR||MMC4056 |Room ||MMP708 |Room ||U114D
     | East Germany |
|MHB4098 |CSFR||MMC4060 |Room ||MMP710 |Room ||U116XS
     | East Germany |
|MHB4099 |CSFR||MMC4066 |Room ||MMP711 |Room ||U117X
     | East Germany |
|MHB4116 |CSFR||MMC4067 |Room ||MZh215 |CSFR||U118F
     | East Germany |
|MHB4116-3 |CSFR||MMC4068 |Room ||MZh245 |CSFR||U125D
     | East Germany |
|MHB4116-4 |CSFR||MMC4069|Room ||MZh265 |CSFR||U126D
     | East Germany |
|MHB4311 |CSFR||MMC4070 |Room ||MZh285 |CSFR||U130X
     | East Germany |
|MHB4503 |CSFR||MMC4071 |Room ||MZJ115 |CSFR||U131G
     | East Germany |
|MHB4518 |CSFR||MMC4072 |Room ||MZK105 |CSFR||U132X
     | East Germany |
|MHB4543 |CSFR||MMC4073 |Room ||SAS560S |BP ||U1331XS
     | East Germany |
|MHB4555 |CSFR||MMC4075 |Room ||SAS560S |Room ||U192D
     | East Germany |
|MHB5902 |CSFR||MMC4076 |Room ||SAS570S |BP ||U202D
     | East Germany |
|MHB5902-4 |CSFR||MMC4077 |Room ||SAS570S |Room ||U2148C
     | East Germany |
|MHB6561 |CSFR||MMC4078 |Room ||SAS6600 |VR ||U214C
     | East Germany |
|MHB8035 |CSFR||MMC4081 |Room ||SAS6700 |VR ||U215C
     | East Germany |
|MHB8048 |CSFR||MMC4082 |Room ||ST72CII |Room ||U2164C2
0 |GDR |
|MHB8080A |CSFR||MMC4093 |Room ||TAA550 |Room ||U2164C2
0/1 |GDR |
|MHB8243 |CSFR||MMC4095 |Room ||TAA550A |BP ||U2164C2
5 | GDR |
|MHB8251 |CSFR||MMC4096 |Room ||TAA550B |VR ||U224D
     | East Germany |
|MHB8255A |CSFR||MMC4097 |Room ||TAA550C |BP ||U225D
     | East Germany |
|MHB8282 |CSFR||MMC4098 |Room ||TAA661E |Room ||U2364D
     | East Germany |
|MHB8283 |CSFR||MMC4503 |Room ||TAA691 |BP ||U2365D
     | East Germany |
|MHB8286 |CSFR||MMC4508 |Room ||TBA120AS |BP ||U253D
     | East Germany |
|MHB8287 |CSFR||MMC4510 |Room ||TBA120S |BP ||U256D
     | East Germany |
|MHB8608 |CSFR||MMC4511 |Room ||TBA120T |VR ||U2616D
     | East Germany |
|MHB8708 |CSFR||MMC4516 |Room ||TBA120U |VR ||U2716D
     | East Germany |
|MHB8804 |CSFR||MMC4518 |Room ||TBA120U |Room ||U2732D
     | East Germany |
|MHB9110 |CSFR||MMC4520 |Room ||TBA315E |Room ||U400
     | BP |
|MHB9200 |CSFR||MMC4543 |Room ||TBA315N |Room ||U402
     | East Germany |
|MHBC |CSFR||MMC760 |Room ||TBA520 |VR ||U403
     | East Germany |
|MHBC |CSFR||MMC761 |Room ||TBA530 |BP ||U501
     | East Germany |
|MHB9500 |CSFR||MMC9500 |Room ||TBA530 |Room ||U505D
     | East Germany |
|MHC1502 |CSFR||MMN2102 |Room ||TBA540 |VR ||U5200D
     | East Germany |
|MHC1504 |CSFR||MMN2102-2 |Room ||TBA560C |VR ||U551D
     | East Germany |
|MHC |CSFR||MMN2102-4 |Room ||TBA570A |Room ||U552C
     | East Germany |
|MHCC |CSFR||MMN2102-6 |Room ||TBA570C |Room ||U555C
     | East Germany |
|MHCC |CSFR||MMN2114 |Room ||TBA790 |Room ||U6516D
     | East Germany |
|MHD148 |CSFR||MMN2114-2 |Room ||TBA790K |Room ||U706D
     | East Germany |
|MMC300 |Room ||MMN2114-3 |Room ||TBA790T |Room ||U708D
     | East Germany |
|MMC351 |Room ||MMN4027-2 |Room ||TBA790U |Room ||U713D
     | East Germany |
|MMC4000 |Room ||MMN4027-3 |Room ||TBA800 |VR ||U714P
     | East Germany |
|MMC4001 |Room ||MMN4027-4 |Room ||TBA800A |VR ||U731D
     | East Germany |
|MMC4002 |Room ||MMN4116-2 |Room ||TBA810AS |VR ||U74HCT0
0DK |GDR |
|MMC40104 |Room ||MMN4116-3 |Room ||TBA810DAS |VR ||U74HCT0
2DK |GDR |
|MMC40107 |Room ||MMN4116-4 |Room ||TBA810DS |VR ||U74HCT0
4DK |GDR |
|MMC4011 |Room ||MMN8080 |Room ||TBA810S |VR ||U74HCT1
38DK |GDR |
|MMC4012 |Room ||MMN80CPU |Room ||TBA820 |VR ||U74HCT2
42DK |GDR |
|MMC4013 |Room ||MMN80CTC |Room ||TBA920 |BP ||U74HCT2
43DK |GDR |
|MMC4014 |Room ||MMN80DMA |Room ||TBA920S |VR ||U74HCT3
73DK |GDR |
|MMC4015 |Room ||MMN80PIO |Room ||TBA940 |Room ||U74HCT3
74DK |GDR |
|MMC4016 |Room ||MMN80SIO |Room ||TBA950 |VR ||U74HCT5
33DK |GDR |
|MMC4017 |Room ||MMN8205 |Room ||TBA950-1 |Room ||U74HCT5
34DK |GDR |
|MMC4018 |Room ||MMN8214 |Room ||TBA950-2 |Room ||U74HCT7
4DK |GDR |
|MMC40181 |Room ||MMN8216 |Room ||TBA970 |BP ||U74HCT8
6DK |GDR |
|MMC4019 |Room ||MMN8224 |Room ||TBA990 |VR ||U8032C
     | East Germany |
|MMC40192 |Room ||MMN8226 |Room ||TCA150T |Room ||U8047PB
     | East Germany |
|MMC40193 |Room ||MMN8228 |Room ||TCA640 |Room ||U8047PG
     | East Germany |
|MMC4020 |Room ||MMN8238 |Room ||TCA650 |Room ||U804D
     | East Germany |
|MMC4021 |Room ||MMN8251 |Room ||TCA660 |Room ||U806D
     | East Germany |
|MMC4022 |Room ||MMN8255 |Room ||TDA1035 |VR ||U807D
     | East Germany |
|MMC4023 |Room ||MMN8257 |Room ||TDA1044 |VR ||U808D
     | East Germany |
|MMC4024 |Room ||MMP01 |Room ||TDA1046 |Room ||U810D
     | East Germany |
|MMC4025 |Room ||MMP02 |Room ||TDA1057-1 |VR ||U8246PB
     | East Germany |
|MMC4027 |Room ||MMP03 |Room ||TDA1057-2 |VR ||U8246PG
     | East Germany |
|MMC4028 |Room ||MMP06 |Room ||TDA1057-3 |VR ||U824G
     | East Germany |
|MMC4029|Room ||MMP102 |Room ||TDA1170 |Room ||U825G
     | East Germany |
|MMC4030 |Room ||MMP106 |Room ||TDA1170S |VR ||U826G
     | East Germany |
|MMC4031 |Room ||MMP107 |Room ||TDA1170SH |VR ||U82720D
     | East Germany |
|MMC4035 |Room ||MMP115 |Room ||TDA1190 |VR ||U8272D
     | East Germany |
|MMC4040 |Room ||MMP116 |Room ||TDA2530 |VR ||U827G
     | East Germany |
|MMC4041 |Room ||MMP117 |Room ||TDA2530 |VR ||U828G
     | East Germany |
|MMC4042 |Room ||MMP119|Room ||TDA440 |VR ||U830G
     | East Germany |
|MMC4043 |Room ||MMP122 |Room ||TDA440N |Room ||U834G
     | East Germany |
|MMC4044 |Room ||MMP124 |Room ||TDA440P |Room ||U8611DC
08-1 |GDR |
|MMC4047 |Room ||MMP131 |Room ||TDA9503 |VR ||U8611DC
08-xx|GDR |
|MMC4048 |Room ||MMP156 |Room ||TMC100 |VR ||UA8001C
     | East Germany |
|MMC4049 |Room ||MMP160 |Room ||TMC200 |VR ||UA8002C
     | East Germany |
|MMC4050 |Room ||MMP190 |Room ||TMC77SPC |VR ||UA8010C
     | East Germany |
|____________|____||____________|____||____________|____||_______
_____|____|
                                                    Continuation t
tables 3. 2
 ____________ ____ ____________ ____ ____________ ____ _______
_____ ____
| | || | || | ||
     | |
| IC Type Country| IC Type Country| IC Type Country| IC type
     Country
|____________|____||____________|____||____________|____||_______
_____|____|
| | || | || | ||
     | |
|UA855D |GDR ||UCY7474N |PR ||UL1202N |PR ||V4007D
     | East Germany |
|UA8563D |GDR ||UCY7475N |PR ||UL1203N |PR ||V40098D
     | East Germany |
|UA856D |GDR ||UCY7476N |PR ||UL1204N |PR ||V4011D
     | East Germany |
|UA857D |GDR ||UCY7483N |PR ||UL1211N |PR ||V4012D
     | East Germany |
|UA858D |GDR ||UCY7485N |PR ||UL1220N |PR ||V4013D
     | East Germany |
|UA880D |GDR ||UCY7486N |PR ||UL1221N |PR ||V4015D
     | East Germany |
|UB855D |GDR ||UCY7490N |PR ||UL1231N |PR ||V4017D
     | East Germany |
|UB8563D |GDR ||UCY7492N |PR ||UL1241N |PR ||V4019D
     | East Germany |
|UB856D |GDR ||UCY7493N |PR ||UL1242N |PR ||V4023D
     | East Germany |
|UB857D |GDR ||UCY7495N |PR ||UL1244N |PR ||V4027D
     | East Germany |
|UB858D |GDR ||UCY74H00N |PR ||UL1245N |PR ||V4028D
     | East Germany |
|UB880D |GDR ||UCY74h20N |PR ||UL1261N |PR ||V4029D
     | East Germany |
|UB8810D |DDR ||UCY74h50N |PR ||UL1262N |PR ||V4030D
     | East Germany |
|UB8811D |GDR ||UCY74H50N |PR ||UL1265P |PR ||V4034D
     | East Germany |
|UB8820D |GDR ||UCY74H53N |OL ||UL1321N |OL ||V4035D
     | East Germany |
|UB8821D |GDR ||UCY74H72N |OL ||UL1351N |OL ||V4042D
     | East Germany |
|UB8830D |DDR ||UCY74H74N |PR ||UL1354N |PR ||V4044D
     | East Germany |
|UB8831D |GDR ||UCY74LS00N |OL ||UL1355N |OL ||V4046D
     | East Germany |
|UB8840M |DDR ||UCY74LS01N |OL ||UL1370N |OL ||V4048D
     | East Germany |
|UB8841M |DDR ||UCY74LS02N |OL ||UL1401P |OL ||V4050D
     | East Germany |
|UB8860M |DDR ||UCY74LS03N |OL ||UL1402P |OL ||V40511D
     | East Germany |
|UB8861M |DDR ||UCY74LS04N |OL ||UL1403P |OL ||V4051D
     | East Germany |
|UC8810D |GDR ||UCY74LS05N |OL ||UL1413G |OL ||V4066D
     | East Germany |
|UC8811D |GDR ||UCY74LS08N |OL ||UL1440T |OL ||V4093D
     | East Germany |
|UC8820M |DDR ||UCY74LS09N |OL ||UL1480P |OL ||V4520D
     | East Germany |
|UC8821M |GDR ||UCY74LS109N |OL ||UL1481P |OL ||V4531D
     | East Germany |
|UC8830D |DDR ||UCY74LS10N |PR ||UL1481T |PR ||V4538D
     | East Germany |
|UC8831D |GDR ||UCY74LS11N |OL ||UL1482K |OL ||V4585D
     | East Germany |
|UC8840D |GDR ||UCY74LS157N |OL ||UL1490N |OL ||ZTC33
     | Room |
|UC8841D |GDR ||UCY74LS158N |OL ||UL1495N |OL ||vA709
     | Room |
|UC8860M |DDR ||UCY74LS15N |OL ||UL1496K |OL ||ATA723
     | Room |
|UC8861M |DDR ||UCY74LS174N |OL ||UL1496R |OL ||ATA726
     | Room |
|UCY7400N |OL ||UCY74LS175N |OL ||UL1497K |OL ||ATA733
     | Room |
|UCY7401N |OL ||UCY74LS20N |OL ||UL1497R |OL ||ATA741
     | Room |
|UCY7402N |OL ||UCY74LS27N |OL ||UL1498K |OL ||ATA741H
     | Room |
|UCY7403N |OL ||UCY74LS32N |OL ||UL1498R |OL ||inA741J
     | Room |
|UCY7404N |OL ||UCY74LS74N |OL ||UL1520L |OL ||ATA741JH
     | Room |
|UCY7406N |OL ||UCY74S00N |OL ||UL1540N |OL ||ATA741JN
     | Room |
|UCY7407N |OL ||UCY74S03N |OL ||UL1550L |OL ||ATA741N
     | Room |
|UCY7408N |OL ||UCY74S10N |OL ||UL1601N |OL ||inA758
     | Room |
|UCY7409N |OL ||UCY74S11N |OL ||UL1609N |OL ||ATA7805
     | Room |
|UCY74107N |PR ||UCY74S132N |PR ||UL1611 |CSFR||inA7812
     | Room |
|UCY7410N |OL ||UCY74S135N |OL ||UL1611N |OL ||ATA7815
     | Room |
|UCY74121N |OL ||UCY74S157N |OL ||UL1621N |OL ||ATAA145
     | Room |
|UCY74123N |OL ||UCY74S158N |OL ||UL1811N |OL ||inE555
     | Room |
|UCY74132N |OL ||UCY74S15N |OL ||UL1901KI |OL ||inE555H
     | Room |
|UCY74145N |OL ||UCY74S20N |OL ||UL1958N |OL ||inE555N
     | Room |
|UCY74150N |OL ||UCY74S22N |OL ||UL1959N |OL ||inE561
     | Room |
|UCY74151N |OL ||UCY74S405N |OL ||UL1970N |OL ||inE565
     | Room |
|UCY74153N |OL ||UCY74S412N |OL ||UL1975N |OL ||in M301A
     | Room |
|UCY74154N |OL ||UCY74S414N |OL ||UL1976N |OL ||in M301AN
     | Room |
|UCY74155N |OL ||UCY74S416N |OL ||UL1980N |OL ||in M305
     | Room |
|UCY74157N |OL ||UCY74S424N |OL ||UL7211D |GDR ||inM317
     | Room |
|UCY74164N |OL ||UCY74S426N |OL ||UL7501N |OL ||in M3189
     | Room |
|UCY74165N |OL ||UCY74S428N |OL ||UL7505L |OL ||in M323
     | Room |
|UCY7416N |OL ||UCY74S438N |OL ||UL7506G |OL ||in M324
     | Room |
|UCY74174N |OL ||UCY74S482N |OL ||UL7506L |OL ||in M339II
     | Room |
|UCY74175N |OL ||UCY74S483N |OL ||UL7508G |OL ||in M381
     | Room |
|UCY7417N |OL ||UCY74S486N |OL ||UL7508L |OL ||in M382
     | Room |
|UCY74180N |OL ||UCY74S487N |OL ||UL7512L |OL ||in M387
     | Room |
|UCY74181N |OL ||UCY75107N |OL ||UL7515G |OL ||in M3900A
     | Room |
|UCY74182N |OL ||UCY75108N |OL ||UL7515L |OL ||in M3900B
     | Room |
|UCY74192N |OL ||UCY75110N |OL ||UL7518G |OL ||in SM230
     | Room |
|UCY74193N |OL ||UCY75450N |OL ||UL7518L |OL ||mA3065P
C |BP |
|UCY74194N |OL ||UCY75451N |OL ||UL7523N |OL ||mA3089P
C |BP |
|UCY74198N |OL ||UCY75452N |OL ||UL7524G |OL ||mA556PC
     | BP |
|UCY7420N |OL ||UD8810D |GDR ||UL7524L |OL ||mA709PC
     | BP |
|UCY7430N |OL ||UD8811D |GDR ||UL75N05L |OL ||mA710PC
     | BP |
|UCY7437N |OL ||UD8820M |GDR ||UL75P05L |OL ||mA723PC
     | BP |
|UCY7438N |OL ||UD8821M |GDR ||ULA1000L |OL ||mA733PC
     | BP |
|UCY7440N |OL ||UD8830D |DDR ||ULA6102N |OL ||mA739PC
     | BP |
|UCY7442N |OL ||UD8831D |GDR ||ULA6111N |OL ||mA741PC
     | BP |
|UCY7447N |OL ||UD8840M |GDR ||ULY7701N |OL ||mA747PC
     | BP |
|UCY7450N |OL ||UD8841M |GDR ||ULY7710N |OL ||mA748PC
     | BP |
|UCY7451N |OL ||UD8860M |GDR ||ULY7710NA |OL ||mA749PC
     | BP |
|UCY7453N |OL ||UD8861M |GDR ||ULY7711N |OL ||mA758PC
     | BP |
|UCY74547N |OL ||UL1000L |OL ||ULY7722N |OL ||mA777PC
     | BP |
|UCY74548N |OL ||UL1042N |OL ||ULY7724N |OL ||mA7805
     | BP |
|UCY74549N |OL ||UL1101N |OL ||ULY7741N |OL ||mA7812K
C |BP |
|UCY7454N |OL ||UL1102N |OL ||ULY7747N |OL ||mA7812U
C |BP |
|UCY7460N |OL ||UL1111N |OL ||ULY7855N |OL ||mA7815K
C |BP |
|UCY7472N |OL ||UL1121N |OL ||UP7211D |GDR ||mA7815U
C |BP |
|UCY7473N |OL ||UL1200N |OL ||V4001D |GDR ||mA7824K
C |BP |
|____________|____||____________|____||____________|____||_______
_____|____|
                                                    Continuation t
tables 3. 2
 ____________ ____ ____________ ____ ____________ ____ _______
_____ ____
| | || | || | ||
     | |
| IC Type Country| IC Type Country| IC Type Country| IC type
     Country
|____________|____||____________|____||____________|____||_______
_____|____|
| | || | || | ||
     | |
|mA7824UC |VR ||CM14029R |RB ||SM7708 |RB ||SM8501
     | RB |
|mA7905 |VR ||SM14511R |RB ||SM7716 |RB ||SM8501-
1 |RB |
|mA7912UC |VR ||SM3006 |RB ||SM7720 |RB ||SM8501-
2 |RB |
|mA7915UC |VR ||SM3020 |RB ||SM7732 |RB ||SM8501-
3 |RB |
|mA7924UC |VR ||SM601 |RB ||SM7800 |RB ||SM8501-
4 |RB |
|mA796UC |VR ||SM601R |RB ||SM7804 |RB ||SM8514-
20 |RB |
|BMK3 |RB ||SM602 |RB ||SM7832 |RB ||SM8514-
30 |RB |
|BMK5 |RB ||SM603R |RB ||SM7832L |RB ||SM8514-
45 |RB |
|BMK7 |RB ||SM604 |RB ||SM7832N |RB ||SP01A
     | RB |
|GS01V |RB ||SM604R |RB ||SM7864R |RB ||TSh01V
     | RB |
|GS02V |RB ||SM605 |RB ||SM7864RL |RB ||TSh02A
     | RB |
|GS03V |RB ||SM605R |RB ||SM7864RN |RB ||US03V
     | RB |
|GS05A |RB ||SM606 |RB ||SM8001 |RB ||US04V
     | RB |
|GS06A |RB ||SM607 |RB ||SM8002 |RB ||US05V
     | RB |
|GS07A |RB ||SM608 |RB ||SM801 |RB ||US06V
     | RB |
|GS08A |RB ||SM609|RB ||SM8102A |RB ||US08V
     | RB |
|GS09A |RB ||SM610 |RB ||SM8102A-2 |RB ||US09V
     | RB |
|GS10A |RB ||SM621 |RB ||SM8102A-4 |RB ||US10A
     | RB |
|GS11A |RB ||SM622 |RB ||SM8102A-6 |RB ||US11A
     | RB |
|GS12A |RB ||SM630 |RB ||SM8104 |RB ||US12A
     | RB |
|GS13A |RB ||SM631 |RB ||SM8104-2 |RB ||US13A
     | RB |
|DCH01A |RB ||SM632 |RB ||SM8104-3 |RB ||US14A
     | RB |
|DCH02A |RB ||SM633 |RB ||SM8104-4 |RB ||US15A
     | RB |
|KT02A |RB ||SM650 |RB ||SM8104-6 |RB ||US16A
     | RB |
|MF01V |RB ||SM674 |RB ||SM8108 |RB ||US18A
     | RB |
|MF02A |RB ||SM7200 |RB ||SM8114 |RB ||FN01V
     | RB |
|PD01V |RB ||SM7300 |RB ||SM8116-1 |RB ||FN02V
     | RB |
|PD02V |RB ||SM7400 |RB ||SM8116-2 |RB ||FN03A
     | RB |
|SM14001R |RB ||SM7508 |RB ||SM8116-3 |RB ||FN04A
     | RB |
|CM14007R |RB ||CM751R |RB ||CM8116-4 |RB ||TsAP-10R
X | RB |
|SM14011R |RB ||SM757 |RB ||SM8164-1 |RB ||_______
_____|____|
|CM14013R |RB ||CM758-1 |RB ||CM8164-2 |RB |
|CM14027R |RB ||CM758-2 |RB ||CM8164-3 |RB |
|____________|____||____________|____||____________|____|

Intel 8008

4004ˤΥץåȤȡ8008Ȥʤޤ8 bitޥץåǤ͡Intelˤޤȡ1972ǯ41ȯɽ10 ump-MOSץ3500ĤΥȥ?ѤȤʤäƤޤɸʤǤϥåȿ500 kHz8 bitβø̿μ¹Ի֤20 usǤ800 kHzåư8008-1Ȥ֤ι®ȯɽƤޤ80084004Ƴȯ줿ΤǤϤޤ4004γȯǡ8008γȯץȤΩ夬äƤޤκݤ4004߷׼Ԥȴ8008γȯˤ餻ޤΤᡢ4004μΥץåȤꡢ4004ƱλʤȤ߷פˤʤäƤޤ߷׼Ԥ̤ʾ塢4004ܵҤˤɤΤ褦ɾ뤫狼ʤ֤̤θܵҤ꤬äǡüLSIȤƳȯϤޤäᡢΤ4004ȻƤȤ¿ޤ

SiemensҤι®8008ǤSAB8008-1CȡɥVEB Kombinat RobotronҤ8008öåפU808D

̤Λˡǡ ᥿ ѥ? ǡ τǡintelҥ ʤʤʤ ˤʤ ޤˤ8008ʸޤ͡> intelҥ 饤 ޤ ޤ ޤ ᥿? ƥʤ äƥʤτǡυ ܥ ǥ?ѥ️ 褦 º ϥ³ƥ ޤ

400416ԥäτf800818ԥԥäƥ ޤ4004 ʊɸūѥʊɸūѥäƥ ޤ18 ԥɸūȵ˻ פ ū ū ե ե ߥ ǥttl ե ǥϡ14ԥ16ԥѥѥɸǥ ᤿ cmosvelop ե ʊǥ intelҥμʤǥ1103ʥ ߥ ؤɲ ǿ¤ˤǥȼ ơ ơ80081818
줬ԥƤǤ

Vdd 1 18 INT
D7 2 17 READY
D6 3 16 CLK1
D5 4 15 CLK2
D4 5 14 SYNC
D3 6 13 S0
D2 7 12 S1
D1 8 11 S2
D0910 Vcc

ɥ쥹֤16 KByteǡ14ܤΥɥ쥹饤ɬפʤϤǤ18ԥ?Ϥ4004ΤȤƱ褦ˡ8ܤΥʬ䤷ƥɥ쥹̡ɥ쥹̡̿ǡžȡ֤˹ԤäƤޤΤۤ̿μ¹ԥơȤɬפǡ쥸βøξˤ10å?ޤäơ500 kHzåǤβø̿¹Ի֤Ϻû20 usȤʤ櫓Ǥʤ̿ʤɤξǤ22åɬפ̿᤬ޤä̿3 Byte̿ˤʤäƤΤǤ3 Byte֤ɤ߹िӤ˥ɥ쥹̡ɥ쥹̡̿ɤ߹ߤȤ??֤Τǡ22åɬפȤʤΤǤɸŪʾʥѥå˲Ǥ͡
S0 — S2ϥơǡCLK1, CLK2, Syncυ ߥ? ȥ 碌 ơcpu?τϩƿꤷƥʤƥϥʤ ޤ? ȥ 쥹d0 — d7˽fƥ 뤫 鳰 쥹 쥹 ϥꥢѥǻd0 — d7˽fƥǡ?˽?ȥ٤ƴϩǥ ߥ? ƥʤƥϥʤ ޤ? ޤ? 㤤㤤 ttl icǥϩτѥǡ10ĥ20ĥǥ ─ ̣⽸٤㤫äLSI⤢Ǥ顢餷ԥ塼ˤϥȤμղϩ─ǹ碌60Ĥ100ĤICȤ ṹ碌뤳Ȥˤʤ䤤Ǥ8008ȤʤꤺäȳڤȤ櫓Ǥ
Ready٤ȥ٤ȥ ߥ? ˻ȥǡint ǥint8008fȡ8080ʊͤ˳ ߱1̿ɤ߹ ǥ¹ԥ ޤ rSt̿call̿ɤ ߹ ޤ ߥ 롼 ƥӽ ƥӽ ߤˤʤ ߤˤʤ ߤˤʤ ޤ ơʤɤβɤˤäƹfǥɤυ ߥ? rst̿hϳhϳf 褤 ⡢ ޤ
ʤVcc+5 VVdd-9 VˤƻȤޤԥ֤狼褦ˡGNDԥ?ʤȤ˵ĤƤ8008p-MOSץ¤줿ICǤꡢp-MOS ICTTL³ȤȤơGNDԥ+5 VˤƥեȤ뤳ȤˤäTTLȥ?եƤޤΤ褦ˤƻȤϥåɥ٥1 — 2 Vնˤʤ뤷ϤH٥3 V٤ˤʤΤǡTTL٥˰פޤϤL٥-1 Vʲˤʤ礬Τǡʥԡ?⤤Τǥץɤ0 V˥פƤ ⹽ʤˡTTLȤƤ⥯ץɤ¢ƤʤϤåå̤ξMOSϤ³ȡ˲ǽ֤
4004ϻǹ⥯750 khzư1̿̿10. 8 usưτf8008500 khzå20 us̿ ᥵ˤʤ 뤿 뤿 츫 ǽ ʤäƥ 褦 ޤ ޤ8 bitñ̤α 黻5 — 8 bitñ̤ɽʸǡǥ4004ͭˤʤ ޤ4004ǥromɽʸɤλ ޤ4004ʤɤ ӥ ӥ ϥ⤦ʣʥǡ˻ȥ ȥ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ ȥτ imes

쥸ϡϤ4004ȻƤơʤǤ

4004Ǥ4 bit16ĤΥåѥåɥ쥸strong 8008Ǥ8
ȡH쥸L쥸ڥˤ16 bitHL쥸Ƥꥢɥ쥹ȤƲᤷơHL쥸λؤ̿ǻȤ뤳ȤǤޤĤޤHL쥸δܻ(HL)M쥸Ȥۥ쥸ؤλȤΤ褦˰̿ηϤˤʤäƤޤ쥸åȤϡճʤۤ8080ȻƤȻפޤBC, DE, HLȥڥˤƤʤΤϡڥǰ̿᤬M쥸Ȱʳ¸ߤʤǤ16 bitΥ쥸ɤø?ȤȤäǤޤ?Ǥ顢M 쥸ȤȤƤ⡢256 Bytestr褦ʥϤؤƤǤȤ8008ΤʤƤ⡢8080Z80¸¿Ǥ礦8080Z80ǻȤƤ쥸̾դϡ8008ʤäƤȤ狼Uncle

̿᥻å
̿ɽʲ˼strɤˤĤƤɽθˤ expansive

̿ᥳ ֥ɽ clock ̣
11 ddd sss MOV rm, r 10/14 move
11 ddd 111 MOV r, M 16 move from M register
00 ddd 110 MVI rm, imm 16/18 move immediate
00 ddd 000 INR rx 10 increment register
00 ddd 001 DCR rx 10 decrement register
10,000 sss ADD rm 10/16 add
10 001 sss ADC rm 10/16 add with carry
10 010 sss SUB rm 10/16 subtract
10 011 sss SBB rm 10/16 subtract with carry (borrow)
10 100 sss ANA rm 10/16 and
10 101 sss XRA rm 10/16 exclusive or
10 110 sss ORA rm 10/16 or
10 111 sss CMP rm 10/16 compare
00 000 100 ADI imm 16 add immediate
00 001 100 ACI imm 16 add immediate with carry
00 010 100 SUI imm 16 subtract immediate
00 011 100 SBI imm 16 subtract immediate with carry
00 100 100 ANI imm 16 and immediate
00 101 100 XRI imm 16 exclusive or immediate
00 110 100 ORI imm 16 or immedeate
00 111 100 CPI imm 16 compare immediate
01 xxx 100 JMP addr 22 jump
01 000 000 JNC addr 18/22 jump if carry reset
01 001 000 JNZ addr 18/22 jump if not zero
01 010 000 JP addr 18/22 jump if plus
01 011 000 JPO addr 18/22 jump if parity odd
01 100 000 JC addr 18/22 jump if carry set
01 101 000 JZ addr 18/22 jump if zero
01 110 000 JM addr 18/22 jump if minus
01 111 000 JPE addr 18/22 jump if parity even
01 xxx 110 CALL addr 22 call subroutine
01 000 010 CNC addr 18/22 call subroutine if carry reset
01 001 010 CNZ addr 18/22 call subroutine if not zero
01 010 010 CP addr 18/22 call subroutine if plus
01 011 010 CPO addr 18/22 call subroutine if parity odd
01 100 010 CC addr 18/22 call subroutine if carry set
01 101 010 CZ addr 18/22 call subroutine if zero
01 110 010 CM addr 18/22 call subroutine if minus
01 111 010 CPE addr 18/22 call subroutine if parity even
00 vvv 101 RST vec 10 restart (1 Byte subroutine call inst. )
01 00m mm1 IN inport 16 input A from I/O port
01 rrm mm1 OUT outport 12 output A to I/O port
00 000 00x HLT 8 stop and wait for interrupt
11 111 111 HLT
00 000 010 RLC 10 rotate left
00 001 010 RRC 10 rotate right
00 010 010 RAL 10 rotate left through carry
00 011 010 RAR 10 rotate right through carry
00 xxx 111 RET 10 return from subroutine
00 000 011 RNC 6/10 return from subroutine if carry reset
00 001 011 RNZ 6/10 return from subroutine if not zero
00 010 011 RP 6/10 return from subroutine if plus
00 011 011 RPO 6/10 return from subroutine if parity odd
00 100 011 RC 6/10 return from subroutine if carry set
00 101 011 RZ 6/10 return from subroutine if zero
00 110 011 RM 6/10 return from subroutine if minus
00 111 011 RPE 6/10 return from subroutine if parity even

̿ᥳɤ xȥӥȥӥȥӥ0/1τɤǥ⤫ ޤʤ dddϥǥƥ͡ ?͡SSSϥ 쥸vvvϥꥹȥ٥ȥɽ͡07 ֥ɽ0, 8, 10h, 18h, 20h, 28h, 30h, 38hτ ˸ƥӽ ˸ƥӽ 쥹 vecɽτ⤢ˡmmi/o ݡ ?ͤ ?ͤut̿ˤĥƥϥrr1, 2, 3τ 줫 ͤ?ƥϥƥɥ 쥹rr0ˤ
clock̿¹ԤɬפʥåڥɤrmȻΤΤc1/c2ɽƤơºgrrꤵ줿Ȥc1åMꤵ줿Ȥˤc2å Ḥ롣Ʊ̿ξ硢郎ΩʤäȤc1åΩȤc2åᥤ롣
֥ɽΥڥǡʸǽ ᤫƤΤˤĤ enlarged expanded A, B, C, D, E, H, LΤ줫rmA, B, C, D, E, H, L, MΤ줫rxB, C, D, E, H, LΤ줫 and holy imm8 bitǡaddr14 bitɥ 쥹ɽ͡ʥǤϾ2 bit0ͤ᤿16 bitǳǼˡvec, inport, outportˤĤƤ˿줿Ȥꡣ
쥸̾̿ᥳɾǥ쥸ɽͤȤϼɽ̤ꡣ

쥸̾ ddd/sss r rm rx
    A 000 * *
    B 001 * * *
    C 010 * * *
    D 011 * * *
    E 100 * * *
    H 101 * * *
    L 110 * * *
    M 111*

Ölh쥸r, rm, rx˴ Östrong*

̿ˡ˥åȥӥåȥѥȤδط狼äΤǡ֥ե֥?ޤ͡ե饰Ѳ8080Ʊ黻Ϥ̿ǤΤѲMOV̿ǤѲʤȤͤʤĤǤ˾̿ᤫ狼褦Carry, Sign, Zero, Parity¸ߤ뤳Ȥͤơˡߥ졼ǤǤ礦åǺܤƤΤǡ»֤Ǥɤ줯餤μ¹Ի֤ɬפˤʤ뤫׻Ǥޤ͡䤬8008Υߥ졼Cǽ?ơåȿ20 MHz386ޥǼ¹ԤȤǤ˼ʪ⥷䥥졼BD餤®äunk졼Ϥɤ餫ȤȥǥåѤǡ̿¹ԥåη׻Ȥand졼Υᥤ롼פǥȥ졼⡼ɥåȤ®äθʤäΤˡʪ®æϤpli˥ѥƥȽɽԤäƤpli 9003

???

10 MEMCPY: MOV H, B
10 MOV L, C ; BC쥸HL쥸
16 MOV B, M ; ZǡB
10 INR L ; žɥ쥹Υgua
18/22 JNZ MC1
10 INR H
10 MC1: MOV C, L ; BC쥸HLᤷ
10 MOV L, E ; HLDE쥸 increasedԡΤɡ
10 MOV E, B ; Bž٤ǡäƤΤǡ
10 MOV B, H ; LƤ enlarged
10 MOV H, D ; E쥸žꤷơ狼ˤ
14 MOV M, E ; ԡ˽
10 INR L ; ž襢ɥ쥹Υ
18/22 JNZ MC2
10 INR H
10 MC2: MOV D, H
10 MOV E, L
16 SUI 1 ; žλȽDCR AϻȤʤ
18/22 JNZ MEMCPY
10 RET

껲ȤǤ餷쥸ǺѤޤ褦ˤᡢ狼ˤʤäƤޤޤʴˤʤޤüåǡɡ롼פκû256 BytežžޤʤäʤΤǡ222åɬפʤȤ狼ޤ1 ByteΥԡ400 usʾɬפǡ100 ByteΥԡ?44 ms⤫äƤޤޤΥޥץå1ܤ餤٤Ȥ狼Ǥ礦Ȥ80ʸ25ԤCRTʸüɽ?եȥǥ륢åפȡ2000 ByteΥԡɬפˤʤΤǡ1ä餤ɬפˤʤ׻Ǥʼºݤˤ256 Byte¿ž?äڤ˹ԤȤȡ?쥸ݻǤʤΤǡɬפȤʤäơ٤ʤäƤޤˡ
ʤƱͤΥžץ8080ǺȡΤ褦ˤʤ

 7 MEMCPY: MOV A, M
 7 STAX DE
 5 INX H
 5 INX D
 5 DCX B
 5 MOV A, B ; DCXǤϥե饰ѲʤΤBC0ƥ
 4 ORA C
10 JNZ MEMCPY
10 RET

žɥ쥹HL쥸ڥˡž襢ɥ쥹DE쥸ڥˡžȿBC쥸ڥäƤΤȤޤޤΥ롼Ǥ256 ByteʾžǽˤʤäƤޤ롼1ɬפʥå48åǡ80802 MHzåư뤳Ȥͤȡ24 us1 BytežǤĤޤꡢΤ褦ʥץǤ80088080˥ץܿ뤳Ȥǡ20ܤ餤ι®ǽǤʤ50 ms2000ʸΥեȥ뤬ǽǤ顢1ô֤20ԤΥ뤬ǤŪʸüǽǤ͡
ʤ8008Υɤ?Τޤ8080Υ֥ǥ֥뤷Ƽ¹Ԥ뤳Ȥǽǡξϥ롼1λ֤53 usˤʤޤĤޤꡢǤ10ܤι®Ǥ顢βǤ뤳ȤϳΤǤȤϤ8008Υɤ27 Byte8080ǽľɤ11 ByteȡΨ⤺äɤʤäƤޤ80801 ByteΥñ100ߤ餤Ȥͤȡ16 ByteǤ1600ߤΥȥˡץ?䤹ƥʥޤäƤޤ顢Ϥ8008ϸŪޥץåǤäȤ狼ˤʤǤ礦줬˥֥åžѤ̿Z80 CPU8086ʤ?Ǥɤʤ뤫ͤƤߤΤ⡢ΥޥץåǽİΩĤ⤷ޤ

̿ɽץ㤫顢ˡ˥åΰ̣8080AΥ֥Ʊǡɥ٥8080AΥ֥줬̸ߴΩˤ뤳Ȥ狼ȻפޤINR AȤDCR MǤʤȤDADLXIINXʤɤǤʤȤϤޤ⡢ץˤϽƤޤǤSTA/LDASHLD/LHLDǤʤΤݤ⤷ޤ͡Υɥ쥹Υ˥쥸ƤǼˤϡΥɥ쥹ɬHL쥸ڥˡ8 bit̡ˡ˥ɤƤMOV M, rȤ̿¹ԤʤƤϤʤޤ8080ǤϤ˥å̿᤬Ƥ뤳ȤͤȡץåΥå®ʾ̿᥻åȤιⵡǽΤۤ80088080ؤǽΩäƤȤΤǤϤʤǤ礦ץ㤫狼褦ˡäûץǥ르ꥺɽǤ褦ˤʤäƤΤǤ顣
: 嵭γɤεҤʤ¿Ϥäơ8008եͤguarantee.

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Radio components of the GDR (reference book) | hardware

Universal Low Noise Tape Recorder/Playback Path

demodulator

cameras

bus buffer chip

Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Analogue
20109	DO 7		Germanium diode (pair) 40V 15 mA
2GA113	DO 7		Germanium diode (pair) 25V 30 mA
2OA646	DO 7		Germanium diode (pair) 40V 15 mA
4GA114	DO 7		Germanium diode (4 pcs.) 25V 30 mA
7212			Hybrid Broadband Antenna Amplifier IC
A109D	DIL 14		Universal Operational Amplifier	PDF: 298K	µA709
A110D	DIL 14		Comparator with TTL 9 output0011	PDF: 982K	SN72710N
A1524D	DIL 18		Stereo volume control	PDF: 572K	TDA1524
A1670V	Multiwatt 15		ULF 30 W	PDF: 309K	TDA1670A
A1818D	DIL 20			PDF: 355K	LM1818
A2000V	Multiwatt 11		Two-channel ULF 2×5 W	PDF: 476K	TDA4925
A2005V	Multiwatt 11		Two-channel ULF 2×20 W	PDF: 476K	TDA2005
A2014DC	DIL 8		Video switch		TEA2014
A202D	DIL 16		Recording, microphone and playback amplifier	PDF: 137K	TDA1002
A203	DIL 12		ULF 3W
A2030H, A2030V	TO 220-5		ULF 16 W	PDF: 325K	TDA2030
A204	DIL 12		Vertical Amplifier 5 W	PDF: 18K
A205	DIL 12		ULF 5W	PDF: 757K
A208	DIL 12		ULF 3W	PDF: 603K
A209	DIL 12		Vertical Amplifier 4. 5 W	PDF: 226K
A210E	DIL 12		ULF 6 W without heatsink	PDF: 139K	TBA810AS
A210K	DIL 12		ULF 6 W with heatsink	PDF: 139K	TBA810S
A211D	DIL 14		ULF 1W	PDF: 988K	TAA611
A220D	DIL 14		IF 0 .. 12 MHz	PDF: 2.7M	TBA120S
Type	Housing	Tag	Description	Datasheet	Similar
A223D	DIL 14		IF, demodulator, volume control	PDF: 1.5M	TBA120U
A224D	DIL 14		FM amplifier for ceramic filter operation, demodulator	PDF: 938K	TBA120T
A225D	DIL 18		FM IF and	PDF: 417K	TDA1047
A230D	DIL 16		Color Converter Amplifier RY/BY -> RGB	PDF: 403K
A231D	DIL 16		Color Converter Amplifier RY/BY -> RGB	PDF: 409K	(TBA530)
A232D	DIL 16		RGB matrix	PDF: 587K	TDA2532
A240D	DIL 14		Video amplifier for B&W and color TV	PDF: 387K	TDA440
A241D	DIL 16		Video amplifier and demodulator with AGC for B/W and color TV	PDF: 144K	TDA2541
A244D	DIL 16		Receiver AM	PDF: 201K	TCA440
A250D	DIL 14		Video processing circuit	PDF: 433K	TBA950
A252	DIL 14		Horizontal Timing Circuit	PDF: 418K
A255D	DIL 16		Horizontal synchronization circuit	PDF: 427K	TDA2593
A270D	DIL 16		Video Amplifier	PDF: 499K	TBA970
A273D	DIL 16		Volume and stereo balance control	PDF: 111K	TCA730
A274D	DIL 16		Stereo treble and bass tone control	PDF: 99K	TCA740
A277D	DIL 18		LED driver for forming a level indication strip with 12 LEDs	PDF: 569K	(UAA180)
A281D	DIL 14		Receiver AM-FM-CB	PDF: 1. 8M	TAA981
A283D	DIL 16		Single-chip AM/FM receiver	PDF: 263K	TDA1083
A290D	DIL 14		FM stereo decoder with PLL		MC1310P
A295D	DIL 14		SECAM color channel switch	PDF: 119K
A301D	DIL 14		Proximity switch	PDF: 844K	(TCA205A)
A301W	DIL 8	(301)	Proximity switch	PDF: 844K	(TCA205A)
A302D	DIL 4		Threshold key	PDF: 585K	TCA345A
A3048DC	DIL 16		Infrared receiver		TDA3048
A311D	DIL 18		Camera Controller	PDF: 43K
Type	Housing	Tag	Description	Datasheet	Similar
A321G	PLCC 48		Camera Controller	PDF: 766k
A3501D	DIL 28		PAL/SECAM decoder	PDF: 340K	TDA3501
A3510D	DIL 24		PAL decoder	PDF: 262K	TDA3510, MCA3510
A3520D	DIL 28		SECAM decoder	PDF: 288K	TDA3520, K174XA16 [1, 2]
A4100D	DIL 22		AM/FM receiver		TDA4100
A4510D	DIL 18		PLL stereo decoder	PDF: 309K	TCA4510
A4511D	DIL 18		PLL stereo decoder	PDF: 328K	TCA4511
A4555D	DIL 28		Multi-system decoder (PAL, SECAM, NTSC 3. 58 MHz and NTSC 4.43 MHz)		TDA4555
A4565D	DIL 18		Scheme of signal propagation and delay in the color decoding path		TDA4565
A4580D	DIL 28		Color Converter Amplifier RY/BY -> RGB		TDA4580
A902D	DIL 4		Schmitt trigger for	PDF: 186K
A910	DIL 14		Camera Controller
B060D	DIL 8	060 / 60.	BIFET Low Power Operational Amplifier	PDF: 184K	TL060
B061D	DIL 8		BIFET Low Power Operational Amplifier	PDF: 184K	TL061
B062D	DIL 8		BIFET Low Power Operational Amplifier	PDF: 184K	TL062
B064D	DIL 14		BIFET Low Power Operational Amplifier	PDF: 184K	TL064
B066D	DIL 8		BIFET Low Power Operational Amplifier	PDF: 184K	TL066
B080D	DIL 8		Operational amplifier with JFET inputs	PDF: 107K	TL080
B082D	DIL 8		Operational amplifier with JFET inputs	PDF: 107K	TL082
B083D	DIL 14		Operational amplifier with JFET inputs	PDF: 107K	TL083
B084D	DIL 14		Operational amplifier with JFET inputs	PDF: 107K	TL084
B109D	DIL 14		Universal Operational Amplifier	PDF: 298K	µA709
B110D	DIL 14		Comparator with TTL output	PDF: 982K	SN72710N
B125/110-20	Metal		Single phase rectifier bridge (silicon diodes) 125V 20A	PDF: 520K
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar
B165	TO 220-5		Powerful op-amp 20 W	PDF: 125K	L165
B176D	DIL 8	176	Programmable Operational Amplifier	PDF: 83K	µA776
B177D	DIL 14		Programmable Operational Amplifier	PDF: 83K	µA177
B20/15-20	Metall		Single phase rectifier bridge (silicon diodes) 20V 20A	PDF: 520K
B222D	DIL 14		Double push-pull mixer	PDF: 128K
B250/220-20	Metall		Single phase rectifier bridge (silicon diodes) 250V 20A	PDF: 520K
B2600DG	DIL 18		Switching power supply controller chip
B260D	DIL 16		Switching power supply controller IC (with bipolar output stage)	PDF: 432K	TDA1060
B2761D	DIL 8	2761	Open Collector Output Operational Amplifier	PDF: 499K	TAA2761A
B2765D	DIL 8	2765	Operational amplifier with open collector output	PDF: 499K	TAA2765A
B2765S	DIL 8		Operational amplifier with open collector output
B2960VG	Multiwatt-15		Switching power supply controller chip	PDF: 557K	L296
B303D	DIL 14		Proximity switch	PDF: 1. 4M	(TCA205A)
B3040DA	DIL 28		Driver sensor for board testers	PDF: 381K
B304D	DIL 14		Proximity switch	PDF: 1.4M	(TCA205A)
B305D	DIL 14		Proximity switch	PDF: 1.4M	(TCA205A)
B306D	DIL 8	306	Proximity switch	PDF: 1.4M	(TCA205A)
B308D	DIL 14		ULF for telephones	PDF: 242K	(TBA830)
B315D	DIL 14		Power Transistor Assembly		Q2T2222
B315E	DIL 12		Power Transistor Assembly		Q2T2222
B315K	DIL 12		Power Transistor Assembly		Q2T2222
B3170V	TO 220-3		Linear Adjustable Positive Voltage Regulator	PDF: 1. 4M	LM317T
B3171V	TO 220-3		Linear Adjustable Positive Voltage Regulator	PDF: 1.4M	LM317HV
B318D	DIL 14		ULF for telephones	PDF: 242K	(TBA830)
B325D	DIL 14		Power Transistor Assembly		Q2T2222
Type	Housing	Tag	Description	Datasheet	Similar
B325E	DIL 12		Power Transistor Assembly		Q2T2222
B325K	DIL 12		Power Transistor Assembly		Q2T2222
B331G	DIL 14		Dynamic Compression Hearing Aid Amplifier	PDF: 67K	WC501G
B3370V	TO 220-3		Linear Adjustable Negative Voltage Regulator	PDF: 1. 4M	LM337T
B3371V	TO 220-3		Linear Regulated Negative Voltage Regulator	PDF: 1.4M	LM337HV
B340D	DIL 14		Transistor assembly	PDF: 106K
B340S	SO 14	340 / B34*	Transistor assembly
B341D	DIL 14		Transistor assembly	PDF: 106K
B341D	DIL 14		Transistor assembly
B342D	DIL 14		Transistor assembly	PDF: 106K
B342D	DIL 14		Transistor assembly
B360D	DIL 14		Power Transistor Assembly		TPQ2222
B360E	DIL 12		Power Transistor Assembly		TPQ2222
B360K	DIL 12		Power Transistor Assembly		TPQ2222
B3718VC	Multiwatt-15		Stepper motor driver		TEA3718
B380D	DIL 14		Pack of 4 bipolar transistors		TPQ2221
B380E	DIL 12		Pack of 4 bipolar transistors		TPQ2221
B380K	DIL 12		Assembly of 4 bipolar transistors		TPQ2221
B384D	DIL 20		Power circuit (telephone)
B385D	DIL 16		Line test circuit (telephone)
B386D	DIL20		Feed pattern (telephone)
B3870D	DIL 28		Analog processor for subscriber connection (telephone)
B390D	DIL 18		Miniature DC motor controller
B391D	DIL 18		Motor processor for cassette drives	PDF: 437K
B3925DD	DIL 20		Motor processor for floppy drives
Type	Body	Label	Description	Datasheet	Analog
B40/35-20	Metall		Single phase rectifier bridge (silicon diodes) 40V 20A	PDF: 520K
B4002D	DIL 16		Driver for fast switching transistors	PDF: 641K	UAA4002DP
B411DD	DIL 8		BiFET Precision Operational Amplifier		LF411
B4206D	DIL 16		Current controlled speed controller	PDF: 858K
B4207D	DIL 18		Speed controller with tachometer	PDF: 1. 1M
B4211D	DIL 18		Speed controller with tachometer, phase control (rotation angle		U211
B451G	SIL 4		Magnetoresistive (proximity) switch (Hall effect)	PDF: 306K	SAS251
B452G	SIL 4		Magnetoresistive (proximity) switch (Hall effect)	PDF: 306K	SAS251S4
B453G	SIL 4		Magnetoresistive (proximity) switch (Hall effect)	PDF: 306K	SAS251S5
B460G	SIL 4		Hall sensor with analog output	PDF: 270K
B461G	SIL 4	B61	Proximity switch (Hall effect)	PDF: 986K	SAS261S4
B462G	SIL 4	B62	Proximity switch (Hall effect)	PDF: 986K	SAS261
B466GA	SIL 4		Hall sensor for automotive ignition systems	PDF: 325K
B467G	SIL 4		Linear Hall sensor
B4761D	DIL 14		Operational amplifier with open collector output	PDF: 499K	TAA4761A
B4765D	DIL 14		Operational amplifier with open collector output	PDF: 499K	TAA4765A
B511N	TO 92-2		Temperature sensor 1 µA/K	PDF: 111K	(AD590)
B555D	DIL 8		Timer with 200 mA output	PDF: 222K	LM555CN
B556D	DIL 14		Timer with 200 mA output (2 channels)	PDF: 222K	LM556CN
B589N	TO 92-2		Reference voltage generator 1. 235 V	PDF: 116K	AD589
B611D	DIL 6	611	Operational amplifier with open collector output	PDF: 499K	TCA311A
B615D	DIL 6	615	Operational amplifier with open collector output	PDF: 499K	TCA315A
B621D	DIL 6	621	Operational amplifier with open collector output	PDF: 499K	TCA321A
B625D	DIL 6	625	Operational amplifier with open collector output	PDF: 499K	TCA325A
B631D	DIL 6	631	Operational amplifier with open collector output	PDF: 499K	TCA331A
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar
B635D	DIL 6	635	Operational amplifier with open collector output	PDF: 499K	TCA335A
B654D	DIL 14		Servo bridge driver	PDF: 94K	SN2865
B721D	DIL 18		4-channel precision current source	PDF: 256K
B761D	DIL 6	761	Operational amplifier with open collector output	PDF: 499K	TAA761A
B765D	DIL 6	765	Operational amplifier with open collector output	PDF: 499K	TAA765A
B80/70-20	Metall		Single phase rectifier bridge (silicon diodes) 80V 20A	PDF: 520K
B861D	DIL 6	861	Operational amplifier with open collector output	PDF: 499K	TAA861A
B865D	DIL 6	865	Operational amplifier with open collector output	PDF: 499K	TAA865A
BSY34	TO 39		Si-transistor NPN 40V 0. 6A 2.6W		BSY34
C500D	DIL 20		Analog processor	PDF: 903K	TL500
C501D	DIL 20		Analog processor	PDF: 903K	TL501
C502D	DIL 20		Digital part of the processor with output to the 7-segment display	PDF: 903K	TL502
C504D	DIL 28		Digital part of the processor with BCD output	PDF: 876K
C520D	DIL 16		3-digit A/D converter with BCD output	PDF: 171K	AD2020
C560C	DIL 16		8-bit Latched DAC	PDF: 264K	AD558
C5650C	DIL 24		10-bit DAC	PDF: 550K
C5658C	DIL 24		8-bit DAC	PDF: 530K
C565C	DIL 24		12-bit DAC	PDF: 550K	AD565
C570C	DIL 18		8-bit ADC	PDF: 768K	AD570
C571C	DIL 18		10-bit ADC	PDF: 768K	AD571
C574C	DIL 28		12-bit ADC with 8-bit data bus	PDF: 535K	AD574JD
C670C	DIL 18		8-bit ADC, tri-state outputs	PDF: 327K	AD673JD
C7136D	DIL 40		3½-digit ADC with LCD output	PDF: 602K	ICL7136
CM8001	DIL 16		RAM 256 x 1	PDF: 181K
D1. ..			TTL standard logic		SN74…
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar
D122			Dual Channel Memory Amplifier	PDF: 274K	SN7522
D123			Two Channel Memory Amplifier	PDF: 274K	SN7522
D2…			High Speed TTL Logic		SN74H…
D345	DIL 16		BCD to 7-segment decoder	PDF: 399K
D346	DIL 16		BCD to 7-segment decoder	PDF: 399K
D347	DIL 16		BCD to 7-segment decoder	PDF: 399K
D348	DIL 16		BCD to 7-segment decoder	PDF: 399K
D351	DIL 14		Divisor counter	PDF: 214K
D355	DIL 18		Timer	PDF: 546K
D356	DIL 18		Timer	PDF: 546K
D394	DIL 18		Bridge driver	PDF: 263K
D395	DIL 18		IC for stepper motor control	PDF: 141K
D410	DIL 14		Three logic elements: 4NAND, 3NAND, 2NAND with one inverted input	PDF: 1M	SAA1029
D461	DIL 14		2 2NAND gates with TTL level conversion — MOS	PDF: 605K	SN75361
D4803	DIL 18		8-channel driver	PDF: 389K	ULN2803
D4813	DIL 18		8-channel driver		ULN2813
D4823	DIL 18		8-channel driver		ULN2823
D491	DIL 14		4 transistor drivers	PDF: 91K
D492	DIL 14		6-channel digital driver	PDF: 144K	SN75492
D4981	DIL 18		8-channel driver		UDN2981
D4983	DIL 18		8-channel driver		UDN2983
D6221	SIP 15		4-channel bipolar driver
D716X	Chip 28		Thermal head control IC	PDF: 596K
D718D	DIL 24		Driver for driving 16 LEDs	PDF: 448K	UAA2022
DA4071			Hybrid, 16-bit DAC	PDF: 572K
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar to
DAC32			Hybrid 10/12-bit DAC
DL. ..			Low Power Schottky TTL		SN74LS…
DL2631	DIL 16		V.11 Digital Amplifier Driver	PDF: 570K	AM26LS31
DL2632	DIL 16		V.11 digital buffer receiver	PDF: 570K	AM26LS32, KR559IP11
DL75113	DIL 16		Line transmitter
DL8121	DIL 20		8-bit comparator	PDF: 286K	AMZ8121
DL8127	DIL 24		System Clock Generator	PDF: 716K	AM8127
DL8136	DIL 20		8-bit decoder		AMZ8136
DL8640	DIL 14		4-bit bus receiver
DL8641	DIL 16		4-bit receiver/bus driver
DS2510	DIL 16		4-bit shift register
DS2610	DIL 16		4-channel receiver and bus transmitter
DS80612	DIL 18		Clock generator
DS8205	DIL 16		Binary decoder 3 bits to 8 outputs	PDF: 225K
DS8212	DIL 24		8-bit memory driver	PDF: 454K
DS8216	DIL 16		4-bit bi-directional bus driver	PDF: 541K
DS8282	DIL 20		8-bit memory bus driver	PDF: 364K
DS8283	DIL 20		8-bit memory bus driver	PDF: 364K
DS8286	DIL 20		8-bit bi-directional bus driver	PDF: 167K
DS8287	DIL 20		8-bit bi-directional bus driver	PDF: 167K
DS8601	DIL 20		DMA chip
DS8609	DIL 40		Serial to Parallel Converter
DS8638	DIL 20		8-bit bi-directional bus driver
E1. ..			TTL standard logic		SN54…
E2…			TTL High Speed Logic		SN54H…
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar
E310	DIL 16		Incandescent lamp control circuit	PDF: 187K
E351	DIL 14		Divisor counter	PDF: 214K
E355	DIL 18		Timer	PDF: 546K
E356	DIL 18		Timer	PDF: 546K
E412	DIL 18		Logic 3-bit driver, tri-state outputs	PDF: 520K
E435	DIL 12		Logic driver	PDF: 394K	PZL135S
FAR. .			LCD indicators
FAR03A	30		8 digits with days of the week
FAR04A	28		8 digits
FAR06A	33		8 digits with exponent
FAR08A	30		8 digits with days of the week
FAR09A	37		3 ½ digits with units
FAR11A	26		3 ½ digits with small seconds
FAR50A			LC multimeter display
FAT..			Transmissive LCDs
FAT02B	48		3¾ digits (hours) with small seconds and days of the week at the bottom
FAT07B	26		3¾ digits (hours)
FAT12B	48		3¾ digits (hours) with small seconds and days of the week at the top
GA100	DO 7		Germanium diode 20V 20mA	PDF: 970K	AA131
GA101	DO 7		Germanium diode 40V 15mA	PDF: 970K	AA119
GA102	DO 7		Germanium diode 60V 12mA	PDF: 970K	AA134
GA103	DO 7		Germanium diode 80V 10mA	PDF: 970K
GA104	DO 7		Germanium diode 110V 10 mA		AA117
GA105	DO 7		Germanium diode 20V 20 mA		AA130
GA106	DO 7		Germanium diode 25V 20 mA
Type	Housing	Mark	Description	Datasheet	Analog
GA107	DO 7		Germanium diode 60V 20 mA
GA108	DO 7		Germanium diode 80V 20 mA
GAY60	DO 7		Germanium diode 20V 75 mA	PDF: 138K
GAY61	DO 7		Germanium diode 20V 100 mA	PDF: 138K	FD4
GAY62	DO 7		Germanium diode 20V 100 mA	PDF: 138K	FD7
GAY63	DO 7		Germanium diode 40V 100 mA	PDF: 138K
GAY64	DO 7		Germanium diode 80V 75 mA	PDF: 138K
GAZ14	DO 7		Germanium diode 25V 20 mA
GAZ15			Germanium diode 25V 20 mA
GAZ16	DO 7		Germanium diode 25V 20 mA
GAZ17	DO 7		Germanium diode 25V 20 mA	PDF: 152K
GC100	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 10V 15 mA 30 mW	PDF: 61K
GC101	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 10V 15 mA 30 mW	PDF: 57K
GC112	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 80V 150 mA	PDF: 65K
GC115	TO-18		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 50 mA
GC116	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 150 mA	PDF: 366K	AC116
GC117	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 150 mA	PDF: 363K	AC150
GC118	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 150 mA	PDF: 363K	AC160
GC120	TO-18		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 150 mA
GC121	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 250 mA	PDF: 373K	AC123
GC122	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 33V 250 mA	PDF: 365K	AC170
GC123	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 66V 250 mA	PDF: 361K	AC170
GC301	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 32V 1A	PDF: 378K	AC131
GD100	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 1. 3A 2W 100kHz	PDF: 113K
GD110	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 1.3A 2W 200kHz	PDF: 126K
Type	Housing	Tag	Description	Datasheet	Similar
GD120	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 33V 1.3A 2W 200kHz	PDF: 113K
GD125	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 66V 1.3A 2W 200kHz	PDF: 126K
GD130	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 66V 1.3A 2W 200kHz	PDF: 123K
GD150	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 3A 5W 200kHz	PDF: 130K
GD160	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 18V 3A 5. 3W	PDF: 262K
GD170	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 30V 3A 5.3W	PDF: 262K	AD162
GD175	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 48V 3A 5.3W	PDF: 263K	AD155
GD180	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 60V 3A 5.3W	PDF: 261K	AD152
GD240	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 25V 3A 10W	PDF: 237K
GD241	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 35V 3A 10W	PDF: 252K	AD138
GD242	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 48V 3A 10W	PDF: 253K	AUY26
GD243	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 60V 3A 10W	PDF: 251K
GD244	TO-66		Germanium transistor PNP 70V 3A 10W	PDF: 252K
GE115			1 mA germanium tunnel diode with mounting lugs
GE116			Germanium tunnel diode 1 mA
GE117			10 mA germanium tunnel diode with lugs
GE118			Germanium tunnel diode 10 mA
GE123			Germanium tunnel diode 1 mA with mounting lugs
GE124			Germanium tunnel diode 1 mA
GE125			10 mA germanium tunnel diode with lugs
GE126			Germanium tunnel diode 10 mA
GF100	TO		Germanium transistor PNP 10V 15 mA	PDF: 57K	OC44
GF105	TO		Germanium transistor PNP 10V 15 mA	PDF: 58K	OC45
GF105	TO		Germanium transistor PNP 10V 15 mA	PDF: 58K	OC45
GF120	TO-18		Germanium transistor PNP 15V 10 mA 10 MHz		AF105
GF121	TO-18		Germanium transistor PNP 15V 10 mA 25 MHz		AF136
Type	Housing	Tag	Description	Datasheet	Similar to
GF122	TO-18		Germanium transistor PNP 15V 10 mA 30 MHz		AF116
GF126	TO		Germanium transistor PNP 25V 10 mA 10 MHz	PDF: 216K
GF128	TO		Germanium transistor PNP 25V 10 mA 100 MHz	PDF: 65K	AF126
GF130	TO		Germanium transistor PNP 25V 10 mA 10 MHz	PDF: 178K	AF127
GF131	TO		Germanium transistor PNP 25V 10 mA 100 MHz	PDF: 254K	AF125
GF132	TO		Germanium transistor PNP 25V 10 mA 100 MHz	PDF: 184K	AF124
GF139	TO		Germanium transistor PNP 25V 10 mA 10 MHz	PDF: 211K
GF145	TO-72		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 10 mA 860 MHz	PDF: 391K	AF139
GF146	TO-72		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 10 mA 260 MHz	PDF: 9572K
GF147	TO-72		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 10 mA 900 MHz	PDF: 159K
GF180	TO-72		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 10 mA 10 MHz
GF181	TO		Germanium transistor PNP 25V 10 mA 100 MHz	PDF: 195K
GP119	Lens		Germanium photodiode 20V 30 mW 70µA
GP120	Lens		Germanium photodiode 20V 30 mW 125µA
GP121	Lens		Germanium photodiode 50V 30 mW 70µA
GP122	Lens		Germanium photodiode 50V 30 mW 125µA
GS109	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 50 mA	PDF: 83K
GS111	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 200 mA 1. 2µs	PDF: 68K
GS112	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 200 mA 0.9µs	PDF: 68K
GS121	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 100 mA	PDF: 143K
GS122	TO-1		Germanium transistor PNP 20V 100 mA	PDF: 164K
GY099	DO 1		Germanium rectifier diode 12V 0.1A
GY100	DO 1		Germanium rectifier diode 24V 0.1A
GY101	DO 1		Germanium rectifier diode 40V 0.1A
GY102	DO 1		Germanium rectifier diode 75V 0.1A
Type	Body	Label	Description	Datasheet	Analog
GY104	DO 1		Germanium rectifier diode 150V 0. 1A
GY105	DO 1		Germanium rectifier diode 200V 0.1A
GY109	DO		Germanium rectifier diode 12V 1A
GY110	DO		Germanium rectifier diode 24V 1A
GY111	DO		Germanium rectifier diode 40V 1A
GY112	DO		Germanium rectifier diode 75V 1A
GY113	DO		Germanium rectifier diode 100V 1A
GY114	DO		Germanium rectifier diode 150V 1A
GY115	DO		Germanium rectifier diode 200V 1A
GY120	DO		Germanium rectifier diode 20V 10A
GY121	DO		Germanium rectifier diode 40V 10A
GY122	DO		Germanium rectifier diode 65V 10A
GY123	DO		Germanium rectifier diode 100V 10A
GY124	DO		Germanium rectifier diode 150V 10A
GY125	DO		Germanium rectifier diode 200V 10A
IA338D	DIL 16		Voltage controlled function generator	PDF: 313K
INA30			Hybrid chip, instrumentation amplifier	PDF: 326K
INA52			Hybrid chip, instrumentation amplifier	PDF: 326K
ISA30			Decoupling Amplifier Hybrid IC
L110	DIL 18		CCD line (sensor) 256 pixels	PDF: 519K	CCD110
L133	DIL 24		CCD line (sensor) 1024 pixels	PDF: 859K	CCD133
L143C	DIL 24		CCD line (sensor) 2048 pixels	PDF: 343K
L172C	DIL 24		CCD line (sensor) 512 pixels	PDF: 374K
L211	DIL 24		CCD matrix (sensor) 190 x 244 pixels
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar to
L220	DIL 24		CCD matrix (sensor) 512 x 576 pixels
LC815			Germanium PNP transistor 10V 50mA
LC824			Germanium PNP transistor 10V 150mA
LF871			Germanium PNP transistor 10V 15mA	PDF: 87K
LF880			Germanium PNP transistor 10V 10mA 2MHz	PDF: 87K
LF881			Germanium PNP transistor 10V 10mA 10MHz	PDF: 87K
MB101	(opto)		GaAs-LED + Si-NPN phototransistor	PDF: 70K	CNY21
MB102	(opto)		GaAs-LED + Si-NPN phototransistor	PDF: 319K
MB104	DIL 6		IR-LED + Si-NPN phototransistor	PDF: 80K	CNY17
MB105	DIL 6		IR-LED + Si-NPN phototransistor	PDF: 195K	CNY75
MB106	(opto)		GaAs-LED + Si-NPN phototransistor	PDF: 433K	CNY21
MB110	DIL 6		GaAs-LED + Si-photodiode	PDF: 76K	MCD2
MB111	DIL 8		GaAs-LED + Si-photodiode + TTL amplifier		MCL611
MB123	(opto)		Open optocoupler with slot, GaAs-LED + Si-phototransistor		TIL138
MB125	(opto)		Reflective optocoupler, GaAs-LED + Si-phototransistor		SFH900
MB126	3		Reflective optocoupler, GaAs-LED + Si-phototransistor	PDF: 178K	SFH900
MB130	DIL 6		IR-LED + Si-NPN phototransistor	PDF: 373K
MB131	DIL 6		IR-LED + Si-NPN phototransistor	PDF: 373K
MB132	DIL 6		IR-LED + Si-NPN phototransistor	PDF: 373K	SFH600
MB133	DIL 6		IR-LED + Si-NPN phototransistor	PDF: 373K	CNY17
MB134	DIL 6		IR-LED + Si-NPN phototransistor	PDF: 373K	CNY17
MB135	DIL 6		IR-LED + Si-NPN phototransistor	PDF: 373K	SFH609
MDD16	DO 240		Diode module Si 100V. ..1600V 16A	PDF: 188K
MDD25	DO 240		Diode module Si 100V…1600V 25A	PDF: 188K
MDD40	DO 240		Diode module Si 100V…1600V 40A	PDF: 188K
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar
MDD63	DO 240		Diode module Si 100V…1600V 63A	PDF: 327K
MQE10	(opto)		7-segment LED, 3 digits
MQh300	(opto)		Line of 24 green LEDs	PDF: 259K
O4A657	Plast		4 germanium diodes 40V 15 mA
OA601	Cartridge		Germanium Diode 5V 15mA 3. 5GHz
OA602	Cartridge		Germanium Diode 5V 15mA 3.5GHz
OA603	Cartridge		Germanium Diode 10V 20mA 3.5GHz
OA604	Cartridge		Germanium Diode 10V 20mA 3.5GHz
OA605	Cartridge		Germanium Diode 20V 20mA 3.5GHz
OA625	DO 7		Germanium diode 20V 20mA	PDF: 970K
OA626	DO 7		Germanium diode 20V 20 mA
OA645	DO 7		Germanium diode 40V 15mA	PDF: 970K
OA647	DO 7		Germanium diode 25V 20 mA
OA665	DO 7		Germanium diode 60V 12mA	PDF: 970K
OA666	DO 7		Germanium diode 60V 20 mA
OA685	DO 7		Germanium diode 80V 10mA	PDF: 970K
OA686	DO 7		Germanium diode 80V 20 mA
OA705	DO 7		Germanium diode 110V 10 mA
OA720			Germanium diode 20V 50mA	PDF: 138k
OA721			Germanium diode 20V 75mA	PDF: 138k
OA741			Germanium diode 40V 75mA	PDF: 138k
OA780			Germanium diode 80V 50mA	PDF: 138k
OA900			Si-diode 25V 100mA
OA901			Si-diode 50V 100mA
OA902			Si-diode 75V 100mA
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar
OA903			Si-diode 150V 100mA
OA904			Si-diode 250V 100mA
OA905			Si-diode 350V 100mA
S114	DIL 10		Timer chip for 4. 19 MHz quartz type Bastler U114	PDF: 710K
SA403	DO	red dot	Switching Si diode 25V 30mA
SA412	DO	yellow dot	Switching Si diode 20V 80mA		BA177
SA415			Switching Si diode 50V 100mA		BA218
SA418	DO	green dot	Switching Si-diode 80V 100mA		BAY61
SAL41		41	Dual Si diode 20V 20mA
SAL43		43	Si diode assembly 20V 20mA
SAL45		45	Si diode assembly 20V 20mA
SAM42		42M.	Dual Si diode 20V 20mA	PDF: 80K
SAM43		43M.	Si diode assembly 20V 20mA	PDF: 80K
SAM44		44M.	Si diode assembly 20V 20mA	PDF: 80K
SAM45		45M.	Si diode assembly 20V 20mA	PDF: 80K
SAM62		62M.	Dual Si diode 20V 20mA	PDF: 105K
SAM63		63M.	Si diode assembly 20V 20mA	PDF: 105K
SAM64		64M.	Si diode assembly 20V 20mA	PDF: 105K
SAM65		65M.	Si diode assembly 20V 20mA	PDF: 105K
SAX32			Dual Si diode 25V 30mA
SAX33			Si diode assembly 25V 30mA
SAX34			Si diode assembly 25V 30mA
SAX35			Si diode assembly 25V 30mA
SAX36			Si diode assembly 25V 30mA
SAX42			Dual Si diode 15V 30mA
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar to
SAX43			Si diode assembly 15V 30mA
SAX44			Si diode assembly 15V 30mA
SAX45			Si diode assembly 15V 30mA
SAX46			Si diode assembly 15V 30mA
SAX52			Dual Si diode 25V 50mA
SAX53			Si diode assembly 25V 50mA
SAX54			Si diode assembly 25V 50mA
SAX55			Si diode assembly 25V 50mA
SAX56			Si diode assembly 25V 50mA
SAX62			Dual Si diode 15V 30mA
SAX63			Si diode assembly 15V 30mA
SAX64			Si diode assembly 15V 30mA
SAX65			Si diode assembly 15V 30mA
SAX66			Si diode assembly 15V 30mA
SAY10		4 red stripes	Switching Si diode 50V 175mA	PDF: 111K
SAY11		3 red stripes, 1 yellow	Switching Si diode 50V 175mA	PDF: 111K
SAY12	Miniplast	orange label	Switching Si diode 50V 300mA		BAY42
SAY14		3 red stripes, 1 blue	Switching Si diode 25V 115mA	PDF: 121K
SAY15		3 red stripes, 1 black	Switching Si diode 15V 75mA	PDF: 121K
SAY16	Miniplast	green dot	Switching Si-diode 30V 300mA		BAY41
SAY17	Miniplast	red dot	Switching Si diode 50V 175mA		-BA147
SAY18	Miniplast	yellow dot	Switching Si diode 25V 115mA		-BA147
SAY20	Miniplast	blue label	Switching Si diode 15V 75mA		BAY93
SAY30	Miniplast	30Y.	Switching Si diode 25V 30mA	PDF: 81K	BA216
SAY32	Miniplast	32Y.	Switching Si-diode 25V 50mA	PDF: 81K	BA217
Type	Body	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar to
SAY40	Miniplast	40Y.	Switching Si diode 15V 20mA	PDF: 81K	BA116
SAY42	Miniplast	42Y.	Switching Si diode 15V 30mA	PDF: 81K	BAY52
SAY50	Miniplast		Dual Si diode 25V 30mA	PDF: 50K
SAY52	Miniplast		Dual Si diode 25V 50mA	PDF: 60K
SAY60	Miniplast		Dual Si diode 15V 20mA
SAY62	Miniplast		Dual Si diode 15V 30mA
SAY73	Miniplast	White mark	Switching Si diode 50V 300mA		BAY42
SAZ12			Si-diode 18V 300mW 10GHz
SAZ13			Si-diode 18V 300mW 20GHz
SAZ54			Si-varicap 90V 6W	PDF: 66K
SAZ61			Si-varicap 60V 1. 5W	PDF: 56K
SAZ71			Si-varicap 30V 1W	PDF: 41K
SC116	TO 18		Si-transistor PNP 20V 0.1A 0.3W
SC117	TO 18		Si-transistor PNP 30V 0.1A 0.3W
SC118	TO 18		Si-transistor PNP 60V 0.1A 0.3W
SC119	TO 18		Si-transistor PNP 80V 0.1A 0.3W
SC206	Miniplast	red and bright blue dots	Si-transistor NPN 20V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 127K	BC148
SC207	Miniplast	red and yellow dots	Si-transistor NPN 20V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 127K	BC149
SC236	Miniplast	C36	Si-transistor NPN 20V 0. 1A 0.2W	PDF: 137K
SC237	Miniplast	C37	Si-transistor NPN 45V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 137K	BC237
SC238	Miniplast	C38	Si-transistor NPN 20V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 137K	BC238
SC239	Miniplast	C39	Si-transistor NPN 80V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 137K	BC239
SC307	Miniplast	307	Si-transistor PNP 45V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 106K	BC307
SC308	Miniplast	308	Si-transistor PNP 20V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 106K	BC308
SC309	Miniplast	309	Si-transistor PNP 80V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 106K	BC309
Type	Housing	Tag	Description	Datasheet	Similar
SCE237	SOT 23	B[D/E]	Si-transistor NPN 45V 0. 1A 0.2W	PDF: 539K	BC847
SCE238	SOT 23	C[D/E]	Si-transistor NPN 20V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 539K	BC848
SCE239	SOT 23	D[D/E/F]	Si-transistor NPN 80V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 539K	BC849
SCE307	SOT 23	N[C/D/E]	Si-transistor PNP 45V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 717K	BC857
SCE308	SOT 23	O[C/D/E]	Si-transistor PNP 20V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 717K	BC858
SCE309	SOT 23	P[C/D/E]	Si-transistor PNP 80V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 717K	BC859
SCE535	SOT 89	B[A/B/C/D]	Si-transistor NPN 45V 1A 0,8W		BCX54
SCE536	SOT 89	A[A/B/C/D]	Si-transistor PNP 45V 1A 0. 8W		BCX51
SCE537	SOT 89	B[E/F/G/M]	Si-transistor NPN 60V 1A 0,8W		BCX55
SCE538	SOT 89	A[E/F/G/M]	Si-transistor PNP 60V 1A 0.8W		BCX52
SCE539	SOT 89	B[H/I/K/L]	Si-transistor NPN 80V 1A 0,8W		BCX56
SCE540	SOT 89	A[H/I/K/L]	Si-transistor PNP 80V 1A 0.8W		BCX53
SD168	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 300V 3A 12.5W	PDF: 49K
SD335	TO 126		Si-transistor NPN 45V 1.5A 12.5W	PDF: 247K	BD135
SD336	TO 126		Si-transistor PNP 45V 1. 5A 12.5W	PDF: 88K	BD136
SD337	TO 126		Si-transistor NPN 60V 1.5A 12.5W	PDF: 247K	BD137
SD338	TO 126		Si-transistor PNP 60V 1.5A 12.5W	PDF: 88K	BD138
SD339	TO 126		Si-transistor NPN 80V 1.5A 12.5W	PDF: 247K	BD139
SD340	TO 126		Si-transistor PNP 80V 1.5A 12.5W	PDF: 88K	BD140
SD345	TO 126		Si-transistor NPN 45V 3A 20W	PDF: 161K	BD233
SD346	TO 126		Si-transistor PNP 45V 3A 20W	PDF: 231K	BD234
SD347	TO 126		Si-transistor NPN 60V 3A 20W	PDF: 161K	BD235
SD348	TO 126		Si-transistor PNP 60V 3A 20W	PDF: 231K	BD236
SD349	TO 126		Si-transistor NPN 80V 3A 20W	PDF: 161K	BD237
SD350	TO 126		Si-transistor PNP 80V 3A 20W	PDF: 231K	BD238
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar to
SD401	TO 220		Si-transistor NPN 45V 10A 90W
SD402	TO 220		Si-transistor PNP 45V 10A 90W
SD403	TO 220		Si-transistor NPN 60V 10A 90W
SD404	TO 220		Si-transistor PNP 60V 10A 90W
SD405	TO 220		Si-transistor NPN 80V 10A 90W
SD406	TO 220		Si-transistor PNP 80V 10A 90W
SD407	TO 220		Si-transistor NPN 100V 10A 90W
SD408	TO 220		Si-transistor PNP 100V 10A 90W
SD409	TO 220		Si-transistor NPN 120V 10A 90W
SD410	TO 220		Si-transistor PNP 120V 10A 90W
SD451	TO 220		Composite Si transistor NPN 45V 10A 90W
SD452	TO 220		Composite Si transistor PNP 45V 10A 90W
SD453	TO 220		Composite Si transistor NPN 60V 10A 90W
SD454	TO 220		Composite Si transistor PNP 60V 10A 90W
SD455	TO 220		Composite Si transistor NPN 80V 10A 90W
SD456	TO 220		Composite Si transistor PNP 80V 10A 90W
SD457	TO 220		Composite Si transistor NPN 100V 10A 90W
SD458	TO 220		Composite Si transistor PNP 100V 10A 90W
SD459	TO 220		Composite Si transistor NPN 120V 10A 90W
SD460	TO 220		Composite Si transistor PNP 120V 10A 90W
SD600	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 80V 3A 10W
SD601	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 50V 3A 10W
SD602	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 80V 3A 10W
SD802	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 100V 5A 50W
SD812	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 200V 4A 50W	PDF: 155K
Type	Body	Label	Description	Datasheet	Analog
SF016	TO 39		Si-transistor PNP 45V 0. 6A 0.6W
SF018	TO 39		Si-transistor PNP 45V 0.6A 0.6W
SF116	TO 39		Si-transistor PNP 20V 0.1A 0.6W
SF117	TO 39		Si-transistor PNP 30V 0.1A 0.6W
SF118	TO 39		Si-transistor PNP 60V 0.1A 0.6W
SF119	TO 39		Si-transistor PNP 80V 0.1A 0.6W
SF121	TO 39		Si-transistor NPN 20V 0.1A 0.6W	PDF: 125K
SF122	TO 39		Si-transistor NPN 33V 0.1A 0.6W	PDF: 125K	BSY91
SF123	TO 39		Si-transistor NPN 66V 0. 1A 0.6W	PDF: 125K	BSY92
SF126	TO 39		Si-transistor NPN 20V 0.1A 0.6W	PDF: 154K	BSY51
SF127	TO 39		Si-transistor NPN 30V 0.1A 0.6W	PDF: 154K	BSY53
SF128	TO 39		Si-transistor NPN 60V 0.1A 0.6W	PDF: 154K	BSY55
SF129	TO 39		Si-transistor NPN 80V 0.1A 0.6W		BSY55
SF131	TO 18		Si-transistor NPN 20V 0.05A 0.3W	PDF: 221K	BF184
SF132	TO 18		Si-transistor NPN 40V 0.05A 0.3W	PDF: 221K	BF115
SF136	TO 18		Si-transistor NPN 20V 0. 2A 0.3W	PDF: 237K	2N708
SF137	TO 18		Si-transistor NPN 12V 0.2A 0.3W	PDF: 237K	BFY39
SF150	TO 39		Si-transistor NPN 160V 0.05A 0.6W
SF215	Miniplast	F15 / white label	Si-transistor NPN 20V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 146K	BF254
SF216	Miniplast	F16 / bright blue label	Si-transistor NPN 40V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 146K	BF241
SF225	Miniplast	F25	Si-transistor NPN 25V 0.025A 0.2W	PDF: 551K	BF241
SF235	Miniplast	F35	Si-transistor NPN 25V 0.025A 0.2W	PDF: 204K	BF255
SF240	Miniplast	F40	Si-transistor NPN 30V 0. 025A 0.2W	PDF: 238K	BF196
SF245	Miniplast	F45	Si-transistor NPN 25V 0.025A 0.2W	PDF: 133K	BF199
SF357	TO 126		Si-transistor NPN 160V 0.1A 6W	PDF: 115K	BF457
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar to
SF358	TO 126		Si-transistor NPN 250V 0.1A 6W	PDF: 115K	BF458
SF359	TO 126		Si-transistor NPN 300V 0.1A 6W	PDF: 115K	BF459
SF369	TO 126		Si-transistor NPN 250V 0.03A 1.2W	PDF: 54K	BF469
SF816	TO 92		Si-transistor PNP 20V 0. 5A 0.735W
SF817	TO 92		Si-transistor PNP 30V 0.5A 0.735W
SF818	TO 92		Si-transistor PNP 60V 0.5A 0.735W
SF819	TO 92		Si-transistor PNP 80V 0.5A 0.735W
SF826	TO 92		Si-transistor NPN 20V 0.5A 0.735W
SF827	TO 92		Si-transistor NPN 30V 0.5A 0.735W
SF828	TO 92		Si-transistor NPN 60V 0.5A 0.735W
SF829	TO 92		Si-transistor NPN 80V 0.5A 0.735W
SFE225	SOT 23	HO	Si-transistor NPN 25V 0. 025A 0.2W	PDF: 104K
SFE235	SOT 23	IO	Si-transistor NPN 25V 0.025A 0.2W	PDF: 169K	BF255
SFE245	SOT 23	LO	Si-transistor NPN 25V 0.025A 0.2W	PDF: 182K	BFS20
SFE250	SOT 23		Si-transistor NPN 5V 50mW
SFE292	SOT 23		Si-transistor NPN 15V 200mW
SFE517	SOT 89		Si-transistor NPN 25V 150mA 1W
SFE569	SOT 89		Si-transistor NPN 250V 50mA 1W
SFE570	SOT 89		Si-transistor PNP 250V 50mA 1W
SM103	Miniplast	03M	N-FET 20V 15mA 150mW 3. ..12mA	PDF: 117K
SM104	Miniplast	04M	N-FET 20V 15mA 150mW 1.5…6.5mA	PDF: 117K
SM200	SOT 103		Double Gate MOSFET
SME992	SOT 23		N-channel MOSFET for VHF
SME994	SOT 23		N-channel MOSFET for VHF
SME996	SOT 23		N-channel MOSFET for microwave
Type	Housing	Tag	Description	Datasheet	Similar
SMY50	DIL 4	MY50	P-channel MOSFET	PDF: 79K	MEM511
SMY51	DIL 6	MY51	2 P-channel MOSFETs	PDF: 79K	MEM550DUAL
SMY52	DIL 4	MY52	P-channel MOSFET	PDF: 48K	MEM517
SMY60	DIL 10		2 P-channel MOSFETs		MEM551
SP101	TO-5		Fast photodiode		(BPX61)
SP102	TO-5		Fast photodiode		(BPX65)
SP103	TO-5		Fast photodiode		(BPX63)
SP104	(opto)		Avalanche Si-photodiode	PDF: 57K	BPW28
SP105	(opto)		Exposure Meter	PDF: 520K	BPW21
SP106	(opto)		Si-pin photodiode	PDF: 371K	BPW34
SP107	(opto)		Si-pin photodiode
SP109	(opto)		Si-pin photodiode	PDF: 44K
SP114	(opto)		Avalanche Photodiode	PDF: 237K	(BPW28)
SP116	(opto)		Dual Photodiode — Position Sensor	PDF: 371K	BPX48
SP117	(opto)		4 photodiodes — position sensor	PDF: 371K	SFh304
SP119	(opto)		Photodiode pad	PDF: 254K
SP121	(opto)		Photodiode range	PDF: 254K
SP123	(opto)		Photodiode with sensing ring	PDF: 371K
SP124	(opto)		Photodiode with sensing ring	PDF: 371K
SP201	(opto)		Phototransistor 4 mm	PDF: 78K	TIL78
SP211	(opto)		Phototransistor (hole mount)	PDF: 82K	BPX71
SP212	(opto)		Phototransistor in miniature package 2 mm		BPX81
SP213	(opto)		Phototransistor in a 3 mm diameter barrel	PDF: 230K	SFh409
SP215	(opto)		Phototransistor in a cylindrical housing with a diameter of 5 mm		BP103
SS125	TO 39		Si-transistor NPN 25V 0. 5A 0.6W
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar to
SS126	TO 39		Si-transistor NPN 50V 0.5A 0.6W
SS200	Miniplast	S00	Si-transistor NPN 70V 0.03A 0.15W	PDF: 78K
SS201	Miniplast	S01	Si-transistor NPN 100V 0.03A 0.15W	PDF: 78K	BF177
SS202	Miniplast	S02	Si-transistor NPN 120V 0.03A 0.15W	PDF: 78K	BF178
SS216	Miniplast	S16	Si-transistor NPN 15V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 149K
SS218	Miniplast	S18	Si-transistor NPN 15V 0. 1A 0.2W	PDF: 149K
SS219	Miniplast	S19	Si-transistor NPN 15V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 149K
SSE200	SOT 23	WG	Si-transistor NPN 70V 0.03A 0.15W	PDF: 239K
SSE201	SOT 23	WI	Si-transistor NPN 100V 0.03A 0.15W	PDF: 239K
SSE202	SOT 23	WK	Si-transistor NPN 120V 0.03A 0.15W	PDF: 239K
SSE216	SOT 23	F[C/D]	Si-transistor NPN 15V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 210K
SSE219	SOT 23	G[C/D]	Si-transistor NPN 15V 0.1A 0.2W	PDF: 210K	(BSV52)
SSE550	SOT 89		Si-transistor NPN 45V 0. 5A 1W
SSE551	SOT 89		Si-transistor NPN 60V 0.5A 1W
SSE552	SOT 89		Si-transistor NPN 80V 0.5A 1W
SSE560	SOT 89		Si-transistor PNP 45V 0.5A 1W
SSE561	SOT 89		Si-transistor PNP 60V 0.5A 1W
SSE562	SOT 89		Si-transistor PNP 80V 0.5A 1W
SSY20	TO 39		Si-transistor NPN 40V 0.6A 0.7W		BSY34
ST103	TO 220		Thyristor 3A 20mA	PDF: 62K
ST108	DO 208		Thyristor 6A 150mA
ST111	M8 SW17		Thyristor 25A 100mA
ST121	M8 SW17		Thyristor 40A 100mA
SU111	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 400V 10A 120W	PDF: 575K	BU921
SU160	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 700V 5A 12. 5W		BU208
Type	Body	Label	Description	Datasheet	Analogue
SU161	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 700V 2.5A 10W		BU205
SU165	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 350V 2.5A 10W		BU126
SU167	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 325V 10A 100W	PDF: 443K	BU326
SU169	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 400V 10A 100W	PDF: 443K	BUY69A
SU177	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 400V 4A 50W		BUX46
SU178	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 400V 6A 60W	PDF: 300K	BUX82
SU179	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 450V 6A 60W	PDF: 300K	BUX83
SU180	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 400V 4A 50W		BU204
SU186	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 125V 15A 150W	PDF: 284K	2N3055
SU187	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 200V 15A 150W	PDF: 575K	BUX41
SU188	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 250V 20A 150W	PDF: 575K	BUX42
SU189	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 400V 15A 175W	PDF: 575K	BUX48
SU190	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 450V 15A 175W	PDF: 575K	BUX48A
SU191	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 125V 20A	PDF: 322K
SU192	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 250V 15A	PDF: 322K
SU193	TO 3		Si-transistor NPN 250V 15A	PDF: 322K
SU310	TO 218		Composite Si transistor NPN 350V 12A 125W
SU311	TO 218		Composite Si transistor NPN 400V 12A 125W	PDF: 342K
SU312	TO 218		Composite Si transistor NPN 400V 12A 125W
SU377	TO 220		Si-transistor NPN 300V 6A 85W	PDF: 575K	MJE13004
SU378	TO 220		Si-transistor NPN 400V 6A 85W	PDF: 252K	MJE13005
SU379	TO 220		Si-transistor NPN 400V 6A 85W	PDF: 575K	BUX84
SU380	TO 220		Si-transistor NPN 400V 6A 85W	PDF: 252K	BUT11
SU382	TO 218		Si-transistor NPN 400V 9A 125W
SU383	TO 218		Si-transistor NPN 450V 9A 125W
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar to
SU384	TO 218		Si-transistor NPN 450V 9A 125W
SU386	TO 218		Si-transistor NPN 125V 5A 150W	PDF: 371K
SU387	TO 218		Si-transistor NPN 200V 8A 150W	PDF: 371K
SU388	TO 218		Si-transistor NPN 250V 10A 150W	PDF: 371K
SU389	TO 218		Si-transistor NPN 400V 10A 150W	PDF: 325K
SU390	TO 218		Si-transistor NPN 450V 8A 150W	PDF: 325K
SU391	TO 218		Si-transistor NPN 125V 20A 150W
SU392	TO 218		Si-transistor NPN 160V 15A 150W
SU393	TO 218		Si-transistor NPN 300V 10A 150W
SU508	TO 240		Si-transistor NPN 600V 30A 250W	PDF: 416K
SU509	TO 240		Si-transistor NPN 700V 30A 250W	PDF: 416K
SU510	TO 240		Si-transistor NPN 800V 30A 250W	PDF: 416K
SU518	TO 240		Si-transistor NPN 400V 50A 400W
SU519	TO 240		Si-transistor NPN 700V 50A 400W
SU520	TO 240		Si-transistor NPN 800V 50A 400W
SY170	DO 208		Rectifier Si diode 100V. ..700V 25A		SSiE12
SY171	DO 208		Rectifier Si diode 100V…700V 25A		SSiE11
SY180	M8 SW14		Rectifier Si diode 100V…1400V 30A
SY180..A	M8 SW14		Si Avalanche Diode 100V…1400V 30A
SY185	M8		Rectifier Si diode 50V…600V bis 25A	PDF: 82K
SY191	M5		Rectifier Si diode 100V…1600V 20A	PDF: 506K
SY192	M6		Rectifier Si-diode 100V…1600V 45A	PDF: 386K
SY196	M5		Rectifier Si diode 100V…1000V 15A	PDF: 506K
SY197	M6		Rectifier Si diode 100V. ..1000V 25A	PDF: 386K
SY2..	Metall		Rectifier Si diode 75V…1000V 1A		BYY3x
Type	Housing	Tag	Description	Datasheet	Similar to
SY250	DO		Rectifier Si diode 50V…1000V 250A
SY320	DO 27		Rectifier Si-diode 75V…1000V 0.95A		BY201
SY330	DO 15		Rectifier Si diode 100V…2000V 0.5A	PDF: 84K	BY203
SY345	DO 15		Rectifier Si diode 50V…1000V 0.5A		BY113
SY346	DO 15		Rectifier Si diode 50V…1000V 0.6A. ..0.8A
SY347	DO 15		Rectifier Si diode 50V…1000V 0.5A…0.7A		1P643
SY351	DO 27		Rectifier Si diode 50V…1600V 3A	PDF: 66K	BY251
SY356	DO 27		Rectifier Si diode 50V…1000V 2.3A…3A	PDF: 80K	BYX258
SY360	DO 15		Rectifier Si diode 50V…1600V 0.95A		1N400x
SY361	DO 15		Rectifier Si diode 1000V…1800V 1A		1N4007
SY525	DO 4		Schottky rectifier diode 20V…70V 30A	PDF: 281K
SY526	DO 4		Schottky rectifier diode 30V. ..45V 25A	PDF: 275K
SY625	DO 4		Rectifier Si diode 50V…200V 28A	PDF: 264K
SY710	DO 220		Rectifier Si diode 50V…200V 7A	PDF: 304K	BAW29
SY715	DO 220		Rectifier Si diode 50V…200V 12A	PDF: 338K	BVY79
SZ500	M4		Si-zener diode 1V…22V 5% 8W
SZ600	M4		Si-zener diode 0.75V…22V 5% 8W		BZY95
SZX18	DO	black ring	Si-zener diode 1V…33V 10% 0.5W		BZX55
SZX19	DO	red dot	Si-zener diode 5. 1V…33V 5% 0.5W		BZX55
SZX21	Miniplast		Si-zener diode 1V…24V 5% 0.4W		BZX55
SZY20	HC33U	black ring	Si-zener diode 8.4V TK10		BZY22
SZY21	HC33U	yellow dot	Si-zener diode 8.4V TK5		BZY23
SZY22	HC33U	blue label	Si-zener diode 8.4V TK2		BZY24
SZY23	HC33U	red dot	Si-zener diode 8.4V TK1		BZY25
TTA20			Hybrid chip, instrumentation amplifier	PDF: 326K
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar to
U. 88..			Single-chip microcomputer	PDF: 672K
U1001C	DIL 16		PCM telephone filter chip	PDF: 707K
U101	DIL 14		Two P-MOS full adders	PDF: 186K
U1011C	DIL 16		PCM codec for telephone	PDF: 774K
U102	DIL 10		Two P-MOS gates 3OR-NOT	PDF: 170K
U1021C	DIL 24		Control chip for telephone	PDF: 617K
U103	DIL 10		RST trigger P-MOS	PDF: 184K
U104	DIL 10		Two P-MOS gates Exclusive OR (XOR)	PDF: 168K
U105	DIL 14		6 P-MOS transistors	PDF: 149K
U1056D	DIL 16		PLL synthesizer	PDF: 1. 1M	SAA1056
U1059D	DIL 16		Frequency divider	PDF: 338K	SAA1059
U106	DIL 16		6 gates P-MOS 2OR-NOT	PDF: 175K
U107	DIL 16		3 P-MOS 2I gates (2 standard gates, 1 gate with differential outputs)	PDF: 178K
U108	DIL 22		2 P-MOS JK flip-flops	PDF: 216K
U109	DIL 14		P-MOS parity checker	PDF: 162K
U111	DIL 24		P-MOS frequency divider 7 x 2:1
U112	DIL 14		P-MOS frequency divider 7 x 2:1	PDF: 156K
U113F	Flat Pack 8		Clock chip	PDF: 51K
U114D	DIL 10		Clock chip 4. 19 MHz
U1159DC	DIL 16		Frequency divider chip	PDF: 575K
U116S	DIL 10		Clock chip 32768 Hz
U117X	Chip		Clock chip
U118F	Plat Pack 8		Clock chip
U121D	DIL 28		Inverse 4-bit binary counter	PDF: 247K
U122D	DIL 28		Inverse 4-bit binary counter	PDF: 247K
Type	Housing	Tag	Description	Datasheet	Similar
U125D	DIL 40		4-decade counter with multiplexed output to 7-segment display	PDF: 2. 1M
U126D	DIL 40		4-decade counter for digital voltmeter	PDF: 322K
U1301XS	Chip		Clock chip for LCD
U1311	Flat Pack 64		Clock chip for timer
U131G	PQFP 53		Clock chip for LCD
U1600	QFP 28…124		Programmable logic CMOS
U192D	DIL 16		1½-digit 7-segment display decoder	PDF: 453K
U202D	DIL 16		sRAM 1K x 1	PDF: 358K	2102
U2148D	DIL 18		sRAM 1K x 4	PDF: 820K	2148
U214D	DIL 18		sRAM 1K x 4	PDF: 682K	2114
U215D	DIL 16		sRAM 1K x 1	PDF: 636K	P2115
U2164C	DIL 18		dRAM 64K x 1	PDF: 1. 3M	MCM6664
U224D	DIL 18		sRAM 1K x 4	PDF: 442K	6514
U225D	DIL 16		sRAM 1K x 1	PDF: 636K	P2125
U2316C	DIL 24		ROM 2K x 8	PDF: 568K
U2364C	DIL 28		ROM 8K x 8	PDF: 445K
U2365C	DIL 28		ROM 8K x 8 with address latch	PDF: 445K
U253D	DIL 18		dRAM 1K x 1	PDF: 395K	P1103
U256D	DIL 16		dRAM 16K x 1	PDF: 1.5M	4116
U2616D	DIL 24		PROM 2K x 8	PDF: 541K
U2632D	DIL 24		PROM 4K x 8	PDF: 211K
U2664D	DIL 28		PROM 8K x 8
U2716D	DIL 24		EPROM 2K x 8	PDF: 541K	2716
U2732D	DIL 24		EPROM 4K x 8	PDF: 854K	2732
U2764D	DIL 28		EPROM 8K x 8
Type	Housing	Tag	Description	Datasheet	Similar
U311	DIL 16		5-bit P-MOS shift register	PDF: 44K
U32C20	PQFP 68		Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
U352	DIL 10		64-bit P-MOS shift register	PDF: 255K	MEM3064
U4. ..			CMOS logic		MC14…
U401D	DIL 28		ROM character generator 64 x 50	PDF: 77K
U402D	DIL 24		ROM character generator 64 x 40	PDF: 78K
U403D	DIL 24		ROM character generator 32 x 80	PDF: 76K
U40511D	DIL 16		BCD decoder to 7-segment code with HEX characters	PDF: 666K	(CD4511)
U4538	DIL 18		RAM Address Buffer Multiplexer
U501D	DIL 24		ROM 256 x 8	PDF: 91K	P1302
U505D	DIL 24		ROM 1K x 8		P2308
U5200	PLCC 64		CMOS Gate Array	PDF: 490K
U5300	QFP 124		CMOS Gate Array
U551D	DIL 24		PROM 256 x 8		P1602
U552D	DIL 24		EPROM 256×8		C1702
U555C	DIL 24		EPROM 1024×8	PDF: 104K	2708
U61000	DIL 18		dRAM 1M x 1
U61256DC	DIL 16		dRAM 256K x 1	PDF: 1. 3M	41256
U6264DG	DIL 28		sRAM 8K x 8	PDF: 146K	8464
U6516D	DIL 24		sRAM 2K x 8	PDF: 784K	HM6516
U6548D	DIL 18		sRAM 1K x 4	PDF: 589K	HM6548
U700	DIL 22		Programmable decoder	PDF: 49K
U705	DIL 24		Programmable decoder	PDF: 97K
U706D	DIL 24		Thyristor control IC	PDF: 80K
U708D	DIL 16		Triac control IC	PDF: 816K
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar
U710	DIL 16		Programmable decoder	PDF: 91K
U711	DIL 16		Decoder	PDF: 68K
U713	DIL 18		Chip for the touch keypad of the telephone
U714PC	PLCC 64		Matrix LCD Driver	PDF: 900K	HD44100
U739DC	DIL 28		12-bit ADC
U7650DD	DIL 14		CMOS operational amplifier with chopper		ICL7650
U7660D	DIL 8		Voltage Boost IC	PDF: 438K	ICL7660
U8030D	DIL 40		RS232 serial interface controller	PDF: 491K	Z8030
U8036D	DIL 40		Timer-counter and parallel interface for CPU	PDF: 374K	Z8036
U8047P	PCC 64		Single-chip microcontroller (MCU)	PDF: 1. 1M
U804D	DIL 16		6-channel DAC	PDF: 738K	SAB3013
U805D	DIL 24		Control controller
U80601	PLCC 68		16-bit microprocessor
U80606	DIL 20		Bus controller
U80608	PLCC 68		Error detection and correction circuit
U80610	PLCC 68		DRAM controller
U806D	DIL 24		IR remote control receiver	PDF: 2.3M	SAB3022B
U80701	PLCC 68		32-bit microprocessor
U8071	PLCC 68		32-bit microprocessor
U807D	DIL 24		IR remote control transmitter	PDF: 2. 3M	SAB3021
U808D	DIL 18		8-bit CPU		P8008
U82062D	DIL 40		Hard disk controller (HDC)	PDF: 287K
U821D	DIL 28		Calculator chip	PDF: 98K
U8246I	PCC 24		sRAM 256 x 4	PDF: 670K
U824G	PQFO 56		Calculator chip
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar
U82530D	DIL 40		RS232 serial interface controller	PDF: 491K	P82530
U82536D	DIL 40		Timer-counter and parallel interface for CPU	PDF: 374K	Z8536
U825G	PQFO 53		Calculator chip with clock function
U826G	PQFO 56		Calculator chip
U82720D	DIL 40		Graphic display controller	PDF: 727K	uPD82720
U8272D	DIL 40		Floppy Disk Controller (FDC)	PDF: 1. 1M	I8272
U830C	DIL 48		8-bit CPU
U834C	DIL 48
U84C00	DIL 40		Z80 CPU CMOS		Z84C00
U84C20	DIL 40		Z80 PIO (parallel input/output controller) CMOS (parallel input/output controller)		Z84C20
U84C30	DIL 40		Z80 CTC CMOS (Timer-Counter)		Z84C30
U84C40	DIL 40		Z80 SIO CMOS (Serial Port Controller)		Z84C40
U855	DIL 40		Z80 PIO (Parallel I/O Controller)
U856	DIL 40		Z80 SIO (Serial Port Controller)	PDF: 105K
U8560	DIL 40		Z80 SIO (serial port controller equivalent to U856)	PDF: 105K
U8561	DIL 40		Z80 SIO (serial port controller, similar to U856)	PDF: 127K
U857	DIL 28		Z80 CTC (timer-counter)	PDF: 248K
U858	DIL 40		Z80 DMA (direct memory access controller)	PDF: 68K
U8611D	DIL 40		Single-chip microcomputer	PDF: 553K	Z8682
U880	DIL 40		Z80 CPU
U9032XC	Chip		LED string driver	PDF: 321K
UA855	DIL 40		Z80 PIO (parallel I/O controller, U855 at 4 MHz)
UA856	DIL 40		Z80 SIO (Serial Port Controller, U856 at 4 MHz)	PDF: 127K
UA8563	DIL 40		Z80 UART (serial port controller, 0. ..70°C, frequency 4 MHz)	PDF: 127K
UA857	DIL 28		Z80 CTC (timer-counter, U857 at 4 MHz)	PDF: 248K
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar to
UA858	DIL 40		Z80 DMA (Direct Memory Access Controller, U858 @ 4 MHz)	PDF: 68K
UA880	DIL 40		Z80 CPU (similar to U880, 4 MHz)
UB8001	DIL 48		16-bit microprocessor	PDF: 616K
UB8002	DIL 40		16-bit microprocessor	PDF: 616K
UB8010C	DIL 48		Memory Management Unit (MMU) to UB800x microprocessor	PDF: 487K
UB8032C	DIL 48		Arithmetic coprocessor (floating point processing, FPU) to UB800x microprocessor
UB855	DIL 40		Z80 PIO (parallel I/O controller, similar to U855)
UB856	DIL 40		Z80 SIO (serial port controller equivalent to U856)	PDF: 127K
UB8563	DIL 40		Z80 UART (serial port controller, 0. ..70°C, frequency 2.5 MHz)	PDF: 127K
UB857	DIL 28		Z80 CTC (timer-counter, similar to U857)	PDF: 248K
UB858	DIL 40		Z80 DMA (direct memory access controller, similar to U858)	PDF: 68K
UB880	DIL 40		Z80 CPU, similar to U880
UB8810	DIL 40		Single chip MCU, 2k internal ROM, built-in generator	PDF: 351K	Z8601
UB8811	DIL 40		Single-chip MCU, 2k internal ROM, power save/shutdown function	PDF: 351K	Z8601
UB8820	QUIP 64		Single chip MCU, 2k external ROM, built-in generator		Z8602
UB8821	QUIP 64		Single-chip MCU, 2k external ROM, power save/shutdown function		Z8602
UB8830	DIL 40		Single-chip MCU, Tiny Basic, built-in generator	PDF: 351K
UB8831	DIL 40		Single-chip MCU, Tiny Basic, power save/shutdown function	PDF: 351K
UB8840	QUIP 64		Single chip MCU 4k ext. ROM int. Osz.		Z8612
UB8841	QUIP 64		Single chip MCU 4k ext. ROM power down		Z8612
UB8860	DIL 40		Single-chip MCU, version without ROM, built-in generator		Z8682
UB8861	DIL 40		Single-chip MCU, no ROM version, power save/shutdown function		Z8682
UL224D	DIL 18		sRAM 1K x 4	PDF: 442K
UL7211	DIP 40		LCD control circuit	PDF: 103K	ICM7211
UL8611D	DIL 40		Single-chip microcomputer, power save/shutdown function	PDF: 553K
Type	Housing	Tag	Description	Datasheet	Similar
UP7211	DIP 40		LCD control circuit	PDF: 103K
US224D	DIL 18		sRAM 1K x 4	PDF: 442K
VB855	DIL 40		Z80 PIO (parallel I/O controller, similar to U855, -25. ..+85°C)
VB856	DIL 40		Z80 SIO (serial port controller, similar to U856, -25…85°C)	PDF: 127K
VB8563	DIL 40		Z80 UART (serial controller, -25…85°C, frequency 2.5 MHz	PDF: 127K
VB857	DIL 28		Z80 CTC (timer-counter, similar to U857, -25…85°C)	PDF: 248K
VB880	DIL 40		Z80 CPU (similar to U880, -25…85°C)
VFE15	TO 120		GaAs-FET bis 12 GHz
VK11			7-segment display, 10 digits, red dot 3.4 mmm	PDF: 63K
VK12			7-segment display, 9 digits, red dot 3. 4 mmm	PDF: 63K
VK15			7-segment indicator, 9digits, red dot 3.4 mmm	PDF: 63K
VL224D	DIL 18		sRAM 1K x 4	PDF: 442K
VQ110	(opto)		Infrared LED, 4 mm	PDF: 69K
VQ120	(opto)		Infrared LED (for hole mounting)	PDF: 374K	CQX57I
VQ121	(opto)		Infrared LED, 2 mm	PDF: 297K	LD261
VQ123	(opto)		Infrared LED, 3 mm		SFh509
VQ125	(opto)		Infrared LED, 5 mm		LD271
VQ130	(opto)		Infrared LED with monitor diode	PDF: 41K	C30119
VQ150	(opto)		Infrared laser LED with monitor diode and Peltier cooler	PDF: 653K
VQ170	(opto)		Infrared LED	PDF: 222K
VQ175	(opto)		Infrared LED	PDF: 346K
VQA10	(opto)		LED 5mm red		LS5160
VQA101	(opto)		LED 5×1 mm red	PDF: 322K	CQW60L
VQA102	(opto)		LED 5 mm red	PDF: 322K
VQA103	(opto)		LED 5×2. 3 mm red		CQW60L
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar to
VQA12	(opto)		LED 4 mm red
VQA13	(opto)		LED 5 mm red	PDF: 37K	TLR116A
VQA13-1	(opto)		LED 5 mm red		LR5160
VQA14	(opto)		LED 2.4×4.85 mm red	PDF: 109K	LRB480
VQA15	(opto)		LED 2 mm red	PDF: 53K	LRZ181
VQA16	(opto)		LED 5 mm red	PDF: 653K	TLR153
VQA17	(opto)		LED 3 mm red	PDF: 653K	TLR124
VQA18	(opto)		LED 5×2 mm red	PDF: 109K	TLR208
VQA19	(opto)		LED 5 mm triangular red	PDF: 109K	TLR207
VQA201	(opto)		LED 5×1 mm green	PDF: 322K	CQW60L
VQA202	(opto)		LED 5 mm green	PDF: 322K
VQA203	(opto)		LED 5×2. 3 mm green		CQW60L
VQA23	(opto)		LED 5 mm green	PDF: 64K	LG5160
VQA24	(opto)		LED 2.4×4.85 mm green	PDF: 109K	LGB480
VQA25	(opto)		LED 2 mm green	PDF: 482K	LGZ181
VQA26	(opto)		LED 5 mm green	PDF: 653K	TLG153
VQA27	(opto)		LED 3 mm green	PDF: 653K	TLG124
VQA28	(opto)		LED 5×2 mm green	PDF: 109K	TLG208
VQA29	(opto)		LED 5 mm triangular	PDF: 109K	TLG207
VQA301	(opto)		LED 5×1 mm yellow	PDF: 322K	CQW60L
VQA303	(opto)		LED 5×2. 3 mm yellow		CQW60L
VQA33	(opto)		LED 5 mm yellow	PDF: 67K	LY5160
VQA34	(opto)		LED 2.4×4.85 mm yellow	PDF: 109K	LYB480
VQA35	(opto)		LED 2 mm yellow	PDF: 482K	LYZ181
VQA36	(opto)		LED 5 mm yellow	PDF: 653K	TLY153
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar to
VQA37	(opto)		LED 3 mm yellow	PDF: 653K	TLY124
VQA38	(opto)		LED 5×2 mm yellow	PDF: 109K	TLY208
VQA39	(opto)		LED 5 mm triangular yellow	PDF: 109K	TLY207
VQA46	(opto)		LED 5 mm orange	PDF: 653K	TLO153
VQA47	(opto)		LED 3 mm orange	PDF: 653K	TLO124
VQA49	(opto)		LED 5 mm triangular orange	PDF: 109K	TLO207
VQA60	(opto)		Bicolor LED 5 mm red/green	PDF: 467K	LD100
VQA70	(opto)		LED 5 mm red dot/yellow dot	PDF: 467K
VQA80	(opto)		LED 5 mm green dot/yellow dot	PDF: 467K
VQB16	(opto)		7-segment indicator [±1. ] 3/4″ red	PDF: 435K	(HDSP3906)
VQB17	(opto)		7-segment indicator [8] 3/4″ red, common cathode	PDF: 435K	(HDSP3903)
VQB18	(opto)		7-segment indicator [8] 3/4″ red, common anode	PDF: 435K	(HDSP3901)
VQB200	(opto)		16-segment indicator 1/2″ green, common cathode	PDF: 453K	(TLG370)
VQB201	(opto)		16-segment indicator 1/2″ green dot common anode	PDF: 453K	(TLG371)
VQB26	(opto)		7-segment display [±1.] 3/4″ green dot	PDF: 88K	(HDSP8606)
VQB27	(opto)		7-segment indicator [8] 3/4″ green, common cathode	PDF: 88K	(HDSP8603)
VQB28	(opto)		7-segment indicator [8] 3/4″ green, common anode	PDF: 88K	(HDSP8601)
VQB37	(opto)		7-segment indicator [8] 3. 4 mm red, common cathode
VQB71	(opto)		7-segment display [8] 7 mm red, common anode	PDF: 39K
VQB73	(opto)		7-segment indicator [+,-,%] 7 mm red, common anode	PDF: 39K
VQC10	(opto)		4 x dot matrix 5×7 red dot 8 mmm	PDF: 135K
VQC32	(opto)		3 x 7-segment indicator red dot 3.4 mmm
VQD30	(opto)		7-segment display, 9 digits red 3.4 mmm	PDF: 31K	HP5082-7449
VQD32	(opto)		12 x 7-segment indicator red 3.4 mmm		HP5082-7442
VQE11	(opto)		2 x 7-segment indicator [±1. 8.] red 1/2″ common cathode	PDF: 78K	TLR326
Type	Housing	Label	Description	Datasheet	Similar
VQE12	(opto)		2 x 7-segment indicator [±1.8.] red 1/2″ common anode	PDF: 78K	TLR427
VQE13	(opto)		2 x 7-segment display [8.8.] red 1/2″ common cathode	PDF: 78K	TLR324
VQE14	(opto)		2 x 7-segment display [8.8.] red 1/2″ common anode	PDF: 78K	TLR325
VQE21	(opto)		2 x 7-segment indicator [±1.8.l green 1/2″ common cathode		TLG326
VQE22	(opto)		2 x 7-segment indicator [±1.8.] green 1/2″ common anode		TLG327
VQE23	(opto)		2 x 7-segment indicator [8. Навигация по записям Previous: Amd athlon 220ge review: AMD Athlon 240GE and 220GE Review: Retaking the Low Ground — Tom’s Hardware Next: Nvidia quadro m2200 vs p2000: Quadro M2200 vs Quadro P2000 Graphics cards Comparison Найти: Свежие записи Intel pentium dual core 6000: Please click the green button to continue. Rivatuner osd not display in league of legends: Reddit — Dive into anything 980 ti wattage: NVIDIA GeForce GTX 980 Ti Specs A6-5200M: AMD A-Series A6-5200 Notebook Processor G502 lightspeed review: Logitech G502 LIGHTSPEED Review — RTINGS.com Свежие комментарии Архивы Октябрь 2023 Сентябрь 2023 Август 2023 Июль 2023 Июнь 2023 Май 2023 Апрель 2023 Март 2023 Февраль 2023 Январь 2023 Декабрь 2022 Ноябрь 2022 Октябрь 2022 Сентябрь 2022 Август 2022 Июль 2022 Июнь 2022 Май 2022 Апрель 2022 Март 2022 Февраль 2022 Январь 2022 Декабрь 2021 Ноябрь 2021 Октябрь 2021 Сентябрь 2021 Август 2021 Июль 2021 Июнь 2021 Май 2021 Апрель 2021 Март 2021 Февраль 2021 Январь 2021 Декабрь 2020 Ноябрь 2020 Октябрь 2020 Сентябрь 2020 Август 2020 Июль 2020 Июнь 2020 Май 2020 Апрель 2020 Март 2020 Февраль 2020 Январь 2020 Декабрь 2019 Рубрики Amd Benchmark Cpu Gpu Miscellaneous Monitor Playstation Radeon Windows Xbox Мета Войти Лента записей Лента комментариев WordPress.org 2024 © All rights reserved

U808D: Datasheet search site, Datasheet search site for Electronic Components and Semiconductors and other semiconductors.

The Intel 8008 support page

Collect and share information and software about Intel’s 8008 — the world’s first 8 bit CPU, introduced April 1972

Table of contents

Preface

Some history

General description

Intel 8008 registers and flags

Intel 8008 instruction set

CPU control group

Input and output group

Jump group

Call and return group

Load group

Arithmetic group

Rotate group

Intel 8008 pinout

Pin functions

The 8008 machine states:

Datasheets

Identify a 8008

Intel

Microsystems International

8008 by Siemens

Clones by east german VEB Funkwerk Erfurt

Vintage computers

Homebrew Computers

Cross Assemblers

BASIC interpreter

PL/M for the Intel 8008

Simulators and Emulators

Photo gallery of Intel 8008 chips (on other pages)

Prices at eBay

EPROM burner for Intel 1702A

Dexovo Hexadecimální Doupě • 8008

CPU-Zone 8008

Ӳ—Ӳ—CPU— CPU

PA-7300LC

PA-8000

PA-8200

PA-8500

PA-8600

PA-8700

Home Computers Behind The Iron Curtain

JPR-1 (SAPI-1):

PMI-80:

PMD 85-1

IQ-151:

Tesla Ondra:

Didaktik Gama:

How To Pronounce Kmety: Kmety pronunciation

Decoder — command — The Big Encyclopedia of Oil and Gas, article, page 3

Technology — manufacturing — chip

I…IE | AVT Market — online directory of radio components

3c.htm

Intel 8008

Radio components of the GDR (reference book) | hardware

Collect and share information and software about Intel’s 8008
— the world’s first 8 bit CPU, introduced April 1972