Drivers
Xbox 360 Controller Driver makes it possible to use your Xbox 360 controller on a PC or laptop. In this article, we discuss some of the app’s key features, as well as some additional…
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
If you want a reliable and powerful driver for your HP printers, then you’re at the right place. This driver version is a game-changer, provides many useful features and a clear interface,…
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
The famous SoundMAX Integrated Digital Audio Driver will empower you to take advantage of the SoundMAX technology and get high-definition audio quality on older versions of Windows.
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
Canon CanoScan LiDE25 Driver is the driver you may need to make your Canon CanoScan LiDE25 work properly and take advantage of all its features.
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
If you want to get the most out of your PC’s audio capabilities and know that the ATI HDMI Audio Device Driver will bring your audio experience to the next level, then you should definitely…
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
Depending on your hardware, Realtek AC’97 Audio drivers are a piece of software you may need to be able to play sounds and listen to music on your PC or laptop.
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows, Linux
Driver scanner HP Scanjet 2400 is a driver designed by Hewlett Packard. It allows for properly operating of the scanner HP Scanjet 2400 series. This driver was created for the user…
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
This Generic USB Driver can recognize most USB drive’s if you are still using the Windows 98 OS.
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
You should try this driver if you are looking for a reliable and safe driver for your Samsung SCX-4521F multipurpose printer.
You can use your Samsung SCX-4521F printer in a few steps…
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows, macOS
You found the right page if you are looking for the Logitech Formula Vibration Feedback Wheel driver. Thanks to this tiny but reliable driver, you can drive your car like a real driver…
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
Dell WiFi Driver for Windows 7 is a driver designed for Dell computers and a specific set of network cards. Install this driver on your computer and you will be able to connect to Wi-Fi…
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
If you want to use the wireless feature of your Toshiba Satellite L300D using an Atheros network card, you can download and install this driver.
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
If you want to use your HP Deskjet 2050 Series, you need to install this driver.
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
Acer Aspire 5732Z (Win 7) Wireless Network card driver is the Windows 7 version of the driver you need to make your wireless network card work on your Acer Aspire 5732Z.
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
Driver for AMD Athlon, as the name suggests is a driver for processors of the AMD series.
It offers possibilities to enhance the processor’s performance and correct potential bugs.
License : Freeware |
OS : Linux
Wireless Driver for the Samsung RV410 (Win 7) is the wireless driver you need for your Samsung RV410 running under Windows 7.
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
Driver scanner Mustek 1200 UB is a driver especially designed for the owner of scanner Mustek 1200 UB series. After installing this driver, they can now enjoy the entire features of…
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
Driver Logitech camera is a driver to install the HD Logitech webcam.
It enables this kind of webcam to properly sync with the computer.
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
Realtek High Definition Audio driver for Windows Vista, 7, 8 and 10 64 bits is compatible with numerous motherboards that incorporate the audio devices and chipsets manufactured by…
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
Realtek Wireless drivers for XP (RTL8187) is the driver you may need to install and take advantage of the Wireless features of your Realtek device on Windows XP.
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
The Intel Graphics Beta Windows can improve the graphics performance of your software, it also shows significant improvements in the graphic experience and performance when playing.
..
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
HP LaserJet 1100 is a desktop laser printer for PC. It seems that this driver hasn’t been updated for several years — the version linked to this page is the latest to exist.
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
If you are using a Acer Aspire 5732ZAcer and want to use the webcam, then the Aspire 5732Z (Win 7) webcam driver might be what you need.
License : Freeware |
OS : Windows
How to update a sound card driver in Windows Vista and in Windows XP
Microsoft Windows XP Service Pack 2 Microsoft Windows XP Professional Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition Microsoft Windows XP Professional x64 Edition Windows Vista Ultimate Windows Vista Enterprise Windows Vista Business Windows Vista Home Premium Windows Vista Home Basic Windows Vista Starter Windows Vista Ultimate 64-bit Edition Windows Vista Enterprise 64-bit Edition Windows Vista Home Premium 64-bit Edition Windows Vista Home Basic 64-bit Edition More.
..Less
Support for Windows Vista without any service packs installed ended on April 13, 2010. To continue receiving security updates for Windows, make sure you’re running Windows Vista with Service Pack 2 (SP2). For more information, refer to this Microsoft web page:
Support is ending for some versions of Windows
INTRODUCTION
This article describes how to update a sound card driver in Windows Vista and in Windows XP.
This article is intended for a beginning to intermediate computer user.
You may find it easier to follow the steps if you print this article first.
Windows Vista
To update the sound card driver, follow these steps:
-
Click Start, click Control Panel, and then double-click System.
-
Click the Hardware tab, and then click Device Manager.
If you are prompted for an administrator password or for confirmation, type the password, or click Continue. -
Click Sound, video, and game controllers to expand.
-
Under Sound, video, and game controllers, double-click the entry for your sound card, and then click the Driver tab.
Note If a Driver tab is not present, the entry that you clicked under Sound, video, and game controllers may not be the correct entry for your sound card. Try clicking any additional entries listed under Sound, video, and game controllers.
-
Click Update Driver Software.
-
Follow the Update Driver Software Wizard to update the sound card driver.
Windows XP
To update the sound card driver, follow these steps:
-
Click Start, click Control Panel, and then double-click System.
-
Click the Hardware tab.
-
Double-click the sound card, and then click the Driver tab.
-
Click Update Driver.
-
Follow the Hardware Update Wizard to update the sound card driver.
More Information
If you receive a message that the device is not working correctly, the sound card is not listed, or you must obtain driver software, contact your sound card manufacturer for more help. You may also have to contact the computer manufacturer if you find that the steps to update the sound card driver do not work.
For information about your hardware manufacturer, visit the following Web site:
http://support.microsoft.com/gp/vendors/en-usMicrosoft provides third-party contact information to help you find technical support. This contact information may change without notice. Microsoft does not guarantee the accuracy of this third-party contact information.
Music and sound help with Windows 7
No audio in Windows Vista
No audio device error message in Windows Vista
Sound problems in Windows XP
Download AMD Athlon(tm) XP 1800+ driver for free on DriversGrabber
| Driver Name: | AMD Athlon(tm) XP 1800+ |
| Updated: | Jun 21, 2006 |
| License: | Free |
| Developer: | Microsoft |
| Install id: | ACPI\AUTHENTICAMD_-_X86_FAMILY_6_MODEL_8\_0 |
| Hardware id: | *AuthenticAMD_-_x86 |
| Total downloads: | 1612 |
| Category: | Processor |
You can choose version (supported OS and bits) of AMD Athlon(tm) XP 1800+ driver and let’s download device driver
| Driver | Download |
|---|---|
AMD Athlon(tm) XP 1800+ 5. 1.2600.0 |
Download |
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3DNews Processors and memory AMD Athlon XP 2000+ vs. Intel 0.13 micron… The most interesting news
⇣ Contents Testing Tom’s HardwareThe following motherboards were used for testing.
Well known board for AMD Athlon XP: Epox EP-8KHA+ on Socket 462 Popular board for Pentium 4: Asus P4T-E on Socket 478
We used a total of 19 tests to obtain the most balanced and reliable results. Our main goal was to study the performance of two top AMD and Intel processors: Athlon XP 2000+ and Pentium 4/2200. OpenGL performance measured using four different Quake III benchmarks. Direct3D performance — using 3D Mark 2000 (based on DirectX 7) and 3D Mark 2001 (based on DirectX 8). To test audio compression, we used Lame MP3 Encoder, which compressed a 178 MB WAV file into MPEG-1 Layer 3 format. We also tested MPEG-2 compression with Pinncale Studio 7. Newtek Lightwave (version 7b) was used to measure rendering performance. Archiving speed was tested using WinACE. Since recently, we have been measuring the compilation time of the Linux 2.4.13 kernel as a standard test. Sysmark 2001 was used to measure office productivity. OpenGL performance: Quake III Arena
In both time-demo runs, Pentium 4/2200 was able to outperform AMD Athlon XP 2000+. In the NV15 demo, we see a similar picture: Pentium 4 is leading. As you can see, the new Northwood core helped Intel well. Direct3D performance: DirectX 7 3D Mark 2000
3D Mark 2000 shows Direct3D performance in DirectX 7 under Windows XP. Direct3D performance: DirectX 8 3D Mark 2001
3D Mark 2001 shows Direct3D performance in DirectX 8 under Windows XP. Here the Pentium 4 2.2 GHz is slightly ahead of the Athlon XP 2000+, which may be due to the SSE2 optimization of the video card drivers, as well as the 3D Mark engine. MP3 audio encoding: Lame MP3
We used Lame MP3 Encoder to convert a 178MB WAV file to MPEG-1 Layer 3 format under Windows XP. As you can see, Pentium 4 2.2 GHz got a 5-second lead over AMD Athlon XP 2000+. Coding video MPEG4: Flask MPEG and Divx
Testing Sisoft Sandra: Processor and Multimedia
9000 9000 9000 in two Sisoft SanDra AMD tests AMD AMD AMD AM . As usual, the Pentium 4 2.2 GHz is the undisputed leader in the memory bandwidth test. 3D rendering: Newtek Lightwave 7b
In the Lightwave test, the Pentium 4 clearly takes the lead. While the Pentium 4 2.2 GHz took 230 seconds to render, the Athlon XP 2000+ took 360 seconds. Office performance: SysMark 2001
AMD Athlon XP 2000+’s strength is in office performance: with 203 points in SysMark 2001, Athlon XP still outperforms Pentium 4 2.2 GHz. As usual, we’re omitting the test to create a quotation, because apart from the known flaws, we just don’t feel its significance. It was «invented» by ZDBOP to create something completely new (and hardly necessary, by the way), and then this idea was picked up by BAPCo. Today, only a small number of people use content creation applications, while almost every PC user runs office tasks such as Word and Excel. Compiling Linux: Suse Linux 7.3/Kernel 2.4.13
When compiling the Linux kernel, Pentium 4 shortcomings surface, Pentium 4/2200 weakness becomes obvious: Pentium 4 took 229 seconds, while AMD Athlon 2000+ completed everything in 202 seconds. Archiving: WinACE 2.04
Archiving is often needed in life. Using WinACE 2.04 under Windows XP we compressed a 178 MB WAV file. Here, Intel Pentium 4/2200 clearly outperformed AMD Athlon XP 2000+. 3D rendering performance: SPECviewperf “Lighscape”
Intel Pentium 4 2.2 GHz leads again in the Lighscape test. MPEG-2 video encoding: Pinnacle Studio 7
In MPEG-2 movie encoding with Pinnacle Studio 7, Intel Pentium 4/2200 is definitely faster than AMD Athlon XP 2000+. 3D rendering performance: Cinema 4D XL R6
As you can see, here both processors demonstrate alternate success. Conclusion Two conclusions should be drawn. First of all, the Northwood core was released after some delays, and thanks to it the Pentium 4 began to look more attractive. Anandtech was able to overclock a 2.2 GHz Pentium 4 to 2.64 GHz thanks to 120 MHz FSB and a voltage boost to 1.625 V. Doubling the L2 cache to 512 KB improves performance by 5-9%, which is not bad in itself. Add to this increased headroom in terms of clock speed and the promise of growth in future applications, and you will realize that the Northwood core is exactly what the Pentium 4 lacked. still improved the competitiveness of the Pentium 4. Now the average user can hardly distinguish the performance of the top AMD and Intel models from each other. Secondly, Athlon XP still remains an excellent offering from AMD. You and I have seen how well the Athlon XP successfully withstands the battle with the monster Pentium 4 2.2 GHz. In almost all tests, the difference between the results of these two processors was negligible. AMD is doing a good job bringing the Athlon to 0.13µm, and the new Thoroughbred core will show up in all its glory soon, although AMD, unlike Intel, doesn’t talk much about its 0.13µm process technology. The choice is no longer so simple. Both Athlon XP 2000+ and Pentium 4 2.2 GHz perform well in many respects, so the final choice will depend on your subjective preferences. The price of the Pentium 4 2.2 GHz is much higher, although the processor is noticeably cooler and provides more ground for overclocking. If you add an 845 DDR platform to it, you get one of the most stable systems we’ve ever tested. The Pentium 4 does not look the best in terms of investment security. The transition to a platform with FSB 133 MHz will soon be implemented, and existing motherboards will not be able to work at this frequency. In addition, 533 MHz RDRAM modules are expected to be twice as expensive as conventional ones. It’s hard to say now how far the fight between AMD and Intel will go, but hopefully we won’t see the old days return when we had to choose between what «works faster» and «what is the best low-end anything you can afford.»
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⇣ Contents If you notice an error, select it with the mouse and press CTRL+ENTER. Related materials Permanent URL: https://3dnews. ⇣ Comments |
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00 
88 
LWS 
Because of its support for SSE (3DNow! Professional), the AMD Athlon XP was able to take the lead.
However, the results of this test should be treated with caution due to its synthetic nature. SiSoft Sandra is best suited for «overclockers» who are eager to see a couple of percent increase in performance on their processor.
AMD doesn’t even care much about the bug in Windows Media Player 7.x, since the content creation test itself is «sucked out of thin air.»
In this test, Intel takes advantage of the Pentium 4’s higher clock speed and larger L2 cache.
The next step for the Pentium 4 will be to move to 533 MHz FSB, which should boost performance by a lot more.
On the other hand, buying an Athlon XP 2000+ and KT266A will leave you with enough money in your wallet to upgrade other system components.
ru/172082/page-1.html Drivers for sound card asus xonar dgx for windows 10
Contents
- UNi Xonar Drivers 1.81 (post periodically updated)
- UNi Xonar drivers are Windows drivers for the following sound cards: DX, Xonar D2X, Xonar HDAV, Xonar HDAV Slim, Xonar Essence ST, Xonar Essence STX, Xonar Essence STX II, Xonar Xense.
- Other C-Media CMI8786, CMI8787 and CMI8788 audio chip based cards: Auzentech X-Meridian & X-Meridian 2G; HT Omega Claro, Claro Plus, Claro II, Claro Halo, eClaro; Razer Barracuda AC-1; AIM Audio SC8000. View full list.
- Supported OS: Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows 10, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2012 Windows Server 2016 and Windows Server 2019.
- Introduction
- UNi Xonar Features
- FAQ & troubleshooting guide (upd 02/08/2019)
- Having problems installing UNi Xonar drivers? Refer to this topic
- Xonar best audio settings guide
- Audio known issues and workarounds
- UNi Xonar installer addon documentation
- ASUS Xonar sound cards issues
- Xonar cards and AMD Ryzen motherboards compatibility
- Poll: Rate ASUS Xonar driver support
- Release notes
- Windows 10 compatibility and issues
- Downloads
- RELEASE NOTES
- Notes about Windows 10 compatibility (updated 29 May 2020)
- Standalone applications for changing settings or enhancing audio:
- Xonar DX
- Video
UNi Xonar Drivers 1.
81 (post periodically updated)
25 Jan 2017 9:48pm on March 6, 2021 • by CarvedInside • in Xonar sound cards • 8842
UNi Xonar drivers are Windows drivers for the following sound cards:
ASUS Xonar DG, Xonar DGX, Xonar DG SI, Xonar DS, Xonar DSX, Xonar D1, Xonar D2, Xonar DX, Xonar D2X, Xonar HDAV, Xonar HDAV Slim, Xonar Essence ST, Xonar Essence STX, Xonar Essence STX II Xonar Xense.
Other C-Media CMI8786, CMI8787 and CMI8788 audio chip based cards: Auzentech X-Meridian & X-Meridian 2G; HT Omega Claro, Claro Plus, Claro II, Claro Halo, eClaro; Razer Barracuda AC-1; AIM Audio SC8000. View full list.
Supported OS: Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows 10, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2012 Windows Server 2016 and Windows Server 2019.
Linked content:
Introduction
UNi Xonar Features
FAQ & troubleshooting guide (upd 02/08/2019)
Having problems installing UNi Xonar drivers? Refer to this topic
Xonar best audio settings guide
Audio known issues and workarounds
UNi Xonar installer addon documentation
ASUS Xonar sound cards issues
Xonar cards and AMD Ryzen motherboards compatibility
Poll: Rate ASUS Xonar driver support
Contents:
Release notes
Windows 10 compatibility and issues
Downloads
Page updates and announcements :
Surely donating is not the only way you can support this project.
You can submit your custom made icon, application or any other little enhancements that can make UNi Xonar better. Let’s not forget about spreading the word about UNi Xonar drivers and helping other Xonar owners.
RELEASE NOTES
Release notes 1.81a
Driver for all supported cards. Includes 1825 audio drivers for Windows 10. Unlike previous releases, the 1825 audio driver will only work in Windows 10. How to uninstall 1825 v1.81 drivers : In order to avoid a system crash while uninstalling 1825 drivers you will need to play an audio file before proceeding with the uninstall process. Restart system after the uninstall process is done.
Release notes 1.80
UNi Xonar installer changes:
The 1.80 drivers come in two variants:
Driver for all supported cards. Replacement for 1.75a driver. Includes 1816 audio drivers for Win XP and 1823 audio drivers for Windows Vista/7/8/8.
1/10.
Driver mainly for STX II and STX II 7.1 cards. It does work for the other UNi Xonar supported cards too. Replacement for 1.75b driver. Includes STX II version 11.5 audio drivers (built date: 18 Feb 2014, made by C-Media).
Previous release notes:
Release notes 1.75
UNi Xonar Installer changes:
Same audio drivers as those in 1.72 (1816 for Win XP, 1822 for Windows Vista/7/8/8.1/10).
Driver mainly for STX II and STX II 7.1 cards. It also works with UNi Xonar previously supported cards.
Known issues:
Release notes 1.72
These drivers bring Windows 8.1 support.
Release notes 1.71.1
Replacement for v1.71 driver package with configuration fixes and updated components.
UNi Xonar Installer changes:
Release notes 1.71
UNi Xonar Installer changes:
Release notes 1.
70
UNi Xonar Installer changes:
Notes about Windows 10 compatibility (updated 29 May 2020)
UNi Xonar drivers v1.64 and above will work with Windows 10. There could be some issues that you could run into depending on audio settings used. Different drivers could work differently so if you encounter any issues try installing the other UNi Xonar versions. You will have the same issues with corresponding versions of ASUS drivers.
Apart from driver issues, there could be issues solely from Windows 10 sound system that would be fixed with future Windows updates. There is also a small chance that some things could break with future Windows updates. Here are some solutions on how to prevent a forceful Windows 10 standard or version update.
Some of these issues also apply to other audio cards (Realtek, Creative, EVGA Nu Audio, ASUS Strix etc.) and external DACs.
Windows 10 (multiple versions) notes
Possible issues and fixes:0359
Windows 10 version 1909 ( November 2019 Update ) notes
Windows 10 version 1903 (April 2019 Update) notes
Windows 10 version 1809 (October 2018 Update) notes
Before upgrading to 1809 , you should uninstall the UNi Xonar drivers especially if you have v1.
81a installed, as the update process might result in BSOD (#1). As a reminder, in order to avoid a system crash while uninstalling 1825 (v1.81a) drivers you will need to play an audio file before proceeding with the uninstall process. Restart the system after the uninstall process is done. 9Windows 10 version 1803 (April 2018 Update) notes reset and not working audio server process at startup issues that where introduced with Fall Creators Update are fixed with Red Stone 4 preview (pre 1803 release).
Possible issues and fixes:
Possible issues reported so far:
Windows 10 version 1709 (Fall Creators Update) notes (updated 13 May 2018)
Reported issues so far:
Standalone applications for changing settings or enhancing audio:
2. Additional tweaks
3. Xonar related applications :
Source
|
VocalFX technology for in-game communication Sound purity (116 dB signal-to-noise ratio) is significantly higher than motherboard-integrated audio codecs (about 85 dB) Contents Xonar DX Sound Card System Requirements One free PCI Express 1.0 slot (or higher) ) Source VideoDance with a tambourine with an Asus Xonar DG sound card \ error missing device Windows 10 x64 Complete review of the Asus Xonar DGX sound card software Sound card for Windows 10 ASUS Xonar DSX 11/08/2021 asus xonar dg drivers won’t install HOW TO FIX CMUDAXP.SYS ERROR AND BSoD BLUE SCREEN ON YOUR ASUS XONAR DG SOUND CARD! ASUS XONAR DSX 09/22/2021 Online.ru Sound card ASUS XONar DGX (Xonar DGX) ASUS XONAR DGX 22.01.2022 9000 ASUS XONAR DG 9000 Sound Card share or save: |
1 audio decoding. 
All these features will make chatting and playing online more fun and interesting. 
4 processor GHz, AMD Athlon 1400 or faster AMD Athlon XP 2800+ with NVIDIA nForce20002
A new stage of confrontation with Intel
Version of the article with diagrams for Flash 4
AMD’s recent actions will be able to confuse not only an ordinary observer, but even an experienced editor of a computer publication.
The reason for the numerous changes in plans, the postponement of announcements and the sudden announcement of new products is one problems of the technological plan. For readers who are following our news closely, it will probably not come as a revelation that the implementation of SOI technology at AMD production facilities is going with great difficulty, and it is even possible that processors based on the Hammer core, at least their first samples, will issued «old fashioned». However, it is difficult to assess the harm or benefit from such a situation for a simple buyer, since the company is trying to atone for the delay in new architectural solutions by introducing technological solutions, of which it has two plans in the near future: the transfer of the Athlon XP processor family (the current Thoroughbred core, more precisely, its revision » B» (stepping «1»)) to the 166 (333) MHz bus, as well as adding another 256 KB of L2 cache to the chip.
The kernel resulting from the combination of both innovations is supposed to be called Barton; meanwhile, at the first stage, AMD announces two new models from the Athlon XP processor line, operating at a bus frequency of 166(333) MHz and numbered, in accordance with the QuantiSpeed doctrine, as 2700+ and 2800+.
Athlon XP 2700+ and 2800+
Using ratings instead of real frequency would complicate the picture even more, but fortunately the moment of transition to a faster bus is fixed quite clearly: the new models start counting from 2700+, and the 2600+ model , thus remains the last one to work on the old 133 MHz bus. Note that the real frequency of processors, although it no longer obeys a strict mathematical dependence on the model number, is at least always higher for processors with a higher rating: for the 2600+ model it was 2133 MHz (16×133 MHz), and for the 2700+ will equal 2167 MHz (13×166 MHz) while the difference in frequency is less than in a number of 133 MHz models, but this is quite fair, since a faster bus will undoubtedly give its increase in speed. The study of how large this increase will be is precisely the first task of today’s article. However, a little later, AMD will also announce a processor with a rating of 2600+ on a 166 MHz bus, clocked at 2083 MHz (this will be the first step towards «rating» Barton :)).
Well, now let’s talk a little about the most announced model.
In fact, the transfer of processors to the new bus is an official overclocking, which became possible with the release of the second revision of the core, which increased stability. In this regard, the most interesting issue is the thermal regime of new processors. In general, in the core of stepping “1”, the “working area” is, as it were, shifted to the region of higher frequencies, as a result of which, for example, the 2000+ model began to emit 1 W more, but the 2200+ model is already 5 W less, and all recently announced processors (2400+, 2600+, 2700+ no data on 2800+ yet) with the same core characteristics (supply voltage 1.65 V, maximum temperature of the crystal 85 ° C) have the same heat dissipation (maximum / typical ): 68.3/62 W almost identical to the specifications of the 2200+ at the time of its release (with “0” stepping). Accordingly, the requirements for the cooling system are neither weakened nor tightened you still need a certified cooler with a copper base.
It should probably be noted that although the 2800+ model was announced today and we have the opportunity to show you the level of its performance, in reality this processor is not yet available, and obviously will not Barton should appear, and at about the same frequencies, and it is known that increasing the L2 cache to 512 KB will not lead to a significant increase in the rating of models on the new core. Well, let’s wait for news and certainty on this score from AMD, but for now, we’ll just provide photos of the engineering sample we studied.
. . We will certainly do this in the near future, and we will try to cover all the interesting features of this product in our study, but the current participation in the tests of the ASUS A7N8X board is a good reason to introduce NVIDIA nForce2 to our readers.
Let’s say right away that the company hasn’t prepared new revolutions, but even without it, the evolved chipset looks noticeably richer than competitors’ products in terms of functionality.
The most interesting and pleasant thing for buyers is that this time NVIDIA intends to win a significant market share, wisely betting on a discrete version of the chipset and promising to keep the price on it not exceeding the price of top-end products of competitors (read, VIA KT333/ KT400) for more than $10. But first things first.
The nForce2 chipset, like its predecessor nForce, has four options at the time of the announcement, made up of possible combinations of northbridge and southbridge pairs. But there is also a fundamental difference between them: the complete absence of announcements of boards based on the cut-down version of nForce nForce 220 (with a single-channel memory controller) showed NVIDIA the futility of trying to save money in this way, so the nForce2 northbridge exists in only one, high-performance version. But this time, a discrete version of the chipset (without integrated graphics), which is quite popular with the same motherboard manufacturers in the case of the first nForce, is not only provided from the very beginning, but will even be shipped in the first place it is obvious that NVIDIA refers to its new chipset not as an advertisement of their own graphics chips, but as a full-fledged self-sufficient product.
So, specifications. The NVIDIA nForce2 chipset is built according to the classical scheme with two bridges (however, NVIDIA prefers to call them processors, emphasizing a significant share of the work that they take on themselves, thereby freeing the CPU from it). The Northbridge is available in two variants: nForce2 IGP (Integrated Graphics Processor with integrated graphics core) and nForce2 SPP (System Platform Processor without graphics core). There are also two options for south bridges: MCP (Media and Communication Processor) and MCP-T (we still didn’t manage to understand what “T” is short for :)), the differences between which are significant and will be discussed in more detail later.
The integrated video core IGP is, in fact, an analogue of the GeForce4 MX GPU, a full description and test results of which you can easily find on our website in the «Video system» section. We note only one significant difference: IGP, of course, does not have its own video memory, and the total system memory, which is accessed according to the SMA principle, operates at a frequency that is noticeably lower than the memory frequency of NVIDIA GeForce4 MX 440 with AGP8x graphics cards (based on the same NV18 chip).
Moreover, only when the maximum memory frequency supported by the chipset is 200 (400) MHz (DDR400), the integrated video core will “reach” the “old” NVIDIA GeForce4 MX 440 video cards in terms of parameters. In our future reviews, we will definitely check how theoretical the level of performance of integrated graphics coincides with the practical one, but for now let’s focus on the non-gaming characteristics of the IGP video core. Let’s note the most important ones: nView (image output to two devices), digital interface for connecting DVI monitors, integrated TV-Out and full DVD/MPEG2 hardware decoding. You can learn more about all this from the articles in the “Video system” section, and in the meantime, we move on to the remaining part common to both versions of the north bridge.
Here, as we have already mentioned, there are no revolutionary changes, but quite a decent difference comes over the little things. So, the chipset provides support for any processors designed for Socket A with a processor bus speed of 100(200), 133(266) and 166(333) MHz.
The frequency of 200 (400) MHz is also supported (of course, unofficially) note this fact to ourselves and continue with the official characteristics. The chipset can work with memory up to 3 GB of DDR200, DDR266, DDR333 and DDR400 standards (we remind you that the latter is not an official standard, with all the ensuing consequences) and ensures (even in the case of IGP) the functioning of an AGP 4x/8x port.
Nearly standard northbridge specs for a modern chipset, but NVIDIA has a couple of tricks up its sleeve. The first is undoubtedly the intelligent transaction coordinator. To coordinate the transfer of huge data arrays between the processor, memory, video chip and the south bridge, a finely tuned data buffering and prefetching system (DASP) is used. We have already analyzed in detail the theory of this mechanism functioning in the same preliminary review of NVIDIA nForce, while the second generation of DASP, according to NVIDIA, is more «aggressive» algorithms. Unfortunately, we do not have more detailed information about the corresponding changes, but, however, recalling the results of testing the first nForce, we can conclude that the effectiveness of implementing such complex mechanisms should still be verified in practical tests._01.jpg)
Note that NVIDIA engineers faced a really difficult task, since the distribution of data flows must be carried out even in conditions of complete asynchrony of all buses (moreover, it is potentially possible to independently change the frequency of the processor, memory or AGP bus for overclocking).
The second unique technology used by NVIDIA and designed to make this company’s chipsets really top-end is called DualDDR in nForce2, although it is known as TwinBank to those who read the nForce review. In short, its essence lies in the use of two 64-bit memory controllers, and tasks are distributed between them in such a way that, working alternately, they not only provide 128-bit access to memory, but also halve (in theory) access delays . For details of how the technology works, we again refer you to the NVIDIA nForce preview, and we only note that one more address bus has been added to the DualDDR Memory Architecture (there are three in total, with two data buses), which provides quick access to all three supported memory modules , and they can thus operate at the maximum frequency.
It also deserves, probably, a special mention of the ability to use any number (no more than three, of course) DIMMs of any organization and speed at the same time, although for maximum efficiency, you should, as before, install modules with the same parameters in connectors that are clearly separated when wiring motherboards (having two minimum sequence numbers).
Finally, at the end of the story about the north bridge, let us recall that in NVIDIA product lines it communicates with the south bridge using a special high-speed HyperTransport bus with a bandwidth of 800 MB / s, and if for the first nForce such a speed was an obvious excess, then the second generation of the chipset threatens to fill the allocated channel «to the brim».
Turning to the MCP specifications (we will first talk about the full-featured version of MCP-T), we would like to immediately declare that we will not analyze the network and audio capabilities of the chipset in this article everything has its time and everything has its own tests.
In the meantime, let’s list the main components that NVIDIA managed to shove into the south bridge. So, in addition to the built-in network controller already available in the MCP of the first nForce, a MAC from 3Com has been added, and both are able to work simultaneously this feature of the chipset is called DualNet. When any of the network controllers is operating, the proprietary technology of isochronous data delivery to the north bridge StreamThru operates, which, according to NVIDIA, provides a certain increase in speed relative to conventional analogues designed for data transfer via the PCI bus. The sound part is represented by a 2/4/6-channel audio codec or a pair of codecs, as well as the nForce APU already familiar to our readers with the possibility of hardware encoding to Dolby Digital 5.1 format (the variant is called SoundStorm) or without it. As for the support for peripheral bus interfaces, NVIDIA is up to the mark with integrated USB 2.0 controllers (one EHCI, up to 6 ports) and Firewire (IEEE1394a).
Of course, the interface for connecting hard drives has not been forgotten, and this is perhaps the only place in the chipset that does not look like a failure, but, in any case, is not striking, since instead of the fashionable SerialATA there is only a pair quite traditional for competitors’ products. ATA133 IDE controllers. It’s a shame, because NVIDIA has already taught us to wait for non-trivial solutions. 🙂
If you’re tired of stacking, we suggest taking it down a bit, as now we’ll list the features missing in the cheap («budget») version of the southbridge («just» MCP). So, the network is cut down to the «native» MAC, from the sound there is only an audio codec, you can forget about Firewire. However, the rest, it should be noted, is quite drawn to a modern full-featured southbridge, and if the price of motherboards based on the «budget» version of the chipset is really «budget», then we can confidently predict the most favorable future for such a solution.
To conclude the description of the chipset, let’s give a set of trade names for its variants, not forgetting to mentally thank NVIDIA for the rejection of meaningless, but very confusing numbers in the name: now the letter «G» indicates the presence of an integrated graphics core, its absence the letter «S», and the use of the southbridge MCP-T adds to the end, oddly enough, the letter «T».
Now try it yourself with one attempt to separate «nForce2-GT», «nForce2-G», «nForce2-ST» and «nForce2-S» in the corners of the square. Also, just for the sake of completeness, here are photos of chipset bridge markings on an engineering sample of the ASUS A7N8X board based on IGP and MCP-T:
Expective Study
Test stand:
- Processors:
- AMD Athlon XP 2200+ (1800 MHz, 13.5×133 MHz), Socket 462
- AMD ATHOS ), Socket 462
- Intel Pentium 4 2.8 GHz (21×133 MHz), Socket 478
- chipset NVIDIA nForce2
AGP/ 5 PCI/ ACR AGP/ 5 PCI/ CNR I/O ports 2 PS/2, 3 IEEE1394 1 FDD, 1 COM, 1 LPT, 2 PS/2, 2 IEEE1394 1 FDD, 2 COM, 1 LPT, 2 PS/2 USB 6 USB 2.0 + 2 x 2 USB 2.0 ports 4 USB 2.0 + 1 x 2 USB 2.0 ports + 5 2 USB 1.1 + 1 x 2 USB 2.0 + 1 x 2 USB 1.1 Chipset-integrated IDE controller of the future or of the overclocked bus, since at that time even AMD had no plans for such an “acceleration” of the Athlon XP.
The only board based on this chipset that happened to be in our lab could not start after installing the Athlon XP 2800+ processor into it. The specification of the long-released SiS735 chipset didn’t mention support for the 166(333) MHz bus, but the attempt is not torture. This is also a negative result, and boards based on newer SiS chipsets, unfortunately, have not yet come to us. Thus, there was practically no choice left, and a representative of VIA had to pair the nForce2 chipset. We decided to use the KT400 as it is newer and more interesting, and also seems to be able to “communicate” with memory at a frequency of 200 (400) MHz (now that the last hope of standardizing DDR400 in JEDEC has disappeared, it has become good form for chipset manufacturers to refuse from their previous words and specifications and shift the problem with DDR400 performance to motherboard manufacturers). Initially, the idea was to compare the performance when using the PC3200 memory, but it turned out that the KT400, which should “hold” the new processor bus, really “holds” it, only the memory can be used exclusively in synchronous mode like DDR333 (respectively, I had to limit myself to DDR333 for all KT400 tests).
In addition, express testing, the results of which we do not present, revealed that nForce2, despite a lot of words about special optimization for working with DDR400 in advertising brochures, always works a little faster at a frequency synchronous with the processor bus. Thus, it was not possible to test at least something with DDR400. 🙂 However, it is quite possible that the words of NVIDIA marketers were true, and their engineers really made great efforts to ensure that the terrible asynchrony that occurs when using the PC3200, would not kill performance too much, and the happy owner of a freshly bought for a considerable memory money not too much would lose when using it :). This paragraph is a call to try to buy standardized and certified equipment, though Remembering that nForce2 can work with a 200(400) MHz processor bus, we can assume that a processor installed on such a bus would show good results in combination with DDR400 and
Well, having done with the lyrics, let’s get back to testing.
And what, in fact, would be interesting to test with a sample processor with a new bus? Obviously compare it with the model on the old tire. This, however, will not be officially done, because, as mentioned above, the «old» and «new» frequency lines will not intersect. Thus, having no technical possibility to change the processor multiplier, we had to resort to an indirect comparison, using the same processor, but operating at a bus frequency of 133(266) MHz. By comparing the obtained results with the scalability factor of each test application by processor frequency, we can estimate the level of gain from a faster bus. Comparing the performance of systems based on two different chipsets (KT400, which actually acted as KT333, against nForce2), we can estimate the usefulness of the so far unsurpassed (among DDR chipsets) dual memory controller of the NVIDIA chipset depending on the frequency of the processor bus. Finally, the Pentium 4 2.8 GHz results have been added to the diagrams “to the heap”, but here we must immediately make a reservation that this fight is virtual: the Athlon XP 2800+ processor is not just out of stock (like all its recently announced brothers, starting from 2400+ models), but no one can even guarantee that a model with such a rating will be mass-produced with exactly the above characteristics.
Test results
Testing in CPU RightMark does not bring us any surprises: the performance of systems of the same architecture in this test is almost 100% dependent on the frequency of the processor used and the speed of the cache memory. The deviation from the «norm» does not exceed the error value, while the mutual position of AMD and Intel processors is quite familiar and has been commented on by us more than once.
The situation is already more interesting with regard to the speed of low-level memory operation: let’s ignore the unconditional victory of Rambus, but the fact of a slight superiority of the KT400 with a 133 MHz processor bus (after all, the PC2700 worked faster like the PC2100 in this memory configuration on nForce2) is worth paying attention to Attention. Particularly noticeable against this background is the sharp leap of the dual-channel controller of the NVIDIA chipset during the transition to a 166-MHz processor bus and a memory frequency that does not lag behind it.
Also notice how nForce2 easily overtakes its rival on the highly predictable Wstream algorithm using DASP prefetching.
MP3 encoding is a countable task, so neither the equal performance of processors of equal ratings and different chipsets, nor the almost 100% scaling of the test on Athlon XP are not surprising.
But MPEG4 encoding is a completely different matter: the performance in this task is usually determined by the speed of data passing through the memory by the processor, and here we see a gorgeous effect of processor bus acceleration 100% scaling on nForce2. Against this background, even a fairly decent 70% efficiency of the KT400/KT333 fade. The conclusion is very simple: when using the new Athlon XP processors based on VIA chipsets, the encoding speed is limited by memory access, although the gain is significant — the use of DDR400 memory should have a noticeable effect here, if this is, of course, fundamentally possible. But in the case of nForce2, the scope for accelerating processors is open, any future model will work proportionately faster.
Pentium 4 wins in this test, first of all, due to the support of the SSE2 instruction set, which is rather remotely related to the main topic of this article. When archiving with both archivers, the picture is exactly like MPEG4 encoding. The large size of the dictionaries used makes these tests dependent on the speed of the processor with memory, and here again nForce2 practically does not restrain the increased appetite of the processor (80-90% scalability), and the VIA chipset only gives an increase of (30-40% efficiency) . The only slight difference is that in WinAce the results of competitors’ processors are equal, while in WinRAR Pentium 4 is still confidently leading.
Rendering in 3ds max is usually only CPU clock intensive, so keeping in mind the Athlon XP 2600+ vs Intel Pentium 4 2.8 GHz (established in our recent comparison of these models), we should not be surprised that the model with increased frequency.
Concluding our study with games, where another «greedy» memory bandwidth component of the system, the video card, joins the processor, we see a picture already familiar from most of the previous tests.
Of course, when testing games at high resolutions, where the video accelerator starts to slow down, miracles are not observed, but a 60% increase in speed in this case is a very decent result. But low resolutions with low details of scenes, in which the system performance just rests on the processor and memory, again demonstrate almost 100% scalability, but only on nForce2. Conclusions
We will briefly summarize the conclusions, since the article, in our opinion, has already commented on all the essential points.
The rather obvious empirical conclusion that the performance of systems based on Athlon XP since the release of chipsets with DDR333 memory support is limited by the processor bus bandwidth has been confirmed. An equally obvious assumption about the lack of DDR333 bandwidth for the processor bus of the same frequency was confirmed (we observed a similar picture with VIA KT266/A, when the release of KT333 was able to noticeably speed up 266 MHz processors).
